: Objective To observe the effect of femoral retrograde interlocking intramedullary nails on distal femoral fractures.Methods21 patients with distal femoral fractures who were treated with open reposition and femoral retrograde interlocking intramedullary nails were followed-up.Results18 patients were followed up.All the cases obtained bony union and good functional recovety.No knee pain,lameness or stiff knee joint was found.ConclusionFemoral retrograde interlocking intraInedullary nails result in firm fixation,fast functional recovery, and less complications in treatment of distal femoral fractures.

Randomized sampling-based questionnaire among 2000 community residents and personal contact with selected populations were conducted.Based on incidence or clinical featuxes of dermatosis and venereal diseases and recognition-related impact factor analyses,we provided evidence for community-based health education and behavior intervention.Our findings showed that itching was the most common skin disease,and fungous infection displayed an increasing trend.Viral diseases increased significantly in recent years.Patients failed to understand the skin diseases,although they partly had some misleading information about venereal diseases.Health care providers should perform more health education and behavior interventions regarding dermatosis and venereal diseases for community residents to improve their health condition or quality of life.

Objective To evaluate reliability and validity to perfect the syndrome questionnaire of osteoporosis. Methods The reliability was evaluated with Cronbach alpha and Guttman Split-half, the construct and content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated with factor analysis. Results The Cronbach alpha is from 0.365 4 to 0.852 5. The Guttman Split-half is from 0.542 9 to 0.746 5. The factor analysis had extracted 12 common factors which initial eigenvalues bigger than one. The Cumulative Proportion is 66.24%. The factors cover all the main facets of the questionnaire. Conclusion The questionnaire has its reliability and validity, and should be revised and perfected in future study.

The authors first describe their preparation for and implementation of the assessment of candidates to be fostered as leaders in various fields of learning, viz. selecting assessment methods, identifying an assessment index system, and specifying the index weight and ways to keep the score and implement the assessment. Then they give an account of the assessment results. Finally they analyze the clinical abilities and research capacities examined in the assessment and sum up their practical experience as: ①emphasis by the leading group on the creation of the right environment and mechanism for the growth of leaders in various fields of learning; ②transformation of concepts regarding the use of personnel; ③specification of the function of the assessment; ④identification of strengthened assessment as the key to guaranteeing the quality in fostering leaders in various fields of learning.

The yeast one hybrid system is the new type system deriving from the yeast two hybrid system to study the interaction between DNA and protein.The principle and the technical line of this system was briefly introduced,and the progress of this system on the research of plant transcription factor gene resistant to osmotic stress was particularly summarized,such as cloning the transcription factor genes of osmosis resistance type;confirming the interaction between known DNA and protein;making sure the localization of the confirmed DNA binding domain with the interaction;also validating the transcription activation of the transcription factor gene.Furthermore,the problems existing in this system on the research of plant transcription factor gene resistant to osmotic stress was analyzed,and the development prospect according to the research was forecasted.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of endoscopy in the diagnosis of biliary tract roundworm disease.Methods32 cases of biliary tract roundworm diseases were diagnosed and treated with fibre (electron) stomach duodenum endoscopy and fibre biliary tract endoscopy under the direct-view.Results32 cases were all clearly diagnosed and the worms were taken out with direct-view endoscopy or direct cholangiography with no complications.ConclusionEndoscopy is effective and accurate for the biliary tract roundworm disease and has the advantage of rapidly dispelling the sufferings of the patients.

Objective To investigate nasomaxlllary complex facial soft tissue changes after the treatment with maxillary protraction appliance with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion with a retruded maxilla.Methods Thirty growing subjects with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusions with maxillary retrognathism were selected and treated by facial mask(male 15,female 15,with an average age of 10.5).They were given a maxillary protraction treatment with face mask for 6-8 months.Cephalometric measurements about nasomaxillary complex soft tissue changes were analyzed to draw the statistic conclusion.Results After maxillary protraction treatment,PraY,nasofrontal angle,As-Y,UL-Y,UL-E,S-Ns-Sn increased (P ＜ 0.01) ; M-Y increased (P ＜ 0.05) ; LL-E,PosY,nasolabial angle decreased (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the Ns-Y and columella-tip angle.Conclusion After maxillary protraction treatment,nasomaxillary complex area becomes more marked.Both the nasomaxillary complex soft tissue and lower facial profile are dramatically improved.The combining effect of these two changes results in a more harmony profile.

Objective To improve the recognition of aggressive natural killer-cell leukemia(ANKL)complicating muhiple organ failure(MOF).Methods A Fare case of ANKL was reported,and the related literatures were reviewed. Results One case of ANKL was diagnosed by bone marrow morphology and immunophenotypes of CD2,CD16,CD56,who developed multiple organ failure involving in liver,kidney,heart,lung,severe metabolic acidosis,tumour lysis syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)in course of the disease and chemotherapy.VP regimen and symptomatic treatment were performed,and the disease could be stable shortly but died of the failure of lung and heart soon. Conclusion ANKL has a fulminant clinical course and diffuse infihration of tumor cells resulted in multiple organ failure with poor response to treatment and unfavorable prognosis.

Objective To explore the effect of duraphat varnish on reducing orthodontic tooth enamel demineralization around brackets.Methods We Selected 30 patients aged 12 to 14 years old in orthodontic Departrnent of Shenyang Stomatological Hospital from Jan 2011 to Dec 2013 and carried out rectification scheme to pull out the first premolar after test.The full mouth dental were divided into four parts by the quadrant and the first premolars of different groups were coated with Tooth Mousse,Fluor Protector and saline (as control group),duraphat varnish (as experimental group) respectively.Every group included 30 teeth.Three months later,We observed the demineralization of the teeth.The enamel decalcification of all quarters were detected by DI-AGNOdent.Results The rate of enamel demineralization in the experimental group was 10.0％,that in the Tooth Mousse group was 13.3％,the 0.1％ Fluor Protector group 23.3％,the saline group 53.3％.There were significant statistical difference of the rate of enamel demineralization between the Duraphat varnish group and 0.1％ Fluor Protector group,and that between the Duraphat varnish group and the saline group (P ＜ 0.01).There was no statistical difference of that between the Duraphat varnish group and the Tooth Mousse group (P ＞0.05).There were no statistical difference of DIAGNOdent reading between the experimental group and the control groups before bonding(P ＞ 0.05).After bonding,one month later and three months later,there was no statistical difference of DIAGNOdent reading between the Duraphat varnish group and the Tooth Mousse group (P ＞ 0.05).There was significant statistical difference of that between the Duraphat varnish group and 0.1％ Fluor Protector group(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Duraphat varnish can reduce the tooth enamel demineralization more effectively than 0.1％ Fluor Protector and saline in orthodontic treatment,and also can be used for children who were wearing fixed orthodontic appliances.

Objective To investigate the effect of lower limb rehabilitation training robot combined with task-oriented training on walking ability after stroke. Methods From February 2014 to August 2015,74 consecutive patients with post-stroke who received rehabilitation therapy and met the inclusion criteria admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University were collected prospectively. They were all the patients with the first-ever stroke for 1 to 12 months. They were divided into either an observation group (n = 39)or a control group (n = 35)according to whether they were treated with the lower-limb rehabilitation robot. The patients of both groups received task-oriented training,2 times a day,once for 20 min,5 days a week for 12 weeks. The observation group was also treated with the lower-limb rehabilitation training robot,1 time a day,once for 30 min,5 days a week. Berg balance scale,Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA),timed up-and-go test (TUG)and knee flexion active range of motion (KFAROM)were used to assess the efficacy. Results (1)After treatment,the Berg scale and FMA scale scores were increased in the observation group and the control group compared with before treatment. There was significant difference (Berg scale:28 ±9 vs. 22 ±9,29 ±9 vs. 24 ±9;FMA scores:47 ± 8 vs. 36 ± 8,40 ± 6 vs. 36 ± 7;all P < 0. 01),however,there was no significant difference between the two groups (P <0. 05),and there was significant difference in FMA scores between the 2 groups (P < 0. 01 ). The differences of Berg scale scores in the observation group and the control group were 10. 75 + 0. 30 and 4. 71 + 0. 14 respectively before and after treatment. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups (t = 0. 95,P = 0. 345). The differences of FMA scores in the observation group and the control group were 5. 8 ±0. 6 and 4. 9 ±0. 8 before and after treatment (t =5. 16,P <0. 01). (2)After treatment,the tug test and KFAROM of the observation group and the control group were better than those before treatment. There were significant differences (TUG test:35 ± 13 s vs. 56 ± 18 s,53 ± 17 s vs. 58 ± 18 s;KFAROM:82 ± 24° vs. 60 ± 23°,63 ± 23° vs. 57 ± 26°;all P < 0. 01),and there were significant differences between the 2 groups (all P < 0. 01). The differences of the TUG test in the observation group and the control group before and after treatment were 21. 5 ± 5. 0 and 4. 6 ± 0. 6 s respectively. There was significant difference between the 2 groups (t = 9. 55,P < 0. 01);the differences of KFAROM in the observation group and control group before and after treatment were 5.8 ±0.6° vs. 4.9 ±0.8° respectively. There was significant differences between the 2groups (t =4.17,P <0. .01). Conclusion Lower limb rehabilitation training robot combined with task-oriented training may improve the lower extremity motor function,walking ability,knee flexion joint activity of the patients after stroke,but the improvement effect of the lower limb balance is not obvious.