Objective To observe the influence of warm ischemia time on acquisition of rat pancreatic islets and islet function.Method Male Wistar rats were used.After heart beats stopped,the pancreases in four groups of rats were harvested,and warm ischemia time was 0,15,30 and 45 min separately.The pancrease was preserved in UW at 4℃C for 8 h,and subjected to injection of collagenase solutions.After islets were acquired,the purity,survival rate and islet activity were tested,and statistical analysis was performed.Result The number of islets obtained in 0 min group,15 min group,30 min group and 45 min group was (433 ± 41),(396 ± 38),(350 ± 31) and (66 ± 17)IEQ/one,islet viability was 94％,88％,77％ and 25％,and purity was 88％,78％,60％ and 32％,and insulin release index was 2.38 ± 0.23,2.25 ± 0.18,2.19-± 0.18 and 1.25 ± 0.12,respectively.There was no significant difference in islet number,purity,survival rate and activity 15 min group and 30 min group between 15 min group or 30 min group and 0 min group (P＞0.05).There was significant difference between 45 min group and 0 min group in islet number,purity,survival rate and activity (P＜0.05).The survival rate and purity in 45 min group were lower than the clinical standards for islet transplantation (survival rate ＞ 75％,and purity ＞ 50％).Conclusion Warm ischemia time of 15 min in non-heart-beating brain death(NHBD) rats had no effect on islet isolation and purification.Warm ischemia time within 30 min showed no significant influence on islets of NHBD rats,which can be used in islet transplantation.Warm ischemia time at 45 min showed significant influence on islets of NHBD rats,which can't be used in islet transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the value of 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT for the detection of primary and regional lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer.Methods Thirty-seven patients with gastric cancer underwent preoperative 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG PET/CT within one week from March 2011 to April 2013.Postoperative histopathology confirmation was obtained in all patients.The PET/CT images were assessed visually and semi-quantitatively.Two-sample t and x2 tests were analyzed using SPSS 13.0.Results For the detection of primary gastric cancer,the sensitivities of 18 F-FLT and 18 F-FDG PET were 89.2％ (33/ 37) vs 91.9％(34/37),respectively (x2=0.158,P＞0.05).The 18F-FLT SUVmax of 16/37 cases with diffuse-type gastric cancer was significantly higher than that of 21/37 cases with intestinal-type gastric cancer (6.89±1.38 vs 3.79±2.45,t=4.533,P＜0.05) ; while 18F-FDG SUVmaxwas not significantly different between the two subgroups (7.13± 1.97 vs 6.36±2.32,t =1.066,P＞0.05).For the detection of regional lymph node metastasis,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG were 64.8％(35/54) vs 88.9％(48/54),97.6％(246/252) vs 82.9％(209/252),91.8％(281/306) vs 84.0％(257/306),respectively (x2 =8.796,30.948,8.854,all P＜0.05).The overall sensitivity,specificity and accuracy by both tracers were 92.6％(50/54),98.8％(249/252) and 97.7％(299/306).Conclusions 18F-FLT might be a better or complementary tracer to 18F-FDG for the detection of diffuse-type gastric cancer.Compared with 18FFDG PET/CT,18F-FLT PET/CT may be less sensitive but more specific and accurate for the detection of regional lymph node metastasis.The overall diagnostic accuracy can be improved by using both tracers.

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the antimicrobial activity of omadacycline (OMC) against clinical Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) isolates, as well as its relationship with biofilm formation, resistance genes and virulence genes. Methods　A total of 136 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital between 2015 to 2020. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of OMC against Streptococcus agalactiae was determined by broth microdilution. Crystal violet staining was used to detect the biofilm formation ability of GBS. Resistance genes (tetM, tetO, tetK, ermB, OptrA) and virulence genes (cpsⅢ, bca, fbsA, cpsA, scpB) were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results　Among the 136 clinical isolates of GBS, 20 strains (14.7%) were resistant to OMC, 64 (47.1%) were intermediate, and 52 (38.2%) were sensitive. Fifty-seven strains (41.9%) were biofilm-positive, 20 of which (35.1%) were sensitive to OMC. Seventy-nine strains (58.1%) were biofilm-negative, 32 of which (40.5%) were susceptible to OMC. There was a statistically significant difference in the sensitivity rates between the two groups of strains (χ2=63.062, P<0.001), but there was no significant difference in the sensitivity of OMC among the biofilm-positive strains (Fisher's exact test, P=0.824). The resistance rates of tetM, tetO, ermB and OptrA positive strains were higher than those of negative strains, while tetK was opposite. The presence of tetM (Z=0.815, P=0.415), tetO (Z=0.151, P=0.88), tetK (Z=0.567, P=0.571), ermB (Z=1.198, P=0.231) resistance genes in Streptococcus agalactiae had no significant impact on the sensitivity of OMC. However, the presence of the OptrA resistance gene showed a statistically significant effect on the sensitivity of OMC (Z=2.913, P=0.004). The virulence factors cpsⅢ, bca, fbsA, cpsA and scpB were all detected at a rate higher than 50%. The presence of the virulence genes cpsⅢ (Z=0.222, P=0.824), bca (Z=0.141, P=0.888), fbsA (Z=0.813, P=0.416), and cpsA (Z=1.615, P=0.106) in Streptococcus agalactiae had no significant impact on the sensitivity of OMC. However, there was a significant inter-group difference in the scpB virulence gene (Z=2.844, P=0.004), but the rank mean values and resistance rates of scpB-positive strains were lower than those of the negative strains. Conclusions　The formation of biofilm in Streptococcus agalactiae reduces its sensitivity to OMC, but there was no significant difference in the sensitivity to OMC among the biofilm-positive strains. The presence of resistance genes tetM, tetO, tetK, ermB, and virulence genes cpsⅢ, bca, fbsA, cpsA, scpB in Streptococcus agalactiae is not associated with OMC resistance, but the presence of the resistance gene OptrA is correlated with OMC resistance..

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics and changing trends of common respiratory infectious diseases among 6-19 year-old population in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2021, and to provide a reference for prevention and control. Methods Data of influenza, mumps and varicella reported cases among the population aged 6-19 years in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2021 were collected, and descriptive methods and Joinpoint regression model were used to analyze epidemiological characteristics and trends of incidences. Results Between 2013 and 2022 in Shenzhen, the average annual incidence rates of influenza, mumps, and varicella among the population aged 6-19 years were 961.44/100 000, 157.70/100 000, and 664.34/100 000 respectively. The incidence of influenza showed an upward trend in 10 years, with an annual percent change (APC) of 52.88% (P<0.05). The incidence of mumps and varicella both showed an 'up-down' trend, with an inflection point in 2019. The incidence APC of mumps were 11.51% and -43.49%, respectively (P>0.05), while the incidence APC of varicella were 28.88% and -50.03%, respectively (P<0.05), respectively. From the point of seasonal distribution, the incidence of three infectious diseases all showed bimodal distribution, with peaks in winter (December to January of the following year) and at the turn from spring to summer (April to June). The proportion of reported cases of three infectious diseases among people aged 6-<10 years old exceeded 60%. The proportion of varicella cases among people aged 10-<15 and 15-19 was on the rise. The incidence rate of influenza and varicella in people aged 15-19 years increased fastest, with APCs of 77.89% and 33.00%, respectively (both P<0.05). Conclusions The trend analysis based on Joinpoint regression model displayed that the reported incidence of influenza among people aged 6-19 years in Shenzhen during 2013-2022 showed an upward trend, and the incidence of varicella had an 'up-down' trend. Children aged 6-<10 years old are the main incidence group, and the prevention and control of infectious diseases in primary schools should be further promoted. Meanwhile, the rapid rise in the incidence of respiratory infectious diseases among people aged 15-19 years old and the increase in the proportion of varicella cases among people aged 10-19 years old suggest that intervention should be carried out to address the influential factors such as immunization gaps and concentrated accommodation in the older age group of minors.

Objective To estimate the incidence of drop out of treatment in patients with access to methadone maintenance treatment and explore the correlation and interaction between insufficient methadone dosage and morphine positive urine on the drop out in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Methods Face to face interview was conducted in 1 031 patients at 3 methadone maintenance treatment clinics in Guangxi.Results The study included 1 031 participants,40.6％ of them (419/1 031) had stopped treatment.The drop out rates in urine morphine positive group and methadone dosage ＜ 100 mg/d group were 57.6％ (99/172) and 37.4％ (347/929) respectively,higher than those in urine morphine negative group and methadone dosage ≥ 100 mg/d group (42.3％,363/ 859,and 26.5％,27/102).Orderly logistic regression analysis results showed that after adjusted factors,such as gender,age,marital status,ethnic group,patients who received a dosage less than 1 00 mg/day (OR=3.05,95％CI:1.84-5.06) and had morphine positive urine (OR=2.25,95％CI:1.59-3.19) were more likely to drop out of the treatment.Interaction analysis showed that dosage less than 100 mg/d and morphine positive urine during treatment had additive interaction (RERI=256.46,AP=0.87,S=8.05) and multiplication interaction (OR=2.45,95％CI:1.71-3.49).Conclusion Insufficient dosage and morphine positive urine were significantly correlated with drop out of treatment in patients with access to methadone maintenance treatment.

From June 16 to 30, 2023, men who have sex with men (MSM) who had visited Voluntary Counseling Testing (VCT) clinics in the Luohu, Futian and Nanshan districts of Shenzhen were included in this study to analyze their awareness of Mpox and the influencing factors. The mean age of the 262 MSM was (34.78±8.94) years, with the majority being unmarried (75.2%) and 79.0% confirmed to be infected with HIV. The awareness rates for five primary indicators, current status of Mpox, pathogen and source of infection, mode of transmission, population susceptibility, clinical manifestations and treatment were 68.4%, 84.7%, 60.3%, 87.8%, and 52.5%, respectively. The awareness rates for five secondary indicators, earliest transmission location (44.7%), main mode of transmission (54.2%), role of masks (46.9%), drug accessibility (46.6%), and self-limiting nature (38.2%) were all below 60%. The MSM population in Shenzhen perceived their likelihood of being infected (2.76±1.32) and discriminated against (3.87±1.26) as relatively low. The logistic analysis showed that the high school or vocational school education ( OR:3.094, 95 %CI:1.180-9.299), college or above education ( OR:5.360, 95% CI:2.159-15.501), and higher scores on questions affecting learning or work ( OR:2.196, 95% CI:1.409-3.599) were promoting factors for Mpox awareness, while higher scores on questions concerning the possibility of Mpox mortality ( OR:0.591, 95% CI:0.432-0.791) was the hindering factor for Mpox awareness.

From June 16 to 30, 2023, men who have sex with men (MSM) who had visited Voluntary Counseling Testing (VCT) clinics in the Luohu, Futian and Nanshan districts of Shenzhen were included in this study to analyze their awareness of Mpox and the influencing factors. The mean age of the 262 MSM was (34.78±8.94) years, with the majority being unmarried (75.2%) and 79.0% confirmed to be infected with HIV. The awareness rates for five primary indicators, current status of Mpox, pathogen and source of infection, mode of transmission, population susceptibility, clinical manifestations and treatment were 68.4%, 84.7%, 60.3%, 87.8%, and 52.5%, respectively. The awareness rates for five secondary indicators, earliest transmission location (44.7%), main mode of transmission (54.2%), role of masks (46.9%), drug accessibility (46.6%), and self-limiting nature (38.2%) were all below 60%. The MSM population in Shenzhen perceived their likelihood of being infected (2.76±1.32) and discriminated against (3.87±1.26) as relatively low. The logistic analysis showed that the high school or vocational school education ( OR:3.094, 95 %CI:1.180-9.299), college or above education ( OR:5.360, 95% CI:2.159-15.501), and higher scores on questions affecting learning or work ( OR:2.196, 95% CI:1.409-3.599) were promoting factors for Mpox awareness, while higher scores on questions concerning the possibility of Mpox mortality ( OR:0.591, 95% CI:0.432-0.791) was the hindering factor for Mpox awareness.

Objective To reveal the prevalence and the related factors of hepatitis B (HepB) virus infection among HIV/AIDS patients.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in two HIV clinics,affiliated to local Centers of Disease Control and Prevention in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Regional.A face-to-face interview,with questionnaire was conducted to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics,drug use,and sexual behavior.Blood samples were used to test HBsAg.x2 test or Fisher's exact test and unconditional logistic regression models were used to identify the influencing factors.Results The prevalence of HBV and HIV co-infection was 13.85％ (113/816).Results from multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that age (25-45),family history of HBV and history of HepB vaccination were independent influencing factors for HBV and HIV coinfection,with OR (95％ CI) as 1.738 (1.031-2.931),2.898 (1.678-5.005) and 1.744 (1.052-2.892),respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of HBV among HIV/AIDS patients was significantly higher than that in general population.HIV/AIDS patients aged between 25 and 45 and with family history of HBV were more likely to be infected with HBV,while HepB vaccination was associated with the reduction of HIV/HBV coinfection.Specific comprehensive prevention and treatment programs on HIV/AIDS patients need to be set up.

In recent years, the "Room Escape" industry in China is booming, and this real live game has become popular. However, health threatening events such as fire, trauma, coma, and lung infection in the game venues have been reported at home and abroad. If these venues are not supervised in time, there will be great potential public safety and health hazards. In this review, we summarized the hidden dangers of public safety and health in such venues, including fire and safety hazards, persistent stress state, indoor ventilation problems, risk of contagious infection, non-player characters’ health risk, special film effects of 4D cinemas, mosquito problems, light pollution and noise, and food safety. Meanwhile, health management recommendations for the game venues were proposed from the aspects of formulating health management standards, improving health security measures, and strengthening related health education to players, so as to improve the hygiene levels of such venues and protect players and staff from injuries or diseases.

Objective To provide a theoretical basis for radiation health supervision through an analysis of the situation of computed tomography (CT) equipment quality control and CT room radiological protection in Guangdong Province, China in recent years. Methods We collected the data of 392 times of CT quality control and radiological protection testing by a third-party radiological health technical service institution in Guangdong Province from 2019 to 2021. We analyzed the levels of CT-owning hospitals, CT manufacturers, CT quality control test results, and the pass rate of radiation protection tests. Results The examined CT scanners were from different levels of hospitals in Guangdong Province, and were manufactured by nine major CT equipment manufacturers at home and abroad. The pass rate of CT room radiological protection was 99.88%, and the ambient dose equivalent rates of five monitoring points exceeded the limit, with four at the control room door and one at the shield wall of the room. The overall pass rate of CT equipment quality control was 99.49%, and the non-conforming parameters were the accuracy of positioning light and the deviation of reconstructed slice thickness. Conclusion In recent years, CT equipment quality control and room radiation protection in Guangdong Province have been at a high level.