Objective To evaluate the effects of postconditioning with propofol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses of microglial cells in rat brain tissues.Methods The primary cultured microglial cells in brain tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats were seeded in 24 multi-well plates at a density of 1 × 105 cells/ml,and the microglial cells of 100 wells were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),LPS group (group L),and propofol 25,50 and 100 μmol/L groups (P25,P50,P100 groups).The cells were cultured routinely in group C.LPS 1 μg/ml was added and the cells were incubated for 24 h in group L.In P25,P20,and P100 groups,when the cells were incubated for 24 h with LPS 1 μg/ml,propofol with the final concentrations of 25,50 and 100 μmol/L was added,respectively.The cells were collected at 1 h of incubation with propofol for determination of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA,cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA (by RT-PCR).The supematant was separated for determination of the concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) (by Griess method) and pmstaglandin E2 (PGE2),TNF-α and IL-1β (by ELISA).Results Compared with group C,the expression of iNOS mRNA,COX-2 mRNA,TNF-α mRNA and IL-1β mRNA was significantly up-regulated and the concentrations of NO,PGE2,TNF-α and IL-1β in the supematant were increased in group L (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with group L,the expression of iNOS mRNA,COX-2 mRNA,TNF-α mRNA and IL-1β mRNA was significantly down-regulated and the concentrations of NO,PGE2,TNF-α and IL-1β in the supernatant were decreased in P50 and P100 groups (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),while no significant change in the indexes mentioned above was found in P25 group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Postconditioning with propofol 50 and 100 μmol/L can inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory responses of microglial cells in rat brain tissues.

Objective To analyze the allergens and sex ,age distribution of chronic urticaria in Chengdu .Methods Totally 859 patients with chronic urticaria were tested with 13 kinds inhaled allergens and 15 kinds of food allergens by skin prick test .Re‐sults The top 5 allergens were:dermatophagoides farinae、dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ,cockroach ,shrimp and sea‐crab .The positive rate of dermatophagoides farinae was 58 .7% ,dermatophagoides pteronyssinus which was 55 .1% took second place .No difference was found between sex ,more inhaled allergens were found positive than food allergens in both sex groups .The positive rate was higher in people younger than 60 .Conclusion Dermatophagoides farinae ,dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ,cockroach , shrimp and sea‐crab are the commonest allergens in Chengdu .The skin prick test is important in the individualized treatment of chronic urticaria and health education .It may also be helpful in the management of chronic allergic skin diseases .

Objective: To investigate the intestinal motor function (distal colonic manometry and gastrointestinal transit time) after T. spiralis infection in rats. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were infected by administering T. spiralis larvae. Rats were studied on 14, 42, and 56 days post infection (PI). Age matched non infected animals served as controls. All rats underwent colonic manometry and gastrointestinal transit time test. Results: (1) The small intestinal inflammation became the most severe on day 14 PI, and returned to normal on day 56. (2) The distal colonic manometry showed significantly active motility in acute infected rats either at rest or upon balloon stimulating. (3) Rat colonic motility parameters were not different from those of the control rats either at rest or upon small volume (1mL) balloon stimulating on day 42 and day 56 PI. But when the balloon was inflated with 2 mL of air, the colonic activity increased significantly compared with that of the control. (4) Gastrointestinal transit time was slower in acute and PI rats than that in the control group. Conclusion: Intestinal motility function was abnormal persistently after transient intestinal nematode infection in rats either in distal colonic manometry or in gastrointestinal transit time.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Dahuang Xiaozhi Suppository combined with tetracycline in treating type Ⅲ prostatitis infected with nano-bacteria. Methods Totally 120 patients of type Ⅲprostatitis infected with nano-bacteria were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. Both groups were disabled anti-infective drugs and other preparations for diet and life intervention. Both groups received tetracycline, once a tablet, twice a day, orally. The treatment group received Dahuang Xiaozhi Suppository, once a capsule, once a day, placing in the anus 3-4 cm. 10 d was a treatment course, for 3 courses. The clinical efficacy, major symptoms improving time, NIH-CPSI, leukocyte count and ecithin corpuscles in expressed prostatic secretion (EPS), urinary flow rate, and cytokine content of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, were evaluated. Results The total effective rate was 100.0% (60/60) in treatment group and 83.3% (50/60) in the control group, and treatment group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). Pelvic pain, urinary symptom, and scrotum wet improvement time of treatment group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). Compared with before the treatment, the NIH-CPSI pain scores, urinary symptom scores, life quality score, leukocyte count and TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 content of EPS in both groups were significantly lower after treatment (P<0.05), and the cases with lecithin corpuscles +++ - ++++ in both groups significantly increased after treatment (P<0.05). The urinary peak flow rate and mean flow rate in both groups were higher after treatment (P<0.05). There was statistical significance in the scores of NIH-CPSI pain, urinary symptom and life quality, leukocyte count and TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 content of EPS, and the cases with lecithin corpuscles ++++ between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Dahuang Xiaozhi Suppository can improve the efficacy of treating type Ⅲ prostatitis infected with nano-bacteria. Combining Dahuang Xiaozhi Suppository with tetracycline can reduce prostate inflammation, with obvious efficacy.

Objective:To investigate effects of Lidamycin (LDM,C-1027) on the proliferation and immunogenic transform of human Caski cervical cancer cells and to provide the basic experiment data and theoretical supports for establishment of the new immu-notherapy method mediated by LDM. Methods:MTT was used for the analysis of cell proliferation;apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry;Western blot was used to analyze the effect of LDM on the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in Caski cells;the Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of Calreticulin ( CRT ) on the cell surface. Results: Lidamycin inhibited proliferation of Caski cells significantly in the time-and dose-dependent manners;The apoptotic cell ratio induced by 5 μg/L Lidamycin was 11. 5% ,Comparing with the control group, Lidamycin treatment increased Bax but decreased Bcl-2 contents significantly within Caski cells, it also significantly increased the expression of CRT on the cell surface of Caski cells from 2. 31% to 67. 2%. Conclusion: Lidamycin has pharmacological activity in inhibiting proliferation of the human cervical Caski cells and the underlying mechanism is related with inducing the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. In the same time,Lidamycin can increase the expression of CRT on the cell surface,so it may have the ability to promote the immunogenic apoptosis of tumor cells.

Aim To investigate the optimum trypsin digestion time and the optimum trypsin concentration of the long-term formalin-fixed retina in rats.Methods Male SD rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. The removed eyes were fixed in 4% formaldehyde fixa-tive for 2 days,2 weeks,4 weeks,3 months,5 months and 7 months respectively.Fixed retinas at dif-ferent time were separated and put in 3%,6% and 9% trypsin at 37℃ in incubator.The time required was recorded for complete digestion of retinas,which fixed for different time and digested in different con-centrations of trypsin.The retinal blood vessels were recorded under a microscope after PAS staining of stretched retinal blood vessel.Results After conven-tionally fixed for 48 hours,retinas were digested com-pletely in 3% trypsin at 37℃ for 3.5 hours.The di-gestion time extended to 9 hours and 1 4 hours for the 2 weeks and 1 month fixed eyes,using 3% trypsin, which achieved the same result as conventional fixed eyes.For the 3 months fixed eyes,a complete retinal blood vessel could also be attained by using conven-tional concentrations of trypsin,and only by extending digestion time to 22 hours.It is also indicated that the increased concentration of trypsin did not shorten the time of digestion.In addition,for the fixed eye from 5 months to 7 months,6% and 9% trypsin could short-en,to some extent,the time to 22 hours and 28 hours respectively,which was conductive to obtaining rela-tively complete retinal blood vessels.Conclusions Retinal tissues which fixed time shorter than 3 months can completely be digested using 3% trypsin.Howev-er,for retinal tissue,which fixed from 5 months to 7 months,both the extending time of digestion and the increasing concentration of trypsin to 6% are necessary to get optimum retinal vascular digestion.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of astragaloside IV (AS-Ⅳ) on human retinal pigment epithelium injury induced by methylglyoxal (MGO), and explore its molecular mechanism.Methods The injury of ARPE-19 cells was induced by MGO and the cell viability was measured by CCK-8 method.The morphology of cell nucleus was analyzed by Hoechst 33342 staining and the cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry to detect labbled Annexin V-FITC/PI.JC-1 staining and fluorescence probe DCFH-DA were employed to evaluate the change of mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS).The levels of SOD, MDA, caspase-9 and caspase-3 were determined by respective kits.Western blot was used to analyse the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and PARP.Results AS-Ⅳ could significantly inhibit the decrease of cell viability induced by MGO, improve the morphology of cell nucleus, reduce the ARPE-19 cell apoptosis rate and the level of ROS and MDA, and increase the activity of SOD.Furthermore, AS-Ⅳ could enhance mitochondrial membrane potential, the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and the expression of PARP, and inhibit the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3.Conclusion AS-Ⅳ may protect ARPE-19 cells from the injury induced by MGO by increasing the antioxidant ability of ARPE-19 cells and inhibiting cell apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE: To search for the prevalence and a screening model for hearing impairment in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants. METHOD: Two-stage hearing screening program by automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) were used. A first test was performed as late as possible before discharge from the NICU. Those cases who failed the initial screening underwent a second test in an outpatient setting with an interval of one month. After a failure at the second screening, the infants were referred to our audiological center for further diagnostic evaluations within three months. RESULT: The subjects included were 824 infants who discharged from NICU between September 2007 and August 2008. Seventy newborns (8.5%) failed the pre-discharge AABR test. Of those, fifty-five (78.6%) received the second AABR screening after one month, and nine referred again. These nine babies were evaluated with additional diagnostic audiological tests. Three of them were eventually identified to have sensorineural hearing loss, and one was diagnosed as auditory neuropathy. The total prevalence of hearing loss was 0.48%. CONCLUSION Two-stage screening program of AABR may be an ideal model for hearing screening in NICU infants. The prevalence of hearing loss in our group is lower than that reported in the literature.
Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Female ; Hearing Disorders ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Male ; Neonatal Screening ; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous ; Prevalence

Objective To explore the mutual relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) level with metabolic syndrome (MD) and its factors among the physical examination population.Methods A total of 8 285 people undergoing the physical check-up in a hospital in 2013 were selected by sampling and conducted the physical measurement and biochemical detection;the subjects were grouped according to the MS diagnostic standard,gender and SUA.Then the correlation between SUA and MS was analyzed.Results The age,BMI,SBP,DBP,FPG,TG and SUA in the MS patients were significantly higher than those in the patients without MS,while the HDL-C level was significantly lower.The occurrence rate of MS in males was higher than females.With the increase of MS factors,the SUA level showed the overall rising trend;the multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that BMI,DBP and TG were positively correlated with SUA,and the HDL-C level was negatively correlated with the SUA level.The regression equation was Y =-2.135 + 0.066X1 +0.010X2 +0.155X3-0.379X4;the MS detection rate in the HUA group was higher than that in the non-HUA group;in the single factor Logistic regression analysis,the SUA level was significantly related with the MS occurrence (OR=1.007,95％CI 0.006-1.007,P＜0.05),in the SUA diagnostic value for M,AUC in male and female were 0.608 (95 ％CI 0.582-0.634,P＜0.01) and 0.744 (95 ％CI 0.705-0.783,P＜0.01) respectively,the MS best critical diagnostic points in male and female were 360.5 and 256.5,the corresponding diagnostic sensitivities in male and female were 46.49％ and 71.94％,the specificities in male and female were 69.94％ and 69.94％ respectively.Conclusion The SUA level is closely associated with MS,and SUA level has a good predictive effect for MS.

Objective To prepare a human meningococcal reference serum and standardize IgG concentrations to capsular polysaccharides and in vitro bactericidal activities of the reference serum against serogroup A, C, Y and W135 strains.Methods Twenty healthy adults were recruited and given one dose of immunization with tetravalent (serogroups A, C, Y and W135) meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine . Plasma samples were collected and gone through a series of process treatments including defibrination , filtra-tion, and lyophilization to prepare the meningococcal reference serum Men 10.The IgG concentrations of Men10 to capsular polysaccharides of serogroups A , C, Y and W135 were calibrated by using an internation-al reference serum CDC1992 as the standard in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Provisional IgG concentrations of Men10 were intensively validated by testing a panel of 12 calibration serum samples from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , USA ( US CDC) and a panel of 56 serum samples immu-nized with A, C, Y and W135 meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine from Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd.(LIBP) with the assays using Men10 and CDC1992 as the standard and/or test sam-ples, respectively.The bactericidal titers against serogroup A , C, Y and W135 strains were measured by se-rum bactericidal assay (SBA).Results Four thousand vials (0.5 ml/vial)of lyophilized human meningo-coccal reference serum Men10 were successfully prepared with 2.5%of residual moisture .Reference serum Men10 was sterile and free from contamination by hepatitis B virus , hepatitis C virus , human immunodefi-ciency virus and syphilis .Provisional IgG concentration of Men 10 to capsular polysaccharide of serogroups A, C, Y and W135 was calibrated by using CDC1992 as the standard.Furthermore, IgG concentrations of both panels of 12 CDC calibration serum samples and 56 LIBP serum samples calibrated by using Men 10 as the standard correlated well with those by using CDC1992 as the standard (r=0.99,P<0.05).The IgG concentrations of CDC1992 as calibrated by using Men10 as the standard showed significant correlation with its previously determined values with variation <10%.SBA titers for serotype A , C, Y and W135 strains were established as well .Conclusion A panel of new human meningococcal reference serum Men 10 with accurately calibrated IgG concentration against capsular polysaccharide of serogroups A , C, Y and W135 as well as SBA titers was successfully established .