Since a number of genes have been discovered,which are associated with the effect of drug therapy,the development of personalized medicine is enhanced.Meanwhile,personalized test played an important role in choosing proper medicine.Herein,the status of detection of V-ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(Kras),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),B-Raf and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1(BRAF) mutation is concluded,moreover,the association between the mutation test and the effect of cancer therapy is summarized.

Objective To discuss the association between vitamin D level and the severity of diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 657 patients with type 2 diabetic patients were included in our study and classified into four groups according to their severity of diabetic retinopathy:the non-diabetic retinopathy group(NDR group, n=257) ,the background diabetic retinopathy group(BDR group, n=243), the preproliferative diabetic retinopathy group(PPDR group, n=135) and the proliferative diabetic retinopathy group(PDR group, n=22).The patients were divided into maculopathy(n=563) and non-maculopathy(n=94).Characteristics data were recorded and disease duration, body mass index, blood pressure and other lipid makers were measured and compared among groups.Results Among four diabetic retinopathy groups, 25(OH)D was statistically different (P <0.05), however, compared to diabetic maculopathy group, the level of 25(OH)D in non-maculopathy group was not statistically different.Logistic regression showed that 25(OH)D was significantly associated with the severity ofdiabetic retinopathy(P<0.05), while not with diabetic maculopathy.Conclusion The level of 25 ( OH ) D is closely associated with the severity ofdiabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and it might be an important predictor for the severity of diabetic retinopathy.

Objective To know a kind of method to prevent contamination of water system in department of stomatology. Methods Divided 120 patients with dental diseases into the control group and the observation group randomly, there were 60 cases in each group. Replace the holding tank of wa-ter and distilled water per 24 hours was used in the control group, while the method of replace the hold-ing tank of water and distilled water for each person was used in the observation group, and then com-pared the contamination condition of water system between the two groups. Results The percent of pass of water system in the observaiton group was 100%, which significant higher than the 68.33% in the control group. Conclusions Replace the holding tank of water and distilled water for each person is a kind of method to avoid contamination of water system in department of stomatology.

As one of the most sensitive cells of endoplasmic retieulum stress (ERS), pancreatic β-cells have an a-bundance of endoplasmic reticulum. Fatty acids cause apoptosis of β-cells and might contribute to β-cell loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus via the induction of ERS. Glucose is an amplifier of the ERS response to fatty acid, leading to increased β-cell apoptosis. ERS response mediates glucolipotoxicity-induced β-cell apoptosis.

Objective To study the effect of c-myc small interference RNA(siRNA) on c-mye protein in leukemic cells, and investigate a new method of gene therapy on leukemia. Methods siRNA against c-myc mRNA were designed and synthesized. The siRNA at 100 nmol/ml density was transfected into HL-60 cells. The cells cultured at 24 h, 48 h or 72 h were collected after being transfected, and the total protein of the cells was extracted according to the instruction booklet of TRIzol reagent. The expression level of c-myc protein was examined by Western blotting. Results After being treated with siRNA of c-myc, the quantity of c-myc protein was obviously reduced. It was remarkably lower than that of the control group. Furthermore after 72 h treatment with siRNA, the expression of c-myc protein reached its lowest. Conclusion The siRNA of c-myc can suppress the expression of c-myc protein in HL-60 cells. There are sequence targeted and time-dependence effect. The siRNA of c-myc may become a new tool of gene therapy on leukemia.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of thalidomide combined with NP regimen in treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to analyse the change of VEGF and bFGF in peripheral blood in patients with advanced NSCLC. Methods 57 patients with advanced NSCLC were divided randomly into NP plus thalidomide treatment group and NP contrast group,and VEGF and bFGF were measured by ELISA. Results The response rate was 44.4 % in trial group and 23.8% in control group (P>0.05). The clinical benefit rate were 77.8% in trial group and 42.9% in control group (P>0.05). The median TIP was 5.1 months and 3.0 months for trial group and control group respectively(P=0.05). Patients in benefit in trial group had a remarkable decrease in the number of VEGF (P<0.05) while patients in benefit in control group had a little decrease in the number of VEGF (P>0.05). Patients out of benefit in trial group and control group had a increase in the number of VEGF (P<0.05). Patients in benefit in trial group and control group had a tendency of decrease in the number of bFGF (P>0.05) while patients out of benefit in trial group and control group had a remarkable increase in the number of bFGF(P<0.05). Conclusion The addition of thalidomide to NP regimen results in significantly and clinically meaningful improvement in response rate, median time to tumor progression, and clinical benefit rate compared with NP alone in advanced NSCLC patients.Thalidomide in combination with chemotherapy shows a favorable toxic profile in advanced cancer patients.VEGF and bFGF can be detected in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Objective To test the changes of lymphocyte subsets and anti-GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲa,anti-GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ specific antibodies in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP),and discuss the related factors involved in pathogenesis of ITP.Methods The changes of lymphocyte subsets CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+CD8+,CD19+ in 72 patients with ITP (ITP group) and 50 healthy controls (control group) were measured by flow cytometry (FCM).Expression of anti-GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a,anti-GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ specific antibodies were tested by monoclonal antibody immobilization of platelet antigens assay (modified MAIPA).Results Optical density of anti-GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a,anti-GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ specific antibodies in ITP group was much higher than that in control group (P ＜0.05).In changes of lymphocyte subsets,the number of the CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ in ITP group were obviously lower than those in control group (P ＜0.01),but CD8+ and CD19+ were much higher than those in control group(P ＜0.01).Conclusions Expression of lymphocyte subsets and platelet specific antibodies can reflect the pathogenesis of ITP well.The abnormal function and ratio of lymphocyte subsets,as well as the immunologic mechanism disorder of lymphocytes play important roles in the pathogenesis of ITP.

Objective：To compare the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents (12～16 years) and school-age children (6～11years) to provide reference data for a comprehensive intervention to children ADHD.Methods：A population-based questionnaire study was conducted among subjects aged 6～16 years sampled from schools in Northern Shandong.Totally 4263 children (adolescents 2358,school-age children 1905) were chosen by stratified-clustered-random sampling.The estimation of ADHD was investigated by asking the parents to complete ADHD questionnaires and subjects were followed up.The diagnosis for ADHD was made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)cliterca,which was divided into three kinds of subtypes in accordance with distribution of symptom dimensions.Results：The total prevalence of ADHD was 6.4% in this sample,which was predominated by the inattentive type (ADHD-I ) (63.7％).The prevalence of ADHD was higher in males than in females (8.9% vs.4.1%,P<0.001),and lower in adolescents than in school-age children (5.3% vs.7.7%,P=0.002).Distribution of subtypes was different in ADHD children of different age.Compared with school-age children group,the hyperactive/impulsive type (ADHD-HI )and combined type (ADHD-C) were lower,and the inattentive type (ADHD-I )was higher in adolescent group (P<0.001).The prevalence of 3 symptomatic factors of inattention and 6 symptomatic factors of hyperactivity/impulsivity in adolescents ADHD was lower than that in school-age children ADHD.Conclusion：Inattention is central symptom for children ADHD.ADHD,symptom of hyperactivity/impulsivity especially in the elder groups have trends of lower prevalence rate.

Objective To investigate the functional protective effect of lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) against light-in-duced retinal degeneration. Design experimental studies. Participants sixty SD rats were divided randomly into 6 groups. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed for 24 hours to 2000-lux cool white fluorescent light after treatment with LBP. Scotopic flash elec-troretinogram (ERG) were recorded before and on day D1, D6 and D14 after light exposure. The b-wave amplitude was statistic. In addi-tion, rats from each group were killed for retinal morphometric analyses. Main outcome Measure The amplitudes of b-wave of scotopic flash ERG, the histopathological changes. Results In the untreated group, light exposure caused collapse of the b-wave sensitivity curves. Bmax was reduced by 29.97% at D1 without subsequent recovery. Histopathology of the temporal superior central retinas of rats showed outer segment disorganization and shortening, the inner segments swelled and vacuolated, the outer nuclear layer thicknesses decreased markedly with subsequent recovery. In the treated groups, light exposure had a weaker effect on sensitivity curves. The values of b-wave amplitude were significantly increased than those in the exposed-untreated group (P=0.005). Retinal morphometry was pre-served. Conclusion LBP afford functional protection against light-induced retinal damage. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2009, 18: 229-233)

Objective To investigate the effects of Yanshu injection for the chemotherapy, toxicity- reducing and immunization in mice implanted tumor. Methods Bulid up the mice models with S180 solid tumor transfered by ascites tumor, and observe the effect on tumor weight, blood WBC and bone marrow nucleated cells when combined use Yanshu injection and cyclophospamide (Cy). Determine OD value of plague forming cell by spectrophotometry, measure T-lymphocyte transformation by 3H-TDR incorporation, and survey natural killer cell (NKC) activity by colorimetric method, all these can help to study the role of Yanshu injection on the immune effect in the mice models. Results Yanshu injection can strengthen antitumor activity of Cy, antagonize the inhibition of Cy to WBC and bone marrow nucleated cell, improve OD value of plague forming cell, promote T-lymphocyte transformation, also can enhance NKC activity and killing rate. Conclusion Yanshu injection can increase the chemotherapeutic effects, reduce toxin, and enhance immune function of mice implanted tumor.