Objective To construct a cDNA library from Hepialus armoricanus parasitized by Cordyceps sinensi. Methods Total RNA was extracted from Hepialus armoricanus parasitized by Cordyceps sinensi and mRNA was purified, cDNA was synthesized by reverse transcription, and cDNA fragments larger than 1kb were ligated with dephosphorylated arms of pBluescriptⅡ SK(+) XR vectors. The recombinant vectors were eletroporated into DH10B.The size of cDNA inserts and the diversity of library were detected by PCR. Results The cDNA library of stroma contained 1.28?106 recombine clone,that of mycelium was 1.0?106 recombine clone. The rate of recombination of stroma was 87.5%,that of mycelium was 68.75%. The insert size ranged from 0.5 to 2 kb. Conclusion The cDNA library Hepialus armoricanus parasitized by Cordyceps sinensi has been constructed successfully.

Objective This study was to detect protein expression of ERK 1,ERK 2,JNK 1,p38 and MEK 1 ,MEK 2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent non neoplastic liver tissues.Method Western blot was used to detect the expression of ERK 1,ERK 2, JNK 1,p38 and MEK 1,MEK 2 in the surgically resected hepatocellular carcinoma and para carcinoma tissues in 16 HCC patients.[WT5”HZ] Result The expression of ERK 1,ERK 2,p38 expressed by integral optic density (IOD) in hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly higher than that in para carcinoma respectively: as for ERK 1 it was 300?98 in carcinoma and 98?48 in para carcinoma tissues ( P

Objective To investigate the relationship among the depth of midazolam induced sedation, the plasma midazolam concentration and quantified electroencephalogram(EEG) and determine the appropriate depth of sedation during regional anesthesia Methods Twenty adult ASA I II patients(male 7,female 13)scheduled for thyroid adenoma or cyst operation under cervical plexus blockade were studied The age ranged from 19 57 years [mean (46 4?9 5)yr] and weight from 40 83kg[mean (63 1?10 3)kg] Patients with liver or kidney disorders or habitually taking benzodiazepine were excluded The patients were premedicated with phenobarbital sodium 0 1g Dorsalis pedis artery was cannulated for blood sampling Besides blood pressure, heart rate and SpO 2, quantified EEG (BIS and 95%SEF) were continuously monitored and recorded Level of sedation was assessed using the modified observer's assessment of alertness/sedation (OAA/S) scale The BIS, 95%SEF and plasma midazolam concentration (Cm)were correlated with the OAA/S scores using nonparametric Spearman's rank correlation analysis Results As depth of sedation deepened from an OAA/S score of 4 to 1, BIS value decreased from 91 5?2 6 to 63 1?5 7, 95%SEF from 21 4?2 0 to 15 2?2 9 and plasma midazolam concentration increased from (120 8?55 2)ng/ml to (533 0?139 4)ng/ml BIS, 95%SEF and Cm were all well correlated with the OAA/S score The coefficients of correlation between BIS, 95%SEF, Cm and OAA/S score were 0 952,0 674 and -0 856 respectively Conclusions Cm, BIS and 95% SEF are all well correlated with the depth of midazolam induced sedation and can all be used to monitor the depth of midazolam induced sedation, but BIS is the best among them BIS value 75 82 and OAA/S score 2 3 are the most appropriate level of sedation during regional anesthesia

ve To compare the effects of coronary-artery-bypass (CAB) surgery with and without cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) on hemodynamics and the function of the grafts. Methods Thirty-five patients undergoing elective CAB surgery were studied. CAB was performed either with hypothermic CPB (n = 15) or without CPB(off-pump, n = 20) . The patients were premedicated with intramuscular pethidine 50 mg and scopolamine O.3mg. Anesthesia was induced with intravenous midazolam 5-15mg, fentanyl 5-20?g?kg and pancuronium 0.1 mg?kg-1 or pipecuronium 0.1 mg?kg-1 and maintained with iv infusion of fentanyl 6-10?g?kg-1, propofol 2-4mg?kg-1?h-1 and intermittent boluses of pancuronium, midazolam supplemented with 1%-1.5% isoflurane inhalation. In off-pump group naso-pharyngeal T?was maintained at 37.2℃ during operation. The amount of heparin used was equal to about one-third of amount used during CPB and ACT was maintained above 250 seconds. MAP was maintained at 70-90 mm Hg. While blood vessel was being grafted onto the coronary arteries heart rate was maintained at 60-80 bpm, otherwise esmolol 10-20mg was given iv every 5 min until it was satisfactorily controlled. In CPB group, during CPB naso-pharyngeal T?was maintained at 32℃-34℃, MAP at 50-70 mm Hg and blood gases and electrolytes within normal range. Right radial artery was cannulated and 7.5F Swan-Ganz catheter was inserted via internal jugular vein into pulmonary artery for hemodynamic monitoring and blood gas analysis. ECG, SpO2 were continuously monitored during operation. At the end of operation in patients with internal mammary artery used as graft, the flow rate of grafts was measured with 3mm Doppler probe.Results (1) After CAB cardiac index (CT) increased significantly in off-pump group(P0.05) . (3) There was no significant difference in the blood flow of artery graft and myocardial oxygen delivery (MDO2), and consumption ( MVO2) as well as MDO2/MVO2 between the two groups. Conclusions Off-pump CAB surgery has less effects on hemodynamics but systemic and myocardial oxygen delivery and consumption are similar between the two groups.

Objective A retrospective analysis was carried out in 3 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis associated with haemochromatosis in our hospital, to investigate the effect of surgery, radio frequency ablation (RFA) and erythroapheresis in such patients. Methods 8 operations including partial liver resection and ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic RFA were performed in 3 male patients with HCC and liver cirrhosis arising from haemochromatosis.Capecitabine was used in 2 patients. Erythroapheresis was performed in all 3 patients. Result Pathological examination showed hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis. Positive Prussian blue staining confirmed the diagnosis of haemochromatosis. The mean survival time of 3 patients was 86 months (from 39 to 154 months). Conclusion It is important to discover HCC in patients with haemochromatosis as early as possible. The curative therapy is liver transplantation and hepatic resection. For patients with recurrent HCC, the combined therapy including RFA, chemotherapy and erythroapheresis could prolong their survival.

objective: The aim of this study was to investigate effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on coronary circulation in dogs and to compare its effects with those of isoflurane. Method:Eighteen mongrel dogs were anesthetized with sodium pentothal 20mg/kg and atracurium 0.8mg/kg. After intubation, thoracotomy was performed and a 3.0 or 3.5mm pulsed Doppler flow probe was placed around the left anterior descending coronary artery. The dogs were randomly assigned to receive desflurane,sevoflurane or isoflurane with the values of MAC being 7.2%, 2.3% and 1.28%,respectively. Coronary blood flow(CBF)were recorded 20 min after the period of equilibration at the desired endtidal concentration. Result:CBF was significantly increased in desflurane and isoflurane group at giving concentrations. Unlike isoflurane,CBF in sevoflurane group decreased slightly at low concentration,but increased significantly at high concentration. Conclusion: The effects of desflurane and isoflurane on coronary circulation are similar, but those of sevoflurane and isoflurane are different.

Objective To investigate the effect of the Kolb experience learning theory applied in Surgical Nursing teaching.Methods 120 students were selected randomly and were divided into 2 groups,the observation group operated the teaching mode based on the Kolb experience learning theory,the control group operated traditional teaching.After the experiment,using the theory test,the skill test,the questionnaire survey to evaluate the teaching effectiveness.Results The two groups showed statistical difference in theory exam results,learning effect of each dimension and evaluation of teaching effect.Conclusions The teaching mode based on the Kolb experience learning theory can improve the students' interest in learning and study effect,and push forward the reform of teaching implementatiou.

Objective To investigate bile leakage prevention in laparoscopic common bile duct (CBD) choledochoscopic exploration through micro-incision approach at the cystic duct-CBD junction.Methods From August 2007 to February 2015,a total of 147 cases undergoing laparoscopic CBD choledochoscopic exploration through micro-incision approach at the cystic duct-CBD junction were included in this study.From August 2007 to November 2012,57 patients were treated with laparoseopic CBD exploration (control group).From November 2012 to February 2015,90 patients were with optimized suture method of CBD (study group).The outcomes of patients in two groups were compared,including procedure time (PT),postoperative hospitalization time (PHT),and postoperative complications.Results In control group,the bile leakage rate was 5.3％,compared to 1.1％ in study group.There were significant differences in postoperative hospitalization time(t =1.98,P =0.0007) and hile leakage rate (x2 =139.5,P =0.04)between the two groups.Conclusions The prophylaxis measurements during operation are important to prevent bile leakage in laparoscopic CBD choledochoscopic exploration through micro-incision approach,including strict indications for micro-incision operation,proper expertise for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic suturing,choledochoscopic exploration,and suturing the whole layer of CBD wall,and carefully checking the suturing spot in case of bile leakage.T-tube placement is recommended while bile leakage is suspected.

Objective To evaluate the intraoperative advantage and postoperative outcomes of threedimensional laparoscopic common bile duct (CBD) choledochoscopic exploration by micro-incision made at the cystic duct-CBD junction (LCBDEM) for gall stones and choledocholithiasis.Methods From January 2014 to December 2015,31 patients were operated under 3D LCBDEM (study group) and 37 patients under 2D LCBDEM (control group).The outcomes of patients in two groups were compared,including total procedure time (TPT),modified procedure time(MPT),suturing time(ST) and the wrong grasping per 100grasps(WG)of the LCBDEM.8 surgeons experienced in 3D LCBDEM were asked to fill in a subjective questionnaire.Results In control group,the TPT,MPT,ST and WG were (148 ± 47) min,(108 ± 42)min,(20 ±3)min and (19 ±4)per 100 grasps,respectively.In study group,the TPT,MPT,ST and WG were (148 ± 46) min,(9 1 ± 25) min,(1 8 ± 3) min and (8 ± 2) per 100 grasps,respectively.There were significant differences in MPT (t =-2.026,P ＜ 0.05),ST (t =-2.239,P ＜ 0.05) and WG (Z=-7.062,P ＜ 0.001).In subjective questionnaire survey,3D laparoscopy has advantages over 2D laparoscopy in visual and operation experience.But 3D laparoscopy made eyes more easily tired and dizzy.31 aparoscopy was inferior to 2D laparoscopy in spinning the camera around to get optimal field of vision.Conclusions 3D LCBDEM shortens procedure time and suturing time,increases operating accuracy and safety by providing high definition stereovision.