Objective To observe the effect of insulin glargine plus mefformin on inflammatory factors(IF) in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes(T2DM).Methods 110 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were given insulin glargine(beginning dose:10 U/d) and mefformin(0.5 g,tid) for 12 weeks;while 100 cases selected for the same period from the normal healthy population were taken as control group.Baseline fasting blood glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA_1c),C-reactive protein(CRP),TNF-α and IL-6 were observed.Results Before treatment,FPG,2 hPG,HbA_1c and IF in T2DM group were obviously higher than those in control group(P＜0.05),but there was no difference in other clinical data (P＞0.05).After 12 weeks treatment,in T2DM group there was a significant improvement in blood glucose targets [FPG from (14.8±3.9) mmol/L to (6.6±2.1) mmoL/L;2 hPG from (17.6±3.3) mmol/L to (8.3±1.2)mmol/L;HbA1c from (9.6±2.7)% to (6.5±0.8)%,t=7.40,8.37,3.98,P＜0.05],and the level of IF also decreased significantly [CRP from (8.8±2.5) mg/L to (5.5±1.4) mg/L;TNFα from (2.9±0.6) ng/L to (1.6±0.2) ng/L;IL-6 from(170.3±22.2) pg/L to (105.9±14.6) pg/L,t=4.61,3.52,5.68,P＜0.05].Conclusions Insulin glargine and mefformin combined therapy can improve glucose metabolism in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM,and decrease the levels of IF.

Objective Heart failure is due to a variety of reasons cause of the heart to lose their official duty. The heart will not be able to work properly to meet the needs of the body, it is called pump failure. It significantly reduces the patients living ability and quality of life. Appropriate exercise training as an adjuvant therapy of heart failure can make these conditions have been improved. The present study reviewed the influence of moderate exercise training to patients with heart failure′s related factors( e. g. cardiac function,quality of life, medical expenses,etc) .

Objective:To explore the clinical appearance,diagnosis method and curative efficacy of one patient with esophageal teratoma complicated with rupture of esophagus in order to raise the awareness of the clinicians for the disease. Methods:The patient with chest pain after eating was admitted to hospital,and upper gastrointestinal radiography,chest CT and endoscopy were taken,which showed rupture of esophagus.Then an emergency thoracic exploration was performed.A too long cleft and much necrosis were identified,so the repair of esophagus was changed into excision and anastomosis. Results: The operation was successful,and the pathological findings showed the rupture of esophageal teratoma.Follow-up showed no complication till now.Conclusion:Esophageal teratoma complicated with esophageal rupture is rare.Clinicians should improve the understanding and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of interferon to increase the sensibilization of MGMT positive glioma stem cel s to temozolomide in vitro. METHODS:Glioma cel lines, U251 and SKMG-4, were induced by suspended cloning bal formation method to harvest MGMT positive glioma stem cel s, U251G and SKMG-4G. Cel counting kit-8 assay was used to detect the kil ing effect of interferonα/βcombined with temozolomide on MGMT positive glioma stem cel s. RT-PCR and western blot assay were employed to determine the expression of MGMT and nuclear factorκB in MGMT positive glioma stem cel s. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Western blot results showed positive expression of MGMT in U251G and SKMG-4G cel s at protein levels. After intervention with interferonα/β, the mRNA expression of MGMT and nuclear factorκB in SKMG-4G and U251G cel s was reduced significantly, and then further decreased after temozolomide treatment. These findings indicate that interferonα/βcan remarkably strengthen the kil ing effect of temozolomide on MGMT positive glioma stem cel s.

Objective To investigate the effects of mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway on the development of insulin resistantce. Methods 20 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into normal diet group (NC) and high fat diet group (HF).HF mice were fed with high fat diet for 14 weeks and insulin resistance was confirmed in all mice. We observed the morphology of pancreatic islet by HE staining. Serum insulin concentration was also evaluated by ELISA. Northern blot, Western blot and immunofluorescence were performed to detect mTOR and S6K1 mRNA and protein expression in skeletal muscle. Results As compared with NC group,HF group showed that the body weight and fasting serum insulin level were increased by 21.99%(P＜0.05) and 181.82%(P＜0.01) respectively;the area of pancreatic islet was significantly increased;glucose tolerance was impaired;expressions of mTOR mRNA (125.61±10.43 vs 100.00, P＜0.05) and protein (137.41±7.86 vs 100.00, P＜0.01) were significantly increased. And we also found an significant increase in total S6K1 mRNA (154.98±16.26 vs 100.00, P＜0.01) and protein (137.36±3.08 vs 100.00,P＜0.01) as well as pS6K1 protein (390.15±69.62 vs 50.59±16.65,P＜0.01)expression in HF group as compared with NC group.Conclusions mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of higt fat diet induced insulin resistance.

Objective: To explore the impact of exercise rehabilitation on cardiac function in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 130 CAD patients received primary PCI in our hospital from 2014-01 to 2015-09 were enrolled. All patients received conventional drug therapy and post-PCI knowledge education, then were randomly divided into 2 groups: Conventional group and Rehabilitation group, in which the patients received cardiac rehabilitation exercise for 3 months at different stage and intensity. n=65 in each group. The cardiac function including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), 6 min walking distance (6MWD) and NYHA classification were compared between 2 groups at 1, 3 and 6 months after the operation. Results: LVEF, LVEDD, 6MWD and NYHA classification were similar between 2 groups at enrollment, P>0.05. ① At 1 month post-operation: 6MWD was different between 2 groups, P<0.05, while LVEF, LVEDD, NYHA classification and the recurrence rate of angina pectoris were similar between 2 groups, P>0.05. In Rehabilitation group, 6MWD and NYHA classification were different from the enrollment condition, P<0.05, while other parameters were similar, P>0.05; in Conventional group, 6MWD was different from the enrollment condition, P<0.05, while other parameters was similar, P>0.05. ② At 3 and 6 months post-operation: all parameters were different between 2 groups, P>0.05. In Rehabilitation group, all parameters were different from the enrollment condition, P<0.05. ③ In Conventional group, at 3 months post-operation: LVEDD and 6MWD were different from the enrollment condition, P<0.05; at 6 months post-operation: 6MWD was different from the enrollment condition, P<0.05. Conclusion: Exercise rehabilitation may improve the cardiac function, therefore enhance the endurance capacity and quality of life in CAD patients after PCI.

AIM:To investigate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on mRNA expression of SOCS-3 and SREBP-1c in the rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.METHODS:Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control ( NC) group, high fat ( HF) group and HF+liraglutide ( Lira) group.The rats in HF group and HF+Lira group were given high-fat diet for 16 weeks.After 12 weeks of high-fat diet feeding in HF+Lira group, Lira (600μg? kg-1? d-1 ) was intraperitoneally injected for 4 weeks.At the end of the 16th week, the rats were killed.The pathologi-cal changes of the liver were observed under optical microscope.The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) , as-partate aminotransferase ( AST) , triglyceride ( TG) and total cholesterol ( TC) were detected by automatic biochemical an-alyzer.TG contents of liver were measured by GPO-PAP method.The fasting insulin ( FINS) was determined by ELISA, and insulin resistance index was assessed by homeostasis mode assessment ( HOMA-IR) .The mRNA expression of SOCS-3 and SREBP-1c in the liver tissues was detected by RT-qPCR.RESULTS:Compared with NC group, HOMA-IR, TG of liver, and the serum levels of ALT, AST, TG, TC and FINS in HF group were obviously increased (P<0.01).Compared with HF group, HOMA-IR, TG of liver, and the serum levels of ALT, AST, TG, TC and FINS in HF+Lira group were all obviously decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The mRNA expression of SOCS-3 and SREBP-1c in HF group was signifi-cantly higher than that in NC group (P<0.01).The mRNA expression of SOCSV3 and SREBP-1c in HF+Lira group was significantly decreased as compared with HF group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Liraglutide may improve the IR and re-
duce TG of liver through decreasing the mRNA expression of SOCS-3 and SREBP-1c, so as to play a therapeutic role in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Aim: To investigate a new type wound dressing,basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)/collagen com-posite sponge,and conduct its pharmacological studies in vitro and in vivo.Methods: bFGF/collagen composite sponge was prepared using fresh pig skin and bFGF.The sponge's physicochemical properties were studied.MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation effect of the sponge extract on 3T3 cells.Delayed allergy of the sponge was tested for the assurance of its biosafety.Results: Results showed that the physicochemical properties of bFGF/collagen composite sponge with high and low doses of bFGF have no significant difference from those of blank collagen sponge.SDS-page analysis indicated that the composite sponge has apparent strip in 18 kD.It was also found that bFGF/collagen composite sponge was responsible for significant effects on 3T3 cell proliferation in comparison to saline treatement(P <0.01,P <0.05).In the allergy study,during the periods of the induction and stimulation,no allergic reaction was found in bFGF/collagen composite sponge groups with high and low doses of bFGF,while severe reactions and inflammation occurred in positive group(2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene).Furthermore,pathological examination indicated the intact dermal structure and no sign of inflammation.Conclu-sion: The developed sponge has good physicochemical propertis and noticed cellular proliferation without dermal irritation.There is much potential to develop bFGF/collagen composite sponge into a new kind of wound dressing material for clinical use.

Objective To optimize the extraction and β-cyclodextrin clathration process of volatile oil in Tianma-Shouwu tablet.Methods The extraction of volatile oil was optimized through the orthogonal design L9(34) with the volatile oil extraction amount as assessment index. The saturated aqueous solution preparation of clathrate form was used. The volume of β-cyclodextrin and volatile oil, clathration temperature, clathration time was investigated by central composite design-response surface methodology, with the score of volatile oil inclusion ratio and utilization ratio as the index. The results were fitted by second-order polynomial equation, and then the best clathration process was determined. Results The optimization extraction process of volatile oil in Tianma-Shouwu tablet was as follows:to add 8 times water,immerse 30 minutes,steam distill 6 hours;and the best clathration process was as follows: the ratio of β-cyclodextrin and volatile oil was 9.50:1, clathration temperature 43 ℃, and clathration time 4.2 hours. Conclusions The optimized extraction and clathration process were reasonable, stabled and repeatable.

Objective:To explore the effect of hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) on modulating the subunit Kir6.2 of adenosine triphosphate sensitive potassium channels via the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (cGMP/PKG) signaling pathway in epileptic rat models. Methods:Sixty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into the following six groups (10 rats in each group) by random number table method: control, epileptic, H 2S donor, H 2S donor+epileptic, KT5823 (one inhibitor of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase)+H 2S donor+epileptic, and glibenclamide (one inhibitor of the adenosine triphosphate sensitive potassium channels)+H 2S donor+epileptic groups. Except the control group, SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with plentylenetetrazole to make the kindling models and their behaviours were recorded including the latency period, the grade, and the duration of the first epileptic seizure according to the Racine′s standard. The waveforms of electroencephalogram (EEG) in hippocampus were also recorded during the seizure. The mRNA and protein levels of PKG and Kir6.2 in hippocampus were evaluated by Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the hippocampal concentrations of cGMP and phosphorylation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (p-PKG) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results:Rats in the epileptic group showed Ⅳ-Ⅴ grade of epileptic seizure [4.500 (4.000, 4.875)], short latency period [(10.37±8.21) min] but long duration [(69.50±24.37) s] of seizure. Compared to the epileptic group, rats in the H 2S donor group showed Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade of epileptic seizure ( P=0.004), significantly longer latency period ( P<0.001), and shorter duration of seizure ( P<0.001). Compared to the H 2S donor+epileptic group, rats in the KT5823+H 2S donor+epileptic group showed Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade of epileptic seizures, significantly shorter latency period ( P<0.001), and longer duration of seizure ( P<0.001). The results of EEG showed that the wave patterns in the epileptic group were spike or sharp waves and the amplitudes were largest [(190.570±23.590) μV]. Compared with the epileptic group, amplitudes were reduced ( P<0.001) in the H 2S donor+epileptic group. PKG mRNA and PKG protein were expressed differently among all groups (PKG mRNA: n=5, H=26.714, P<0.001; PKG protein: n=5, F=30.597, P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the expression of both PKG mRNA and PKG protein was decreased (PKG mRNA: 1.000±0.001 vs 0.782±0.064, P=0.023; PKG protein: 0.550±0.037 vs 0.145±0.020, P=0.042) in the epileptic group. Besides, Kir6.2 mRNA and Kir6.2 protein were expressed differently among all groups (Kir6.2 mRNA: n=5, H=27.761, P<0.001; Kir6.2 protein: n=5, F=60.659, P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the expression of both Kir6.2 mRNA and Kir6.2 protein was decreased (Kir6.2 mRNA: 1.000±0.001 vs 0.897±0.033, P=0.004; Kir6.2 protein: 0.384±0.035 vs 0.215±0.016, P=0.024) in the epileptic group. And the concentrations of cGMP and p-PKG were decreased (cGMP: P<0.001; p-PKG: P<0.001) in the epileptic group. The results in the H 2S donor+epileptic group were up-regulated (PKG mRNA: P=0.047; PKG protein: P<0.001; Kir6.2 mRNA: P=0.011; Kir6.2 protein: P<0.001; cGMP: P<0.001; p-PKG: P<0.001) compared with the epileptic group. However, the results in the KT5823+H 2S donor+epileptic group were down-regulated (PKG mRNA: P=0.015; PKG protein: P=0.027; Kir6.2 mRNA: P=0.013; Kir6.2 protein: P=0.017; cGMP: P=0.005; p-PKG: P<0.001) compared with the H 2S donor+epileptic group. Conclusion:A possible mechanism is that H 2S prevents the epileptic seizure from modulating the subunit Kir6.2 of ATP sensitive potassium channels via the cGMP/PKG signaling pathway.