Hamayou is the processed oviduct of Rana temporaria chensinensis David or R. amurensis. It is a well known traditional Chinese medicine for nourishing the "Yin" and invigorating the kidney. Products produced in Gansu Province was found to have a coefficient of expansion of 53. 5~66. 8. Its essential aminoacid content was found to be 4. 43% ~5. 22% higher than those produced in the North-eastern Provinces

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction technology for Huangshen electuary.METHODS:In this experiment the optimum extraction technology for Huangshen electuary was investigated by the L9(34) orthogonal test with the content of Astragaloside Ⅳ as technology index.The effects of three factors including the extraction times,time length of extraction and solvent ratio were investigated.RESULTS:The best extraction technology for Huangshen electuary was as follows:the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶10 and the decoction was carried out for 3 times(2 hours/time).CONCLUSION:The optimum extraction technology for Huangshen electuary is stable and feasible.

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its relative risk factors in adolescents were investigated in Hanjiang district, Yangzhou. A total of 2 153 adolescents aged from 16 to 18 years old from 7 high schools were enrolled. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose was 6.13% and 16.12%, respectively. The independent risk factors are obesity or overweight.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine and acupuncture in treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. Methods 46 patients of ankylosing spondylitis with informed consent were randomly divided into observation group and control group by number table,each of 23 cases.The control group received traditional Chinese medicine,the observation group was treated with acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine,the two groups were treated for 1 month,the clinical effect were observed. Results In the observation group,excellent in 18 cases(78.3%),effective in 3 cases(13.0%),ineffective in 2 cases(8.7%),the total effective rate was 91.3%,it was significantly higher than that of control group the 11 cases(47.8%),8(34.8%),4 cases (17.4%)and 82.6%,the difference between the groups was statistically significant(x2=4.572,P＜0.05).The patients of observation group had a rash in 1 case,1 case of pain;in the control group,1 case of rash,1 case of itching;all of the symptoms were relatively minor,did not affect the treatment.There were no significant adverse reactions in the patients of two groups. Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture in treatment of ankylosing spondylitis had satisfactory effects and no significant adverse reactions,it was worthy to be recommended in the clinical application.

BACKGROUND: Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) in dog triggers myocardial nerve sprouting and sympathetic hyperinnevation. It is possible that RFCA in humans has the same effect. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurons nurture that supports the survival and differentiation of sympathetic neurons and enhances target innervation. Therefore, it is hypothetic that RFCA can increases plasma NGF concentration in humans.OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that RFCA increases plasma NGF concentration in humans.DESIGN: Self-control experiment.SETTING: Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Forty-three patients were selected from the Cardiological Department of Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January to June 2005, including atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) (n=18), right-sided accessory pathways (RSAP) (n=13) and left-sided accessory pathways (LSAP) (n=12), 20 males and 23 females, ages 28-65 years, all agreed to participate in the study voluntarily.METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from the peripheral veins before ablation and at 6 hours, 1, 3, 5, 7 days after ablation. The plasma concentration of NGF was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The plasma concentration of NGF was determined with ELISA before RFCA and at 6 hours, 1, 3, 5, 7 days after RFCA in each patient.RESULTS: Total 43 patients who were referred for ablation therapy for AVNRT, RSAP and LSAP were involved in the result analysis without loss. Plasma NGF increased at 6 hours after RFCA. Increased NGF continued to 7 days in the RFCA treated patients. The plasma NGF concentrations at 6 hours, 1, 3, 5, 7 days after RFCA in AVNRT, RSAP and LSAP ablations treated patients were (29.72±7.04), (30.94±5.68),(31.39 ±4.92), (31.06 ±4.56), (29.11 ±4.59), (31.77 ±6.25), (30.69 ±5.10),(31.46±4.96), (30.15±4.01), (30.43±3.14), (31.42±6.75), (31.00±5.20),(32.08±4.62), (30.67±3.71), (29.27±2.75) μg/L, respectively, and all more than that before RFCA [(14.89±2.84), (15.00±2.71), (15.51±2.75) μg/L, P ＜ 0.01]. However, there were no significant differences in the NGF levels at 6 hours, 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after RFCA (P ＞ 0.05). The plasma NGF concentration was not significant different among AVNRT, RSAP and LSAP ablation patients at any given time (P ＞ 0.05). The number of RFCA applications, the procedure time and the total energy have no correlation with NGF concentration at any given time instance.CONCLUSION: RFCA increases plasma NGF concentration in humans and lasts for at least 7 days. The number of RFCA applications, the procedure time and the total energy have no correlation with NGF concentration at any given time instance.

This paper reports the results of a study about the segregational stability of a series of pNK289-derived plasmids. The segregational stability in B. subtilis AS1. 1176 was found to be different among these same originated plasmids. The difference in segregational stability was shown not to be related to the sizes or replication patterns of the plasmids, but to have some relation to their copy numbers. As the unstable plasmid pNK219 can be miaintained stably in B. subtilis BD 224, it can be inferred that the host inheritable background could affect the segregational stability of plasmid. These results not only have laid a foundation for finding out some genes related to the stability of pNK289-derived plasmids, but also provided theoretical basis for constructing stable recombinant plasmid in Bacillus.

Objective To provide a valid tool for assessment of the interpersonal climate of research teams by develo -ping a team interpersonal climate questionnaire .Methods Based on literature research and panel study , a pilot question-naire was constructed and handed out to a sample of 378 research graduate students in research teams .The analysis of va-lidity and reliability was conducted by SPSS 16.0 and Amos 17.0 for the questionnaire.Results The interpersonal climate in research teams is a two-facet concept , including mentor-mentee dyadic interpersonal relationship .The peer interpersonal relationship.The mentor-mentee dyadic interpersonal relationship consists of five dimensions: identification, support, developmental direction, individualized care , effectiveness of relationship , with the alpha coefficient ranging fron 0.931 to 0.959, while peer interpersonal relationship has only one dimension .Conclusion ①The interpersonal climate is a two-facet, six-dimension concept .②The self-developed interpersonal climate questionnaire achieves satisfactory validity and reliability .

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese-version Successful Aging Inventory (C-SAI).Methods The C-SAI was translated according to the Brislin translation model,and its reliability and validity was tested in 181 old adults.Results The content validity index for the scale (S-CVI/Ave) was 0.975.Five factors were extracted by principal components analysis which contributed 58.035％ to the variance.The Cronbach α and split-half reliability was respectively 0.832 and 0.871 for the total scale.Conclusions The C-SAI has good psychometric quality and can be used as a measurement tool for the successful aging.

Objective To investigate the intervention effect of motivational interviewing health education based on trans-theoretical model to hospitalized patients with cerebral infarction on their healthy diet cognition and behavior change.Methods 60 patients with cerebral infarction were selected with convenient sampling method,and in accordance with the incorporating order randomly divided them into the intervention group and the control group,each with 30 cases.The intervention group received the motivational interviewing health education based on the trans-theoretical model,which mainly focused on a healthy diet,while the control group received regular health diet education.The intervention effect was compared between two groups.Results The comparative difference of baseline data between the two groups before intervention had no statistical significance,while after intervention the change on knowledge and attitude of these two groups both had statistical significance,but the intervention group improved more obviously than the control group; In regards to behavior change phrase,comparing the healthy eating behavior phase of the intervention group patients before and after the intervention,it was found that before the intervention only 4 cases were on the stage of about-to-change,accounting for 13.3％,but after the intervention the proportion was up to 40.0％ with 12 cases.Using chi-square test to compare the behavior phrase difference of the patients before and after the intervention,the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions Motivational interviewing technique based on the trans-theoretical model is an effective method in terms of cognitive and behavioral change,and the health education will improve the cognition on healthy diet and the behavior of the hospitalized patients with cerebral infarction.

Objective To investigate the effects of endotracheal suctioning,turning over,oral caring and swallowingon cuff pressure,so as to provide evidence for the management of the endotracheal cuff.Methods During continuous monitoring of cuff pressure with pressure sensor,the changes of cuff pressure were recorded in the process of endotracheal suctioning,turning over,and oral caring.The data of cuff pressure were recorded including before activity,during activity,after activity for 5 min,15 min and 30 min.In addition,the data of cuff pressure were recorded including before swallowing,during swallowing,after swallowing for 1 min,5 min and 10 min.Results The cuff pressure during endotracheal suctioning and after endotracheal suctioning for 5 min was higher than that before endotracheal suctioning,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05);the cuff pressure during turning over and after turning over for 5 min was higher than that before turning over,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05);the cuff pressure during the oral caring was higher than that before oral caring,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05);the cuff pressure during swallowing was higher than that before swallowing,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion These clinical factors would lead to transient increase of cuff pressure including suctioning,turning over,oral caring,and swallowing.The instantaneous cuff pressure will mislead the staff to judge the safey of endotracheal cuff.The cuff pressure should not be blindly adjusted,so as to avoid the risks of leakage and aspiration.