Purpose:To determine the efficacy and toxicity of gemcitabine plus cisplatin in anthracyclin- and taxane-pretreated patients with advanced breast cancer. Methods:Chemo-resistance was defined as no response while rece iving first-line and/or second-line chemotherapy. Patients with advanced and c hemo-resistant breast cancer, which was confirmed histologically, received gemc itabine 1,000 mg/m 2 on d1, 8 and cisplatin 25 mg/m 2 on d1-3, every 3 weeks.2 cycles were delivered at least. Results:30 female patients were enrolled in this trial. All pat ients were evaluable for response and toxicity. The median age was 46 years (ran ge, 34-58 years). After 2-4 (median, 3) cycles of chemotherapy, overall object ive response was 50.0%, with 5 CRs (Complete response 16.7%) and 10 PRs (Partial response 33.3%). Stable disease was seen in 13 patients (43.3%), and disease pr ogression in 2 patiens (6.7%). Toxicities included myelosuppression and gastroin testinal reaction mainly. Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ toxicites developed in 50% patients. Ther e were no treat-related deaths. The median follow-up time was 12.5 (range: 2- 48) months. Median overall survival was 14 months, and median time to progressio n was 10 months. Conclusions:These data indicate that the combination of gemcita bine and cisplatin is an effective treatment for heavily pretreated breast cance r patients with manageable toxicity.

Purpose:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the second-line treatment in patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods:23 patients with histologically and /or cytologically confirmed advanced NSCLC were treated with docetaxel(taxotere) 75mg/m 2 on d1 every 3 weeks. All patients had received prior platinum-containing chemotherapy and relapsed or progressed after receiving one prior chemothergpy regimen. Results:23 patients were available for evaluation: partial response (PR) was 17% (4/23), stable disease(SD)and progressive disease(PD) was 57% (13/23) and 26% (6/23), respectively, there was no complete response (CR). The response rate was 17% (4/23) and the median survival of all patients was 9 months .one -year survival rate was 39% (9/23) . Hematologic toxicity was the main side effect, and they were well tolerated. Conclusions:Taxotere as second-line treatment of NSCLC is effective, and toxicity is tolerated.

0.05). For the toxicity,Neutropenia and anemia were common in the three regimens. Thrombocytopenia was significantly mild on the NP regimen. For the PC regimen,gastrointestinal toxicity and nephrotoxicity were mostly mild,and peripheral neurotoxicity was most common. Conclusions:Efficacy was not significantly different between the three investigated regimens. These regimens could be use as first-line chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC. Toxicities of these regimens were different,so clinicians should apply the chemotherapy according to individual characteristics of patients.

Objective: To explore the clinical features of hypokalemic periodic paralysis, and compare clinical features of primary group with those of thyrotoxicosis secondary group. Methods: Clinical data of 44 patients with hypokalemic periodic paralysis in Peking University First Hospital from 1996 December to 2008 December were retrospectively analyzed. Results: There were 22 patients in primary group, and 22 in thyrotoxicosis group. Identical clinical features of both the groups; (1 ) It had a predilection in young men. (2)Main symptoms were limb movement disorder and fatigue, and paralysis recurrent attacked in most patients. (3) 40. 9% to 68. 2% patients had obvious incentives, and the common ones were a heavy meal, sweet drinks, or strenuous'exercise. (4) Serum potassium levels of the two groups were obviously lower than the normal range. (5) In 20% patients of primary group and 25% patients of thyrotoxicosis secondary group, CK levels were higher than normal, while LDH and HBDH levels were normal.(6) The doses of potassium replishment were not correlated to serum potassium levels at the onset. Different clinical features of the two groups; (1) Patients of thyrotoxicosis group had hypermetabolism symptoms and thyroid dysfunction. Patients of primary group had no hypermetabolism symptoms, and all of them were euthyroid. (2) Serum potassium levels of thyrotoxicosis secondary group were lower than those of primary group significantly [(2.25±.67) vs (2.78±.49) mmol/L, P=0;007]. (3) Hyperkalemia is easier than primary group to rebound in thyrotoxicosis secondary group, after replenishment of potassium. Conclusion: Hypokalemic periodic paralysis has its clinical features, and patients with early diagnosis and replenishment of potassium in time have good prognosis. The doses of potassium replenishment are not determined by serum potassium levels at the onset. Hyperkalemia is easier to rebound in thyrotoxicosis secondary group after replenishment of potassium, serum potassium levels should be monitored closely, and hyperthyrosis radically cured.

Objective To study the effects of psychological stress on breast development and abnormal levels of related hormones or their receptors in pregnant rats .Methods Pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and ex-perimental group.The experimental group rats were given unpredictable stress stimuli for 15 days, including noise, restraint, re-versal of day and night , swimming in cold water and tail pinch-induced pain.Gross changes of the breast were observed , the di-ameter and height of breast nipple was measured, and breast coefficient was calculated.DNA and RNA levels in the breast tis-sues were determined by optical density measurement.The estrogen (E2), progesterone (P), growth hormone (GH) and prolac-tin (PRL) levels in plasma and breast tissues were determined by radioimmunoassay.Bmax and Kd of estradiol and progesterone receptors were measured by radolig and bindng assay .Morphological changes of the breast tissues were examined by light micros-copy using HE staining.Results Compared with the control group, the nipple diameter and height, breast weight and breast co-efficient were significantly decreased in the experimental group (P<0.05, P<0.01), the levels of DNA, RNA and RNA/DNA ratio in the breast tissue were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), the levels of plasma E2, P and GH were significant-ly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), the levels of E2 and GH in the breast tissue homogenate were decreased also (P<0.05, P<0.01), the Bmaxs of E2 receptor and P receptor were decreased, but their Kds increased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the number of lobules and diameter of acini were significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusions Psychological stress can lead to breast dysplasia and abnormal levels of estrogen and progesterone and their receptors in pregnant rats .

Objective To explore the risk factors and seek effective intervention of intracranial hemorrhage in the premature in-fants .Methods Clinical data of the premature infants in our hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 was retrospectively ana-lysed and single factor analysis of 20 relevant factors was done for cases with intracerebral haemorrhage and without intracerebral haemorrhage .Logistic regression analysis were done for some influence factors of intracranial hemorrhage .Results 1 726 cases of premature babies were included in the study ,including 264 cases of intracranial hemorrhage .Logistic regression analysis results shown that the neonatal transport network and integrated active transport models are protective factors of intracranial hemorrhage in the premature infant .We found that basic-level hospital transport was an independent risk factor .Between January 2009 and De-cember 2011 ,142 of 714 premature infants were intracranial hemorrhage ,including 88 cases from 348 patients transported from bas-ic-level hospital ,the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage was 25 .29% ,and compared with the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage (14 .75% ) of our hospital ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .From January 2012 ,we established perfect neonatal transport network and implementation of comprehensive active transport model .122 of 1 012 premature infants were intracranial hemorrhage ,including 75 cases of 490 patients from basic-level hospitals .The incidence was statistically significant different com-pared with the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage(9 .00% ) transported from our hospital(P<0 .05) .The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in the premature infants transported from basic-level hospitals were statistically different before and after neonatal transport network and comprehensive active transport model was established (P<0 .01) .Conclusion It will effectively reduce the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in the premature infant by establishing the perfect regional neonatal three-level network trans-port system and comprehensive active transport models .

【Objective】To observe the effect of Guyanding(GYD)decoction,a prescription with the actions of tonifying kidney,strengthening Qi and activating blood on proliferation of vascular endothelial cells(VEC).【Methods】New Zealand rabbits were randomized into blank control groups and GYD decoction groups in the dosages of 2.5,5 and 10g/kg respectively.GYD in the dosage of 10g/kg was given to rats for 7 successive days,and blood sampling was collected 0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3,3.5 and 4 hours after the last administration to prepare serum containing GYD.Then human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured with serum containing GYD,and the effects of GYD-containing serum at different time points on the proliferation of VEC were observed by methylthiazolyltetrazolium(MTT)assay.GYDcontaining serum collected 2h after the last administration was partially inactivated and its effect on VEC proliferation was compared with that of non-inactivated GYD-containing serum.Meanwhile,the effect of non-inactivated GYD-containing serum on VEC proliferation was observed 12,24 and 36 hours after the culturing.GYD in three different dosages was given to rats for 7 successive days,and serum containing GYD collected 2h after the last administration was prepared to observe the effect of GYD in different doses on VEC proliferation.【Results】Serum containing high-dose GYD collected 0.5～4h after the administration had obvious effect in promoting VEC proliferation(P

Objective To analyze the characteristics of PHPT patients of our hospital.Methods Retrospective analyze 82 PHPT patients who hospitalized in our hospital from 1974 to 2006,male 41,female 41,age 16～83 years,course 1 month～40 years.All of the final diagnosis was PHPT clinically,while 67 were confirmed by pathology.Results (1)The number of diagnosed PHPT patients was increasing year by year,the cases diagnosed in 2002—2006 were more than the sum of past years.(2)The first visit department was widespread for PHPT patients,up to 47.6% went to urology department firstly,while only 24% went to endocrinology department.(3)Clinical presentation:42.7% patients presented simple urinary system calculus,15.9% ostalgia with urinary system calculus,17.1% simple ostalgia,while 20.7% with pathologic fracture,and 7.3% chronic renal failure,3.6% peptic ulcer,2.4% chronic pancreatitis.69.5% occurred typical hypercalcinemia and hypophosphatemia,30.5% revealed hypophosphatemia chiefly.(4)The coincidence rate between the examinations preoperation and pathology:B type ultrasound 64.5%,CT scan 37.3%,99m Tc-MIBI scan 90%.(5)Pathology presentation:73% single adenoma,17.9% hyperplasia,2.9% adenoma with hyperplasia,1.5% carcinoma,other 4.5% only seen some parathyroid tissue.Conclusion PHPT patients have various clinical presentation,so there are generally missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.we should investigate serum calcium,phosphate and PTH level to exclude PHPT.

Objective To determine the clinical value of an incision made at the areola mammae and pressure closure of residual cavity technology applied to remove benign breast lumps .Methods 2 264 patients from January 2006 to May 2012 were performed using an incision made at the areola mammae for removing benign breast lumps and a pressure bandage to close the residual cavity in our department .The therapeutic results were evaluated through follow-up .Results All the benign breast lumps were resected safely and completely .The diameter of the single lump was 0 .5-8 .0 cm and the number of lesions was 1-42 .The mean operative time was 37 min(5-162 min) .There was minimum scar formation on breast ,the outline of the breast was maintained ,the rate of generating gelosis was 25 .4% ,the mean time of developing gelosis was 29 days(18 -40 days) ,and the rate of satisfaction was 98 .4% .No sever complications were found .Conclusion The technique in which an incision made at the areola mammae and pres-sure closure of residual cavity technology was applied to remove benign breast lumps is single ,safe and feasible surgical procedure with cosmetic results in clinical application .

Objective To study the distribution of surfactant protein A2 (SP-A2) haplotype and its association with preterm respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) susceptibility in a local Chinese cohort.Methods Using population base and case-control study cohorts,genotyping for four single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was performed,rs1059046,rs17886395,rs1965707,rs1965708,in 80 term infants,50 preterm infants with RDS (RDS group) and 50 preterm infants without RDS(control group) by using TaqMan (R) real-time polymerase chain reaction.Infants in RDS group and control group were matched according to gender and gestational age.Frequency of each haplotype was compared between preterm infants with RDS and without RDS,term infants and preterm infants without RDS.Results Most common haplotypes in term infants were 1A0,1A5,1A1.In each preterm infants groups with RDS and without RDS,1A0,1 A5,1 A1 were also the most common haplotypes.Among these three common haplotypes,frequency of 1A0 was lower in preterm infants,including RDS group and control group,than that in term infants.No significant difference was found between preterm groups with RDS and without RDS (P ＞ 0.05),neither in preterm infants with gestational age ≥32 or ＜ 32 weeks.Haplotype 1A0 frequency(0.542) in term infants was significantly higher than that in preterm infants ＜ 32 weeks without RDS (0.329) (x2 =6.06,P =0.01).Conclusions SP-A2 haplotype distribution in a local Chinese population shows ethnic characteristics to some extent.Only SP-A2 does not contribute to the susceptibility for preterm RDS.