Objective To study the effect of ATRA and IFN? on growth and differentiation of SH-SY5Y cell line and the possible molecular mechanisms.Methods The expression of TrkA mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.Trypan blue exclusion was used to detect the antiproliferative effect of ATRA,IFN?and ATRA +IFN? on SY5Y cells.Morphologic changes were observed using phase-contrast microscopy.Results TrkA mRNA was upregulated by ATRA and IFN?.ATRA and IFN? could induce morphological differentiation and inhibit growth of SY5Y cells.The combination of ATRA+IFN? enhanced the induced differentiation and growth inhibition of SY5Y cells.Conclusion Synergistic effects of ATRA and IFN? on growth inhibition and inducing differentiation in SY5Y cells are observed and this may result from upregulating the expression of TrkA mRNA.

Objective:To investigate the clinical prognosis and influencing factors of patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated by salvage surgery.Methods:A total of 78 patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma underwent salvage surgery in Jincheng Second People's Hospital of Shanxi Province from January 2017 to January 2022 were included retrospectively. Postoperative complications were recorded. Logstic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of survival after 5 years of salvage surgery, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of various influencing factors on the survival of patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma after 5 years of salvage surgery.Results:The incidence of complications after salvage surgery in 78 patients was 21.79% (17/78) . The median total survival time was 20.5 months. There were 21 deaths 5 years after operation. Univariate analysis showed that the age of salvage surgery ( χ2=30.25, P<0.001) , location of recurrent tumor ( χ2=8.72, P=0.013) , surgical margin status ( χ2=6.93, P=0.008) , depth of tumor invasion ( χ2=8.31, P=0.004) and whether to accept radiotherapy (chemotherapy) after salvage operation ( χ2=4.24, P=0.040) were all related to the survival of patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma after 5 years of salvage surgery. Multivariate analysis showed that the status of the surgical margin ( OR=26.26, 95% CI: 4.58-150.62, P<0.001) , the depth of tumor invasion ( OR=14.03, 95% CI: 3.04-64.70, P<0.001) and whether to accept radiotherapy (chemotherapy) after the salvage surgery ( OR=7.73, 95% CI: 1.68-35.54, P=0.008) were independent factors affecting the survival of patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma after 5 years of salvage surgery. The ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity of surgical margin status, tumor invasion depth and whether to accept radiotherapy (chemotherapy) after salvage surgery to predict the survival of patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma after 5 years of salvage surgery were 84.15%, 79.60% and 76.43% respectively, and the specificity were 76.03%, 83.51% and 69.46% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of combined prediction of the three indicators were 92.74% and 77.98% respectively. Conclusion:The overall prognosis of hypopharyngeal squanous cell carcinoma patients after salvage surgery is satisfactory. Positive surgical margin, tumor invasion of muscle, bone tissue or lymph node capsule, and no radiotherapy or chemical therapy after salvage surgery are closely related to poor prognosis. Meanwhile, the combination of surgical margin status, tumor invasion and adjuvant treatment after salvage surgery has good efficacy in predicting postoperative survival benefit of patients.

Objective To evaluate the effect of parathyroid hormone(1-34) [PTH(1-34)] and coralline hydroxyapatite(CHA) on bone regeneration of peri-implant bone defects.Methods Two implant sites were prepared on both sides of tibia in 8 mongrel dogs.The bone defect was created along one bone wall of each implant site.Implants were implanted into the implant sites,then CHA was grafted into the bone defects.After surgery,the animals were randomly divided into two groups.PTH(1-34) (40 μg/kg) was used for subcutaneous injection to the experimental group for three consecutive days,meanwhile the same amount of saline was given to the control group.Half of the animals of each group were sacrificed after 4 weeks and 8 weeks respectively.Specimens were subjected to implant pull-out strength tests,X-ray picture and histological observation.Results The bone density of bone defects in the experimental group were higher than that in the control group.No low-density images was observed between the implants and bone at 4 weeks and 8 weeks.The maximum pull-out force value of the experimental group(199.8 N,411.5 N) was higher at 4 weeks and 8 weeks than that of the control group(100.1 N,184.5 N) (P＜0.05).The pull-out force value of the experimental group at 4 weeks and the pull-out force value of the control group at 8 weeks were similar.The new bone trabecular around CHA of experimental group was thicker at 4 weeks.Implant surface contacted to the new bone directly without fiber.CHA granules of the experimental group at 8 weeks were fewer than that of the control group.New bone tissue of the experimental group was denser.The contact area between implant surface and new bone was wider in experimental group than in the control group.Conclusions PTH(1-34) and CHA can promote bone regeneration of peri-implant bone defects,shorten the implants and bone healing cycle and improve the implants osseointegration.

Objective: To analyze the genetic characteristics of a five generations pedigree with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH). Methods: Prospective study. Twenty family members included a proband diagnosed as familial hyperlipidemia at the cardiology Department of Xi′an Children′s Hospital in October 2018 were research object. Clinical data were collected. Genome DNAs were extracted. Whole exons sequencing was performed on the proband using target capture next generation sequencing. Candidate gene mutation sites identified by bioinformatics were verified by Sanger sequencing in the family members. The genotype-phenotype correlation of the pedigree was analyzed between heterozygous mutation carriers and non-carriers. Results: The proband was a 7-years and 10-month-old boy. He was born with a roundgreen bean size yellow skin protuberance in the skin of the coccyx. Since the age of 3-4 years old, xanthoma-like lesions with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm gradually appeared in the skin of bilateral elbow joints, knee joints and Achilles tendon. The height, weight and intellectual development of the child were the same as those of normal children at the same age. No similar xanthoma-like lesion was found in the other family members. The proband′s total cholesterol (TC) reached 18.16-21.24 mmol/L, and his low density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C) was 14.08-15.51 mmol/L. Carotid ultrasonography showed diffuse sclerotic plaques in bilateral carotid and vertebral arteries, and color Doppler echocardiography revealed aortic valve thickening and calcification. Gene testing identified that the proband carried a homozygous mutation C. 418G>A (p. E140K) in LDLR gene inherited from his parents who had a consanguineous marriage and carried a heterozygous mutation of LDLR-E140K, respectively.The TC, LDL-C and apolipoproteinB (ApoB) of LDLR-E140K gene heterozygous carriers ((8.40±0.13), (6.79±0.01) and (1.95±0.05) mmol/L, respectively) were significantly higher than those of non-carriers ((4.59±0.28), (3.35±0.39) and (0.86±0.10) mmol/L, t=7.269, 4.595, 6.311, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions LDLR-E140K gene homozygous mutation is first reported to be associated with most severe phenotype HoFH. The genotype-phenotype analysis of the pedigree shows that the clinical phenotype of the proband with homozygous mutation is the most serious, and all the heterozygous mutation carriers present with hypercholesterolemia phenotype. The investigation confirms that LDLR-E140K is the pathogenic variation of familial hyperlipidemia.