Objective To compare and evaluate the methods of building model of cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type (CSA)rats by measuring the learning and memory ability,anxiety and depression,and degree of nervous tension of three kinds of CSA model rats.Methods We randomly divided 120 rats into mixed modeling group,bone graft compression modeling group,mechanical balance disorder modeling group,and blank control group with 30 rats in each.Morris water maze,elevated plus maze test and open field test were used to detect and compare the rats’abilities of learning and memory,anxiety and depression,and degree of nervous tension.We then evaluated the three CSA rat models.Results Compared with those in the blank group,the learning and memory abilities in the mixed modeling, bone graft compression and mechanical balance disorder modeling rats were significantly decreased,the anxiety and depression and degree of nervous tension were significantly increased (P<0.05).Compared with bone graft compression and mechanical balance disorder modeling groups,the mixed modeling group could restore the characteristics of CSA.Conclusion The three kinds of modeling methods can successfully reproduce the CSA animal model;the mixed modeling is superior and thus worthy of promotion.

AIM:To investigate the protective effect of Huoxue-Dingxuan capsule-medicated serum on mouse brain microvascular endothelial cell line bEnd .3 with hypoxic injury .METHODS:The Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and Huoxue-Dingxuan capsule group .The serum was collected at the 7th day after drug administration . The bEnd.3 cells were divided into normal group , hypoxia serum model group and Huoxue-Dingxuan capsule serum group . After administration of the medicated serum , bEnd.3 cell were treated with hypoxia for 6 h.The cell morphology was ob-served under microscope , the apoptosis rate and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry , and the activity of superoxide dismutase ( SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde ( MDA) were detected by ELISA .RESULTS:Compared with other groups, Huoxue-Dingxuan capsule-medicated serum significantly resisted the injury caused by hypoxia , obviously improved the morphology of bEnd .3 cells, significantly reduced the number of apoptotic cells induced by hypoxia , and effectively in-hibited the occurrence of hypoxia-induced G1/S phase arrest in the bEnd.3 cells.At the same time, the medicated serum inhibited MDA production , and increased SOD activity .CONCLUSION: Huoxue-Dingxuan capsule attenuates hypoxia-induced bEnd .3 cell damage by enhancing the antioxidant capacity of cells and inhibiting cell apoptosis .

Objective: To evaluate the effect of hybrid operation suite in the treatment of cerebral and spinal vascular diseases and intracranial hypervascular tumors. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 132 patients with various cerebral and spinal vascular diseases and intracranial hypervascular tumors who were treated by hybrid surgery at Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital from October 2016 to December 2017.There were 70 male and 62 female patients with a mean age of 48.33 years (range: 14-78 years), including 64 cases of intracranial aneurysm (41 complicated aneurysm cases), 28 cases of brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM), 12 cases of hypervascular tumor, 12 cases of dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF), 6 cases of carotid artery stenosis, 5 cases of Moyamoya disease, 3 cases of intracranial aneurysm or BAVM combined with tumor, 1 case of scalp arteriovenous fistula and 1 case of critical brain trauma in which a foreign metal stick approached the basal vascular circuit.Abnormalities were found in 16 cases in intraoperative angiography. The clinical data of all patients was collected as a perspective cohort. The success rate of hybrid surgery, intra-operative and post-operative complications, morbidity, mortality, rate of infection, the length of hospital stay were all analyzed to illustrate the effect of hybrid operation mode to traditional surgical pattern. Results: For 64 cases with intracranial aneurysms, the immediate complete occlusion rate was 90.5%, with a mortality of 4.7% and a morbidity of 14.0%. For 28 cases of BAVM and 12 cases of DAVF, all patients achieved total obliteration and favorable social independent outcomes after hybrid surgery, with no complication.For 6 cases of carotid artery stenosis and 5 cases of Moyamoya, intra-operative confirmed good cerebral reperfusion without any new post-operative neurologic deficits. After tumor vessels embolization, 4 out of 12 cases of hypervascular tumor needed intra-operative blood transfusion, and all patients achieved total tumor resection in a single stage. Only one patient with medulla oblongata hemangioblastoma died 6 months after operation due to respiratory deficit related pneumonia. Compared to traditional surgeries, the hybrid operation pattern did not significantly increase the total infection rate, central nervous system infection rate, hospital stay days and post-operative hospital stay days (all P>0.05) while the in-patient cost increased mildly (119 332 yuan vs.98 215 yuan, t=2.38, P=0.02). Conclusions The operations of complex cerebral and spinal vascular diseases and intracranial hypervascular tumors can be performed in hybrid operation suite safely.This surgical mode can ensure the quality of operation and promote the development of innovative and complicated surgical procedures.

Osteoporosis （OP） is a skeletal metabolic disease characterized by bone loss and destruction of bone microstructure. Changes in estrogen levels are not the only pathogenic factors for the occurrence and development of OP. MicroRNA （miRNA） plays an important regulatory role in cells. The complementary sequences of miRNA and targeted mRNA combine to inhibit the expression of targeted mRNA through post-transcriptional regulation， forming a complex regulatory network. Research suggests that miRNA is closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases， including inflammatory diseases， metabolic diseases， and cancer. Targeted mRNA participates in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation in OP， mainly regulating the balance among bone construction， bone resorption， and osteoblast differentiation. Therefore， miRNA-based gene therapy is a rapidly developing disease treatment strategy. Traditional Chinese medicine can improve bone metabolism by intervening in miRNA differential expression to target and regulate osteogenic/osteoclast differentiation. This article summarized the targeting effects of miRNAs in physiological and developmental processes such as bone cell proliferation， differentiation， survival， and apoptosis， reviewed and classified their mechanisms of action and targets， and sorted out the current treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine for preventing and treating OP and drugs that exert bone protective functions through miRNAs. This review is expected to provide theoretical reference and research guidance for future research on OP treatment by regulating miRNA.