Since the scale of student-recruitment was enlarged in 1999,the competition of colleges and universities are getting fiercer day by day.Under the effect of the famous schools,the better the schools are,the more resource and the more excellent students can the school win.The article analyses how colleges and universities carry out education planning and setting up the colleges and universities brand from the necessities and the measures of education planning,every stage of setting the school brand and the problems which should be thought over.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Astragaloside Ⅳ (AS-Ⅳ) on hypoxia/re-oxygenation induced by RAW264.7 murine macrophages.Methods The hypoxia/re- oxygenation induced RAW264.7 murine macrophages served as a model of I/R injury. The cells were divided into the control group, the model group, and the AS-Ⅳ group. The cell morphological changes of each group were observed directly under inverted microscope. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cluster of differentiation 206 (CD206), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) were separately examined by RT-PCR, Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining.Results Compared with the model group, the numbers of cell in AS-Ⅳ group significantly increased , and the cell physiological status were much better. Compared with the model group, the iNOS immunofluorescence semi quantitative (0.62 ± 0.02 vs. 1.32 ± 0.09), the expression of mRNA (1.51 ± 0.07 vs. 3.46 ± 0.39), and protein (2.30 ± 0.14 vs. 5.16 ± 0.49) significantly reduced in AS-Ⅳ group (P<0.01). The CD206 immunofluorescence semi quantitative (1.01 ± 0.03 vs.0.61 ± 0.01), the expression of mRNA (0.91 ± 0.03 vs.0.51 ± 0.01), and protein (0.61 ± 0.04 vs.0.19 ± 0.01) significantly reduced in AS-Ⅳ group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the PPAR-γ immunofluorescence semi quantitative (0.60 ± 0.14 vs. 0.34 ± 0.03), mRNA (2.00 ± 0.14 vs.1.04 ± 0.03), andprotein (0.67 ± 0.05 vs.0.19 ± 0.01) significantly increased (P<0.01). Conclusions The AS-Ⅳ could attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury by altering macrophages phenotype through upregulation PPAR-γ.

Objective To compare the setup errors of two position fixation, head-neck-shoulders immobilization system and trunk immobilization system in radiotherapy for esophageal cancer, and to provide technical guidance for the fixed modes and determination of plan target volume (PTV) in the intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) of esophageal cancer. Methods 97 thoracic esophageal cancer patients treated with radiotherapy were collected and divided into two groups: head-neck-shoulders group (51 patients immobilized with head-neck-shoulders immobilization system) and trunk group (the other 46 patients immobilized with trunk immobilization system). Before the weekly radiotherapy, all the patients received cone-beam CT (CBCT) scan to get the setup errors of X axis (left and right), Y axis (head and foot) and Z axis (front and back) on line. Results In the head-neck-shoulders group, the errors in X, Y and Z direction were (0.333 ±0.400) cm, (0.333 ±0.291) cm and (0.238 ±0.256) cm, respectively. In trunk group, the errors were (0.327±0.255) cm, (0.582±0.501) cm and (0.189±0.154) cm, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the setup errors in Y axis and Z axis between the head-neck-shoulders group and the trunk group (P< 0.05). Conclusions In the radiotherapy for thoracic esophageal carcinoma, there is no difference in the X axis setup error between head-neck-shoulders system and trunk immobilization system. The Y axis setup error of head-neck-shoulders group is less than that of the trunk group. The Z axis setup error of trunk group is less than the head-neck-shoulders group.

Objective To investigate the abnormality of electrocardiography (ECG) of patients with neoplasms after different chemotherapy. Methods The abnormality of ECG data in 632 patients with neoplasms after different chemotherapy in our hospital was analyzed. Results The changes of ST-T was found in 352 cases (55.70 %), arrhythmia in 197 cases (31.2 %), low QRS in 91 cases (14.4 %), cardiac infarction in 2 cases (0.32 %). Conclusion Different chemotherapy can induce abnormality of ECG, especially combined with anthracycline. Pay attention to potential cardiotoxicity of chemotherapeutics and do regular examination of ECG is very important.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors for protein-energy wasting(PEW)in elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis(HD)and peritoneal dialysis(PD), in order to provide evidence for the prevention of PEW and improve the prognosis in these patients.Methods:According to the diagnostic criteria for PEW proposed by the International Society for Renal Nutrition and Metabolism, 112 elderly patients who had undergone PD and HD without PEW from May 2016 to June 2020 in the renal medicine department of the Eighth People's Hospital of Shanghai, the geriatric medicine department of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University and the renal medicine department of the Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University were included as the non-PEW group.During the same period, 114 cases with PEW were recruited as the PEW group.Differences in general patient data, biochemical test values, anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance and other index values were compared between the two groups.Independent risk factors for PEW in elderly HD and PD patients were analyzed by using binary Logistic regression analysis.Results:Compared with the non-PEW group, the PEW group had a higher mean age( t=0.951, P<0.001), a higher proportion of patients aged ≥65 years( χ2=17.161, P<0.001), a lower body mass index( t=6.740, P<0.001), a higher incidence of diabetic nephropathy( χ2=14.176, P<0.001), a higher hemodialysis rate( χ2=4.543, P=0.033), and a longer duration(months)of dialysis( t=2.306, P=0.023). Levels of serum transferrin, prealbumin, total protein, hemoglobin and total cholesterol and body cell mass index were lower( t=6.262, 13.405, 9.507, 8.341, 4.610, 5.599 and 2.499, all P<0.05), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and the body water percentage were higher( t=6.380, 4.519, both P<0.001), and the upper arm muscle circumference was smaller( t=5.418, P=0.000)in the PEW group than in the non-PEW group.Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥65 years, dialysis duration, serum albumin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were independent influencing factors for PEW in elderly HD patients( OR=2.762, 0.182, 2.694 and 2.980, P=0.023, 0.007, 0.009 and 0.027). Age ≥65 years, body mass index and the hemoglobin level were independent influencing factors for PEW in elderly PD patients( OR=2.452, 0.671 and 0.962, P=0.013, 0.000 and 0.000). Conclusions:The incidence of PEW is lower in elderly HD patients than in elderly PD patients.Clinical intervention should be carried out based on influencing factors, in order to prevent the occurrence of PEW.

BACKGROUND: The concern over the use of electroencephalogram (EEG)diagnosis and biofeedback training as a viable option for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) has grown gradually.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy of A620 EEG system to ADHD children.DESIGN: Prospective observation and comparative study on ADHD children.SETTING: Psychological department of a municipal hospital.PARTICIPANTS: From October 2003 to May 2004, 113 outpatient children in Psychology Hyperactivity Department of the Central Hospital of Anshan City were selected. Inclusion criteria: 6 to 14-year-old outpatient children in Hyperactivity Department. Exclusion criteria: nervous system organic diseases, pervasive developmental disorder(PDD), mental retardation, epilepsy, psychotic disorder, acoustical and visual abnormalities,etc. Of all the ADHD children, 88 were male and 25 were female, with the mean age of(10 ± 3) years.METHODS: A620 EEG system was applied to examine the 113 participants. According to the Diagnostic Criteria for ADHD in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ), published by American Psychiatry Association, ADHD children were diagnosed and then the EEG diagnostic accuracy and specificity were calculated. The System was also used for biofeedback treatment on 27 ADHD children. Fluctuation of EEG θ/β value was measured both before and after treatment, and the change of hyperactivity index was investigated by Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire as well.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: EEG θ/β value, Conners index of hyperactivity (CIH).RESULTS: The diagnostic sensitivity of EEG on ADHD was 83.58%, and the specificity of it was 82.61%; EEB θ/β value of post-treatment was 8.26 ±4.05, which decreased significantly compared with pre-treatment value (12.38 ± 7.96) ( t = 2. 39, P ＜ 0.05); CIH was also dramatically declined from(24. 73 ± 10. 96) (pre-treatment) to( 12.05 ± 8.63)(post-treatment) ( t= 4.72, P ＜ 0. 01 ).CONCLUSION: EEG can be used as an accessory method in ADHD diagnosis due to its high sensitivity and specificity. Abnormalities of brainwave and hyperactivities of ADHD patients can be greatly ameliorated by EEGbiofeedback treatment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of TGF-β receptor subtypes expression and their downstream signaling Smad proteins on rat renal interstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO).MethodsA total of 90 rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal control(CON),sham operation (SOR) and UUO group,and sacrificed 1,3,7,14 and 21 days after operation.Serum creatinine and urea nitrogen were detected to assess renal function.PAS and Masson staining were performed to observe histological damage in the kidneys.Quantitative RT-PCR was used to define expression of mRNA encoding TGF-β receptor subtypes and their downstream signaling Smad proteins in kidney tubular cells.Real-time PCR,Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to monitor the time-related expression of the TGF-β receptor subtypes and their downstream signaling Smad proteins in kidney.ResultsCompared with the CON group,serum creatinine and urea nitrogen in UUO groups increased at day 3 after operation (P＜0.05) and reached their peak 21 days after operation (P＜0.01).Obvious inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in UUO group 3 days after operation,while renal tubular atrophy and renal interstitial fibrosis were observed in UUO group14 days after operation.The mRNA expressions of ALK-5,ALK-7 and TGF-βR Ⅱ increased significantly in UUO group 3 days after operation (all P＜0.05) and reached their peaks 14 days after operation (all P＜0.01).The mRNA expression of ALK-6 decreased significantly in UUO group 3 days after operation(P＜0.05) and reached its lowest level 14 days after operation (P＜0.01).The changes in the protein level of those receptors were consistent with their mRNA expressions.The protein expressions of Smad2/3 and p-Smad2/3 increased significantly in UUO group at day 3(all P＜0.05) and reached their peak at day 14 after operation(all P＜0.01).ConclusionExpressions of TGF-β receptor subtypes ALK-5,ALK-6,ALK-7,TGF-βR Ⅱ and their downstream signaling Smad2 and Smad3 proteins may influence the progress of renal interstitial fibrosis,tubular atrophy and inflammatory cell infiltration in UUO model rats.

Objective To survey the biliary flora in patients with obstructive jaundice due to pancreatic head cancer,also the multiple factors which affect the positive findings of bile culture in these patients.Methods The information of 65 patients with obstruetive jaundice due to pancreatic head eancer,who admitted to surgery in Huashan Hospital from Oetober 2007 to October 2008 were reviewed retrospectively.The factors which may potentially affect the detection of bile pathogen in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice were studied with univarite analysis and muhivariate analysis,including age,history of biliary surgery,yellow stained time,serum alanihe aminotransferase level,serum bilirubin level,CA19-9 level,tumor size,site of obstruction,with or without clinical manifestations of biliary infection,and APACHE Ⅱ score.Results Twenty-five positive cultures happened in 65 bile samples (38.5％),including 21 strains of Gram-negative baeilli (72.4％),6 strains of Gram-positive bacteria (20.7％),and 2 strains of fungi (6.9％).Univariate analysis showed that the relevant factors which may affect the rate of positive bile culture in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice were age,history of biliary surgery,biliary obstruction site,biliary tract infection symptoms and APACHE Ⅱ score.Multivariate analysis showed that age,history of biliary surgery,biliary obstruction site and APACHE Ⅱ seore were independent risk factors.Conctusion Age,history of biliary surgery,biliary obstruction site and APACHE Ⅱ score were independent risk factors which led to positive findings of bile cultures in patients with obstructive jaundice due to pancreatic head cancer.

Objective To identify the efficacy and safety of aspirin in reducing the serum high sensitivity C reactive protein(hsCRP)level and preventing the internal arteriovenous fistulas(AVF)embolism in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methods One hundred and ten hemodialysis patients using AVF more than 3 months were randomly divided into 2 groups,the intervention group(n=55,received aspirin 100 mg/d)and the control group(n=55).Examinations were performed at baseline and 6-month after treatment.Serum hsCRP level,platelet aggregates ratio(PAR),coagulation and inflammation indicators were measured.AVF embolism and the adverse events were monitored. Results Six months later.PAR and hsCRP level of the intervention group patients aged≤60 years decreased significantly [(68.14±8.45)%vs (82.37±9.12)%;(4.79±4.81)mg/L vs(6.94±10.26)mg/L,all P＜0.05],and were significantly lower as compared to.the control group[(68.14±8.45)%vs(74.7±11.50)%,(4.79±4.81)mg/L vs(5.12±9.25)mg/L,all P＜0.05].There were 2 cases of AVF embolism occured in both groups,which showed no statistical difierence (P=0.676).The incidence of adverse effeets was higher in the intervention group than that in the control group but no statistical significance was found (20.0%vs 7.2%,P=0.052),while the mortality rate had no difference between 2 groups (3.6%vs 0,P=0.495).Conclusion Use of aspirin 100 mg/d for 6 months can significantly reduce the serum hsCRP level and PAR in hemodialysis patients under 60-year-old without serious adverse reactions.