OBJECTIVE: To study the problems following implantation of nondegradable drug eluting stent, and to investigate the biocompatibility of degradable stent. METHODS: Articles were retrieved from CNKI and Pubmed with the key words of "degradable, drug-eluting stent, compatibility" in both Chinese and English from January 1999 to June 2009. Indicators including biocompatibility, endothelialization degree of coronary artery, and incidence of in-stent restenosis were evaluated. Articles related to degradable drug eluting stent were included, while articles related to other types of stent were excluded. RESULTS: Among 236 articles, 33 articles were included in the final analysis. Recently, drug stents consist of nondegradable polymer, which will be ageing and falling into small blocks in the vessels and may induce adverse effect, following long-term human body corrosion. However, degradable materials may reduce onset of adverse effect in later stage. Degradable stent may temporarily support vessel wall, smoothly keep blood flow, inhibit thrombosis in an eedy stage and newbom endomembrane proliferation in later stage, and effectively prevent acute vascular occlusion and reduce incidence of restenosis following stent implantation. CONCLUSION: Compared with nondegradable stent, degradable drug eluting stent has a great biocompatibility and a hopeful perspective.

Objective To observe the effects of ?1-receptor antagonist Urapidil on the size of myocardial infarction and arrhythmias in the rats model of ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) and to investigate the dose-effect relationship.Methods One hundred Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 20 rats each: sham operation group,I/R group and therapy group(Urapidil 3 mg/kg,6 mg/kg,12 mg/kg).Ten rats in each group were subjected to 10 min of left anterior descending branch of coronary artery ligation and 15 min of reperfusion and Urapidil was injected 5 min before the ligation.The ventricular arrhythmias of ischemia-reperfusion was observed.The other 10 rats in each group were subjected to 30 min of left anterior descending branch of coronary artery ligation and 40 min of reperfusion.Urapidil was injected 15 min before blood circulation was regained.The content of serumal enzyme and the myocardial infarct size were observed.Results Compared with the I/R group,the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias was lower and the duration of arrhythmias was significantly shorten,as well as the incidence of ventricular fibrillation(VF) and mortality was lower with the treatment of Urapidil in the therapy group.The result showed that the effect of Urapidil was of dose dependent.The release of serumal enzyme resulted from ischemia-reperfusion injury was reduced in therapy group than that of I/R group and there was no significant difference among the different dosages in the therapy group.The myocardial infarct size was significantly lower in the therapy group than that of I/R group and there was no obvious difference among the different dosages in the therapy group.Conclusion There is protective effect on the ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats with the treatment of urapidil with the dosage of 3,6 and 12 mg/kg respectively.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between emotion variability and assessment of psychiat-ric symptoms in middle school students,and validate that by structure equation modeling.Method:A total of 129 junior middle school students aged 13 -15 years were selected and assessed with the SCL-90 scale for psychiatric symptoms,the Adolescent Daily Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ADERQ)for emotion regulation strategies, daily reconstruction method (DRM)for emotion variability during two weeks.Results:The students had higher positive emotion score than negative emotion score [(2.7 ±0.7)vs.(1.4 ±0.3),P <0.001],and higher negative emotion variability than positive emotion variability [(0.4 ±0.1 )vs.(0.3 ±0.1 ),P =0.012].Positive emotion variability and negative emotion variability were positively correlated with total scores of SCL-90 (r =0.34,0.24;Ps <0.001).Structural equation modeling revealed positive emotion variability,negative emotion variability and e-motion regulation strategy of cognitive appraisal had a direct effect on psychiatric symptoms (the path coefficient were 0.21,0.28,-0.24;Ps <0.001),cognitive immersed strategy had a direct effect on psychiatric symptoms and negative emotion variability(the path coefficient was 0.14,0.13,P =0.037,P =0.041).Conclusions:It suggests that both negative emotion variability and positive emotion variability play an important role in psychiatric symp-toms.

A variety of opportunistic infections can occur in the late-stage of HIV-1 infection,Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is a common cause of disseminated bacterial infection. Since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART),the rate of MAC infection has declined substantially,but there is risk in individuals with low CD4 cell counts. This article describes the epidemiological,clinical,therapeutic and preventive aspects of MAC infection in HIV-sero-positive individuals.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the quality of Bifonazole Gel from different manufacturers. METHODS:HPLC was per-formed on the column of Diamonsil C18 with mobile phase of methanol- water- tetrahydrofuran(75∶24∶1,V/V/V)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 254 nm,column temperature was 23 ℃,and the injection volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range of bifonazole was 50-600 μg/ml (r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 1%;recovery was 97.71%-101.68%(RSD=1.16%,n=9). The contents of Bifonazole gel samples from 3 manufacturers were more than 10 mg/g,with little difference. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and accurate with good separation and re-producibility,and suitable for the content determination of Bifonazole gel. The investigated contents of products from different man-ufactures conform to relevant standards.

Objective To raise diagnostic rate of protruded lesion of gastrointestinal mucosa and to judge the precise differentiation to the depth of malignant lesion.Methods 12 cases of gastrointestinal diseases were examined by MPS combined with endoscopic examination.Results To the patients suffering protruded lesion of gastrointestinal mucosa with negative biopsy,the MPS provided a sound basis for diagnosis;To the cases of malignant lesion,findings of MPS with regard to the depth were in total concordance with that of surgical biopsy.Conclusion MPS is significanfly superior to conventional endoscopy with pathological biopsy in the differentation of protruded lesion of gastrointestinal mucosa.But in the case of malignant lesion,only the depth of infiltration of gastrointestinal wall can be correctly assessed by MPS.The value is limited in showing whole Picture for larger focus and in the identification of around lymphnodes and whether or no distal metastases in the near organs.

Objective:To screen differentially expressed proteins in serum proteomic patterns in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis associated Interstitial Lung Disease by Surface enhanced laser desorption /ionization mass spectrometry with Protein Chip ,and evaluate the value of a preliminary study.Methods: WCX2 ( Weak cation exchange chip ) and Surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry with ProteinChip were performed to test serum proteins in 19 Rheumatoid Arthritis associated Interstitial Lung Disease,15 Rheumatoid Arthritis patients and 13 health adults,Biomarker Wizard ,Biomarker Pattern and Spss13.0 software were used in combination to analyze the data.Results:The mass/charge ratio ( M/Z) value of 142 protein peaks were detected in serum , there were 4 proteins differentially expressed with statistical significance among them ( P<0.05;Student′s t-test ) , which were the proteins with M/Z 3382.59 ,3453.39 ,11886.0 ,5825.48;the proteins with M/Z 11689.4 ,2266.49 ,1020.22 ,4392.28 ,5074.38 and 2764.69 were selected to establish the optimal diagnostic model.The sensitivity was of was 90%(9/10),the specificity was of 90%(18/20).Conclusion: Surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrum can screen out the significantly different proteins in serum of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis associated Interstitial Lung Disease.As bomarkers , both of their sensitivity and specificity were high and determination have good prospects for clinical application .

Objective To explore the protective effect and underlying mechanism of telmisartan on hyperuricemic nephropathy.Methods (1)High level of uric acid (600 μmol/L) and telmisartan in different concentrations (10nmol/L,100 nmol/L,1000 nmol/L,10000 nmol/L) were added to renal tubule epithelial cells and cultured for 48 h,the expression of UAT,TGF-β1 and α-SMA were detected by Real-time PCR,RT-PCR,Western blotting or cell immunofluorescence.(2) Wister rats were randomly divided into normal control group(Con),high uric acid group (HU),and telmisartan treatment group (Tel).Four weeks later,Scr,BUN and serum uric acid of the rats were detected.The expression of UAT in rat kidney was detected by Western blotting.Results (1)In vitro,compared to control group,high uric acid (600 μmol/L) inhibited the expression of UAT (P ＜ 0.01),and the inhibition could be alleviated by telmisartan; Telmisartan inhibited the upregulation of TGF-β1 and α-SMA induced by high uric acid(all P ＜ 0.05); (2)In vivo,compared to high uric acid group rats,telmisartan group rats had significantly reduced serum uric acid levels (189.9 μmol/L vs 204.5 μmol/L,P＜0.05),upregulated UAT and downregulated TGF-β1 expression in rat kidney (all P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Telmisartan significantly inhibits the upregulation of TGF-β1 and α-SMA induced by uricemia,which may prevent kidney from fibrosis.The protect effect of telmisartan may be related to the upregulation of UAT.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of children's Pseudo-Bartter syndrome(PBS) in order to enhance physician's understanding of the disease.Methods Nine children with PBS who were admitted into Beijing Children's Hospital from Nov.2008 to Sep.2013 were selected as research subjects.A retrospective study was carried out with the clinical data and the outcome of treatment.Results 1.Clinical characteristics:there were 9 cases in this group including 5 male and 4 female.The patients' age ranged from 4 months to 8 years 8 months.The most common cause of children's PBS was gastrointestinal symptoms(such as diarrhea and vomiting) induced by respiratory tract infection (7/9 cases).Six patients had no striking clinical manifestations,and hypokalemia was found in the treatment of primary disease.2.Laboratory tests:All of the children in this group had hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis in varying degrees.The activation of renin,angiotensin and aldosterone system increased.3.Therapy:all children were treated by giving potassium supplemental treatment or indomethacin therapy [1 mg/(kg · d),3 times orally].After treatment,all cases achieved clinical improvement and normal blood electrolytes.All patients' blood electrolytes remained normal for 5 to 7 days after stopping treatment.Conclusions 1.In China,the most common cause of children's PBS is gastrointestinal symptoms(such as diarrhea and vomiting) induced by respiratory tract infection.2.Except for clinical manifestations related to causes,patients have no significant clinical manifestations.Hypokalemia can be found in the treatment of primary disease.3.The biochemical results show low blood potassium chloride with metabolic alkalosis.In PBS renin,angiotensin and aldosterone concentration in blood are all elevated.4.Treatment of children's PBS mainly includes etiological treatment and electrolyte supplement therapy.The treatment effectiveness is good after etiological treatment and potassium supplement treatment.In the condition of controlling etiology and potassium supplementation,electrolytes mas return to normal in 2-4 days.

Objective To investigate the experience of family caregivers in nursing perioperative patients undergoing permanent cardiac pacemaker. Methods Twenty-five family caregivers taking care of the patients undergoing permanent cardiac pacemaker participated in the non-structural study. Data were analyzed by phenomenological procedure. Result The factors by category analysis includes fear, anxiety and uneasiness due to preoperative lack of relevant knowledge and postoperative lack of caring experience, lowered health level of the caregivers, strong demand for health education and lack of confidence in home care. Conclusions The family caregivers′ experience varies with different phases in perioperative period. Nurses should provide personalized services to enhance the continuity of home care so as to enhance the care quality.