Objective To test the anti-virus effect of inner silvered fiber and the influencing factors. Methods Under the given condition, the inactivation tests were conducted with the inner silvered fiber and virus suspension in which the polioviruses were used as the experimental subjects and HeLa Cells as the host cells. TCID50 was calculated before and after the inactivation in order to determine the virus-killing rate. Results The virus-killing rates of inner silvered fiber, exposed to the fluorescent lamp light at 37 ℃, for 5, 10, 30 and 60 minutes, were 73.10%, 96.84%, 99.99% and greater than 99.99% respectively, whereas in the dark, 37 ℃ for 30 minutes, the virus-killing rates was 78.47%. Conclusion Inner silvered fiber has a good efficiency of anti-virus.

OBJECTIVETo understand the characteristics and retention situation of clients in extension clinic of methadone maintenance therapy.

METHODSFrom December 20, 2010 to March 10, 2011, the system sampling method was used to get the cases. A total of 462 heroin addicts from 22 methadone maintenance therapy clinics and extension clinics located in Mangshi, Ruili, Longchuan, Yingjiang, Lianghe of Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province were interviewed, and the demographic characteristics, quality of life, urine testing results for morphine of the patients between the extension MMT clinic and standard MMT clinic were also collected and compared. A cohort study was conducted to analyze retention situation of the new clients with Kaplan Meier method during 9 months treatment.

RESULTSOf the 462 cases, 239 cases were from standard MMT clinic, and 223 cases were from the extension MMT clinic. Among them, 117 cases were new research objects into the group during the investigation. Among the clients of extension MMT clinic, 96.7% (147/152) of them were males, 37.5% (57/152) were Dai nationality, and 61.2% (93/152) were married, 38.8% (59/152) with primary school education, 95.4% (145/152) lived with their family or relatives, 96.7% (147/152) could arrive at the clinic from their habitation within 15 minutes. The positive detection rates 72% (13/18), 71% (24/34), 58% (30/52), 29% (15/52), 14% (6/44), 14% (4/29), 15% (5/34), 17% (6/35), 6% (2/33), 16% (5/31) of urine-morphine testing among new clients of extension MMT clinics decreased as the period of treatment lengthened (χ(2) = 61.04, P < 0.05). The period of retention of the clients in extension MMT clinics was 175-days averagely, with an average retention 122 days of when withdrawing. The retention rates of the clients were 52% (37/71)and 61% (28/46) at 9th month of the extension MMT clinics and standard MMT clinics respectively. There was no difference in the retention rate between those of two types of clinics (χ(2) = 0.82, P = 0.37) .

CONCLUSIONMost of the clients in extension MMT clinics lived with their family or relatives, and spent less time on the way to the clinics. After 9 months methadone maintenance therapy, the quality of life of clients in extension clinics was improved while addiction among them decreased. The extension clinic was an effective strategy for retention in remote areas.

China ; Cohort Studies ; Demography ; Heroin Dependence ; Humans ; Male ; Methadone ; Opiate Substitution Treatment ; Quality of Life ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To analyze the immunological effect and its influencing factors of HAART on HIV/AIDS with a baseline CD4 of less than 350 cells/mm³ in Hubei Province during 2011-2020. Methods The treatment information of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) was collected through China Disease Control and Prevention Information System, and the change of CD4 mean value was analyzed by Wilcoxon sign rank sum test. Chi square test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the factors influencing the immunological effect. Results The mean value of CD4 cell count at baseline was (172.78±107.65) cells/mm3 before treatment and (398.85±206.71) cells/mm³ in the fifth year after treatment. Patients with baseline CD4<50 /mm3 had the largest increase in CD4 mean value after treatment (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Age ≥35 years, heterosexual transmission, time interval from diagnosis to treatment≥1 month, baseline CD4<50 /mm3, treatment time 7-<18 months, and drug failure were the risk factors for the success of antiviral therapy(P<0.05). Conclusion The immunological effect of HIV/AIDS antiviral therapy in Hubei Province is affected by many factors. It is necessary to strengthen the implementation of early detection and early treatment strategy and promote treatment compliance education for patients aged ≥35 years.