Intrabeam,a newly developed intraoperative radiotherapy in recent years,has many advantages such as accurate positioning,small size,easy to move and requiring a lower of protection.It is widely used in the treatment of breast cancer,colorectal cancer,lung cancer,bone metastases tumors and other malignancies.Intrabeam as a new way of intraoperative radiotherapy,is expected to provide more options for the treatment of a variety of neoplasms.

To guide and encourage medical students to do grass-roots work,we need to strengthen the functions of the government work and employment guidance of medical colleges.Also,we have to improve the employment system of primary health care units and help students change their concepts about employment.

Aim To establish a new,multi-parameter,real time and qualitative cell migration evaluation method.Methods Lung cancer cell line A549 was cultured on the glass bottom dish.After treated with different dosages of berberine or Rg3 for 24 hours,several scratching lines at the same dimension were made and observed by Living Cell Working Station.8 observation areas were selected randomly and imaged continuously for 24 hours.Transferred Area(TA),Transferred Distance(TD),Single Cell Transferred Speed(SCTS)and the Cell Division Number among defined area(CDN)were analyzed after getting sequence images.Results The focus stage and the incubation system were sufficient to keep cell proliferation and made it possible for long term observation.Berberine at 25 μmol·L~(-1) and 12.5 μmol·L~(-1) could inhibit the migration of A549(P<0.01).The analysis results of TA,TD,SCTS and CDN were basically coincident.Rg3 at 0.1 mmol·L~(-1) could inhibit SCTS and promote CDN in 6,12 and 24 h(P<0.01),while decrease both TA and TD in 24 hs.Conclusion The method is sensitive,rapid and simple to be applied in the research of tumor metastasis,wound healing and inflammatory response with real time,in-situ and multi-parameters.

According to the work goals and tasks determined by edition outline of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 Edition, the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 has been completed. Among them, 52 new pharmaceutical excipients monographs have been added, and the total number has reached 387. 245 pharmaceutical excipients monographs have been revised, of which 109 monographs have only textual revisions and 136 monographs have substantive revisions. This article focuses on the general framework and the main characteristics of the standards of pharmaceutical excipients in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025, which can contribute to accurately understand and utilize the standards in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

According to the work goals and tasks determined by edition outline of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 Edition, the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 Edition has been completed. Among them, 52 new pharmaceutical excipients monographs have been added, an increase of 15.5% compared with the 2020 Edition, and the total number has reached 387. This article focuses on the general framework and the main characteristics of the standards of pharmaceutical excipients in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 Edition, which can contribute to accurately understand and utilize the standards in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Abstract:Objective To study the structure and function of a novel serine protease gene associated with human colorectal cancer SNC19.Methods The cDNA sequence was determined by both manual and automatic sequencing techniques. The full length cDNA sequence was obtained by the 5'-Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends technique and web-based analysis. Open reading frame analysis and protein function prediction were also performed. Northern blot was used to detect the expression of SNC19 in various human normal tissues and tumor cell lines. Fluorescent in situ hybridization combined with fluorescent R-banding technique was employed to map the SNC19 gene on human chromosome.Results Full length SNC19 cDNA, size 3152 bp, encodes a protein highly homologous to a mouse serine protease epithin. In normal human tissues, high SNC19 expression levels were observed in the kidney, pancreas, prostate, small intestine and colon; moderate SNC19 expression levels were observed in the placenta, lung, liver, spleen thymus, testis and peripheral blood lymphocytes; and extremely low expression levels were observed in the heart, brain, skeletal muscle and ovary. In tumor cell lines, colorectal cancer cells SW480, SW620, SW1116 and Colo205, breast cancer cell Bcap37 and gastric cancer cells MKN28 and SGC7901 showed high levels of SNC19 expression; cervical cancer cell HeLa-S3, lung cancer PAA, oral epithelial cancer cell KB and lymphoma cell Raji showed moderate levels of SNC19 expression; and tongue squamous cancer cell Tca8113, leukemia cells HL-60, K562, MOLT-4, lung cancer cell A549 and melanoma cell G361 showed very low levels of SNC19 expression. SNC19 was mapped to human chromosome 11q24-25. Conclusion SNC19 encodes a novel human serine protease with 855 amino acid residues. As a novel serine protease associated with human colorectal cancer, the expression of SNC19 in various tissues and cell lines may have very important impact on their phenotypes and biological behaviors.

OBJECTIVETo establish a new, real time, dynamic and direct optical detection method for mast cell degranulation caused by anaphylactoid reaction.

METHODA CD63-GFP plasmid was constructed and introduced steadily into rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. The movements of CD63-GFP, which was located on both the granule membranes and the plasma membranes of RBL cells stimulated by Compound 48/80, were studied by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and total internal reflection fluorescence microscope (TIRFM) both inside and on the surface of living RBL-2H3 cells.

RESULTBefore antigen stimulation, most granules with CD63-GFP hardly moved in RBL cells. However, after antigen stimulation, the granules moved dramatically. They reached the plasma membranes in a few minutes and fused with them instantaneously. The velocity of the granule movement toward the plasma membranes on antigen stimulation was calculated to be 0.05 micron x s(-1).

CONCLUSIONAnalysis of the movement of each granule provided a new insight into the elementary process of degranulation. The method is rapid, sensitive and reliable, which could be used as a new detection method for anaphylactoid reaction in vitro.

Anaphylaxis ; diagnosis ; immunology ; metabolism ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; genetics ; Cell Degranulation ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Mast Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins ; genetics ; Rats ; Tetraspanin 30 ; Time Factors

Objective:To study the use of three-dimensional reconstruction in preoperative evaluation of complicated hepatic echinococcosis in Tibet.Methods:Sixty patients with complex hepatic hydatidosis admitted to the People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region from April 2020 to August 2020 and planned to undergo radical hepatectomy were enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled study. The patients were randomly divided into the preoperative CT group and preoperative 3D reconstruction group by computer generated random numbers, with 30 patients in each group. Those with odd random numbers were enrolled in the preoperative CT group, and those with even random numbers were enrolled in the preoperative 3D reconstruction group. According to the imaging results, the operation plan was developed, and the coincidence rates of the preoperation plan with intraoperative decision, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results:There were 27 males and 33 females, aged (40.7±12.7) years. In the preoperative CT group, 53.3% (16/30) of the operation carried out were consistent with the preoperative planned operations. The corresponding figure for the preoperative 3D reconstruction group was 86.7% (26/30). The difference between the two groups was significant ( P<0.05). In the preoperative CT group, the operative time was (220.0±32.3) min, the intraoperative blood loss was (523.0±47.1) ml, the number of patients requiring hepatic blood inflow occlusion was 25 (83.3%), and the time of hepatic blood inflow occlusion was (32.1±5.8) min. In the preoperative 3D reconstruction group, the operative time was (156.0±17.6) min, the intraoperative blood loss was (212.0±21.5) ml, the number of patients requiring of hepatic blood inflow occlusion was 15 (50.0%), and the time of hepatic blood inflow occlusion was (16.2±3.4) min. The differences between the two groups were also significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction of complex hepatic echinococcosis in Tibet effectively improved the safety of surgery.

Objective To explore the accurate positioning of Kawase triangle area via intradural anterior subtemporal transpetrosal approach. Methods On 14 dry skulls, the highest point of arcuate eminence (A), the junction of lateral margin of petrous ridge and anterior margin of transverse sinus (J), the petrous apex (P), the outermost point of sulcus nervi petrosi superficialis majoris (B), the outermost point of foramen spinosum (C), the outermost point of foramen ovale (D), the outermost point of trigeminal notch (E), and the outermost point of foramen lacerum (F) were marked. The distances of JA, JB, JC, JD, JE and JF were measured using point J as reference point. Using the line (JP) between point J and point P as the baseline, the angles of baseline with JA, JB, JC, JD, JE, and JF were measured. Results There were no significant differences in the distances of JA, JB, JC, JD, JE and JF between the left and right sides (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the angles of the baseline with JA, JB, JC, JD, JE, and JF between left and right sides (P>0.05). Conclusion Using point J and the baseline JP as referent indexes, bony structures can be precisely located via intradural anterior subtemporal transpetrosal approach to orientate the Kawase triangle area; this method can insure rapid, accurate and safe drilling of anterior petrosal bone and exposing of petroclival region.

Objective To explore the causal relationship between abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue volume(ASAT)measured by MRI and cardiovascular disease risk with Mendelian randomization(MR).Methods Genome-wide association study(GWAS)data for ASAT measured by MRI were provided by the IEU OpenGWAS project,while GW AS data for cardiovascular disease came from the Finngen database.The primary analysis method employed was the inverse variance weighted(I VW)method.Additional MR analysis methods,included MR-Egger regression,weighted median(WME),simple mode method,and weighted model method.Heterogeneity,horizontal pleiotropy and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis were conducted to verify the robustness of the results and funnel plots were used to verify the evaluation.Scatter plots were used to visualize the causal relationship between ASAT and cardiovascular disease.Results There was a causal relationship between ASAT and the risk of ischemic heart disease(IHD)[odds ratio(OR)1.126,95％confidence interval(CI)1.042-1.217,P=0.003)],heart failure(HF)(OR 1.145,95％CI 1.024-1.281,P=0.017),and hypertension(OR 1.096,95％CI 1.014-1.184,P=0.021),but there was no significant causal relationship with cardiac arrest(CA)(P＞0.05).Heterogeneity was observed in the analysis of ASAT with IHD(Cochran's Q=53.467,P=0.018),HF(Cochran's Q=54.761,P=0.013),and hypertension(Cochran's Q=55.321,P=0.002).Further horizontal pleiotropy MR-Egger intercept tests and funnel plots indicated no horizontal pleiotropy in MR analysis(P＞0.05).Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis results demonstrated the robustness of the study findings.Conclusion There is a causal relationship between ASAT measured by MRI and the risk of IHD,HF,and hypertension.This highlights the need for clinical practitioners to pay attention to the cardiovascular disease risk in obese patients,especially those with abdominal obesity.