Objective To review the recent studies regarding etiology and management of diarrhea after liver transplantation. Methods The current related literatures about the etiology and management of diarrhea after liver transplantation were reviewed. Results There were approximately 10.00% to 35.44% recipients developed diarrhea after liver transplantation. Other symptoms such as severe body fluid and electrolyte loss, discomfort, and increase blood level of immunosuppressive drug can be caused by diarrhea as well. Clostridium difficile, cytomegalovirus, rotavirus infection and immunosuppressant were main etiological factors. It is important to find out the inducement of diarrhea and work out the corresponding management and other supportive care on the basis of the etiology. Conclusion Diarrhea is a common complication of liver transplantation whose etiology is complex. Appropriate approaches may be helpful to decrease the risk of this complication.

Objective To explore the relationship between anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal junction(APBDJ) and gallbladder carcinoma. Methods The current related literatures were reviewed.Results APBDJ was associated with gallbladder carcinoma development. A proposed mechanism was free reflux of pancreatic juice into the gallbladder and molecular alterations of gallbladder epithelial cells.Conclusion APBDJ is a high risk factor for gallbladder carcinoma. Prophylactic cholecystectomy is recommended for patients with APBDJ.

Objective To evaluate the role of computer-assisted surgical planning system in liver resection for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Between January 2010 and January 2012,21 patients with HCC who underwent liver resection were included in this study.Computer assisted operative planning was performed before surgery.Results Computer-assisted surgical planning was performed successfully in all the 21 patients.The three dimensional anatomic evaluation was precise and quantitative.The predicted liver resection volume showed a significant correlation with the actual volume,with a mean difference of 3.5％.The types of liver resection included anatomic liver resection (15 patients) and local resection (6 patients).There was a 0％ mortality and a 14.3％ morbidity (3/21).Conclusions The computer-assisted surgical planning system reliably analyzed the 3D vascular structures and predicted accurately liver resection volumes.It can help to promote precise and safe liver resection.

Calcium channels express abnormally in glioma,and play a key role in the physiological functions of glioma such as tumorigenesis,proliferation,metastasis and angiogenesis. Researches show that low or high expressions of different types of calcium channels have influence on the development of glioma and cell-cycle redistribution. Such calcium channels may represent new targets in treating glioma,which provide new ideas for controlling glioma.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR) belongs to the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptor.Three PPAR subtypes have been identified to date(PPAR?,PPAR? and PPAR?)and the relationship between PPAR? and tumor has drawn great attention.Current data showed that PPAR? agonists exert their antineoplastic effect through inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis,inducing cell apoptosis and differentiation,and reducing tumor invasive ability.PPAR? agonists may be a promising tool for cancer chemotherapy.

Objective To assess the value in detecting the tracheobronchial tree invasion by central lung cancer (CLC)using MSCT axial images and 4 kinds of images post-processed techniques.Methods 38 cases with CLC identified by fibrobrochoscopy or operation were scanned using MX8000 scanner with slice thickness of 3.2 mm, overlapping interval of 1.6 mm, pitch of 1.0. Multiplanar reformation(MPR), shaded surface display(SSD), volume rendering (VR) and virtual endoscopy(VE) were performed in all cases. Two radiologists assessed the invasion of tracheobronchial tree by CLC together.The imaging findings were compared with the data of surgery in 12 cases who were undergone operation.Results 38 cases of CLC, 0 grade to Ⅳ grade were assessed in 0,8,14,11 and 5 cases respectively by MSCT axial images, while in 0,10,11,12 and 5 cases by MSCT post-processing images. The concordance rate was 75% for MSCT axial images(n=9), and 100% for MSCT post-processing images(n=12) among 12 cases performed operation(? 2 test,? 2=6.0,P

Objective To explore the value on the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) by hemofiltration combined with Dan Sen and catheterizing drainage through laparoscope. Methods Thirty patients of SAP were divided into two groups. On the basis of routine treatment(supportive treatment,suppressing excrine of pancreas stilamin,trypsin inhibitor and antibiotics),hemofiltration,catheterizing drainage,stilamin and Dan Sen were added in group A,while only routine treatment were administered in group B. TNF,IL-6,IL-8,score of Balthazar CT and score of APACHEⅡ were studied in both groups. Results The value of TNF,IL-6,IL-8,score of Balthazar CT and score of APACHEⅡ in group A were significantly lower than those in group B(P

To guide and encourage medical students to do grass-roots work,we need to strengthen the functions of the government work and employment guidance of medical colleges.Also,we have to improve the employment system of primary health care units and help students change their concepts about employment.

Objective To explore the application value of remote blood pressure monitoring and health guidance management model in community hypertension patients.Methods 200 hypertension patients were selected from community health service institution between June 2013 and June 2016, and averagely divided into two groups by random number table, 100 cases in each group.The control group was given routine guidance, and the study group was given the remote blood pressure monitoring and online health guidance.The two groups were compared in terms of hypertension knowledge rate and compliance rate, control rate of blood pressure, physical indicators before and after management, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), serum creatinine (SCr), triglyceride (TG) and fasting blood glucose (GLU).Results The hypertension knowledge, treatment compliance rate and blood pressure control rate in the study group were 85%, 98%, 86%, and significantly higher than that of 68%, 82%, 57% (P<0.05) in the control group.Compared to the former management, the SBP, DBP, GLU and SCr of the two groups were significantly decreased, and the study group decreased more significantly (P<0.05).But there were no significant differences in BMI (P>0.05) between the two groups.Conclusion The remote blood pressure monitoring and online health guidance is useful for community hypertension patients.Hypertension knowledge awareness, medication compliance and blood pressure control rate are improved significantly, meanwhile, the patients physical examination indexes can be promoted.

ObjectiveBy analyzing the transfusion-related data using DRGs data to establish a credible evaluation system for clinical use,thereby enhancing the safe and effective clinical transfusion management.Methods Use the transfusion-related data of DRG-s,and statistical methods of EXCEL database to categorize and analyze the number of blood transfusion,hospital name,hospital type,hospital level,DRGs code and name,times of blood transfusion,volume of transfusion,etc.Results Output the statistics of the city's ratio of institutional use of blood,per capita consumption in patients,distribution and ordering of hospital based blood tranfusion,distribution and ordering of DRGs based blood transfusion,distribution and ordering of single DRGs between hospitals,annual consumption growth in different hospitals and major disease groups of blood tranfusion.ConclusionThe use of DRGs can efficiently control clinical indicators for blood transfusion and evaluate the performance of blood transfusion.it can provide a credible management tool for the health administrative departments and hospitals while offering data support for policy making of management objectives at the same time.