BACKGROUND:Many researches on the development of cochlea have been made, but mainly depend on the pathological conditions and developmental deformity, while the researches on the development process of normal embryonic cochlea and expression of related factors are rare.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression of transforming growth factorβ1 in rat embryonic cochlea.
METHODS:Fifty-six Sprague Dawley rats were selected and the rats were pregnancy, and the embryos were obtained from the rats, trimmed the inner ear specimens under the anatomical microscope, and then the specimens were treated with dehydration, decalcification, directly paraffin embedding and slicing processing. The morphology evolution of inner cochlea was observed under light microscope after hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expression of transforming growth factorβ1 in rat embryonic cochlea was observed by immunohistochemical streptavidin biotin-peroxidase complex method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The development of rat inner ear began in ectoderm thickening area of E8 phase, otocyst and the emergency of the mesenchymal could be seen in E9 phase, otocyst and ossicular chain began to develop in E9.5 phase, formation of cochlear duct anlage could be seen in E12.5 phase, cochlea tube development was completed in E18.5 phase and Corti’s formation could be seen in E16 phase. The structure and function of the inner ear could be ful y developed after birth. The expression of transforming growth factorβ1 could be seen in E12.5-E19 phases, and the expression was changed from weak to strong and then weakened further, and strongest in E14.5 phase. This suggested that transforming growth factorβ1 may be involved during the development of rat cochlear epithelium.

BACKGROUND; Studying the pathogenesis and rule of intestinal barrier damage under exercise stress will provide theoretical evidence for preparing intestinal barrier protectant under this state.OBJECTIVE : To observe the changes in intestinal barrier of rats following different intensities of swimming exercise. DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Laboratory of Exercise Sciences & Sports Medicine, Huibei University; Basic Laboratory, Medical College, Wuhan University.MATERIALS: Thirty-six healthy male SD rats, aged 3 weeks, were involved and randomized into 3 groups: control group (n =10), proper exercise group (n =12) and excessive exercise group (n =14). The rats of three groups were raised in the same condition.METHODS:①Control group: Rats did not exercise normally. ②Proper exercise group: Rats swam without loading. In the first 3 days, they adaptatively swam for 30 minutes and gradually for 60 minutes within 1 week, then they swam once a day, 6 times a week, 6 weeks in total. ③Excessive exercise group: In the first 3 days, they adaptatively swam for 30 minutes and gradually for 120 minutes within 1 week. After trained for 1 week, they were given excessive swimming training. Then, they were forced to swan once a day, 6 times a week, within 4 weeks successively. Within later 2 weeks, the rats were forced to swan once in the morning and evening separately, 6 times a week.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Intestinal barrier parameter: intestinal mucosal permeability, plasma endotoxin, becterium shift rate.②Intestinal mucosal membrane structure.RESULTS: Thirty-six rats were involved in final analysis.①After excessive exercise, plasma endotoxin of rats was doubly increased, intestinal mucosal permeability was enhanced by 2.5 times, and bacterium shift rate was increased by 230%.②Proper exercise had no obvious influences on the structure of intestinal mucosal membrane tissue of rats, and excessive exercise expanded Golgi complex in the intestinal epithelial cells and rough endoplasmic reticulum of rats, caused severe edema of epithelial cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells.CONCLUSION: Proper exercise improves intestinal function of body; excessive exercise causes intestinal barrier injury of body and pathological syndrome of digestive system.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of uterosacral ligament amputation in combination with lesion electrofulguration under laparoscope in the treatment of endometriosis-related dysmenorrhea. Methods A total of 86 patients with endometriosis-related dysmenorrhea were treated by uterosacral ligament amputation combined with electrofulguration of lesions under laparoscope from March 2000 to August 2004 in this hospital. Among the 86 patients, enucleation of ovarian endometriotic cysts and electrofulguration of pelvic endometriotic lesions were also simultaneously conducted in 37 patients, and electrofulguration of all visible pelvic endometriotic lesions was also performed in the rest of 49 patients. The operation was accomplished with the aid of the placement of an infrared ureteral detector in 3 patients because of the thickening of the uterosacral ligament and local adhesion. Results The 86 patients were followed for 6~48 months (median, 23 months). Dysmenorrheal completely disappeared in 36 patients, partially subsided in 29, and remained unchanged in 21, the effective rate being 75.6% (65/86). Conclusions Uterosacral ligament amputation combined with electrofulguration of lesions under laparoscope is effective for the treatment of endometriosis-related dysmenorrhea.

Objective To observe the effect of bcl-2 antisense oligodexyonucleotide (ASODN) by phosphorothiote-modification on the expression of bcl-2 mRNA and protein in human melanoma A375 cells line. Methods With the phosphorothiote-modification and liposome-encapsulation of ASODN, A375 cells were divided into ASODN group, nonsense oligodexyonucleotide (SODN) group and control group. Bcl-2 mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results The expression of bcl-2 protein was remarkably decreased in ASODN group than that in SODN group and control group (53.14 ±4.26 vs 138.22 ± 8.45, 53.14 ± 4.26 vs 141.08 ± 7.83, both P ＜ 0.01 ). The level of bcl-2 mRNA was significantly lower than that in SODN group and control group (0.38 ± 0. 11 vs 0.96 ±0.13, 0. 38 ± 0.11 vs 0. 97 ± 0. 14, both P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion Bcl-2 antisense oligodexyonucleotide could down-regulate the bcl-2 level and block its protein expression.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the esthetic and long-term effec ti veness of Cerinate porcelain(CE) and Belleglass HP (BGHP) in restoring discolore d teeth. MethodsA total of 1871 discolored teeth from 647 pat ients were restored using two materials. The observation of short-term(0.5 to l year) and long-term (over 3 years) effectiveness were followed up, and evaluat ions were made. ResultsThe short-term successful rates were 8 9.5 % and 96.75 % for BGHP CE groups, the long-term successful rates were 88.3 9 % and 96.14 %, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.005). Clinical failure, which was mainly related to t eeth category, teeth position, type of restoration and material, showed as resto ration discoloration, fracture and deciduous, etc. Conclusion BGHP shows higher shear bond strength and longer existence, but further study is required for esthetic results. CE restorations show better esthetic results and longer existence. Therefore, it is an ideal choice to restore discolored teeth.

Objective To explore the changes in intestinal barrier function in college students with exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome(EIGS)for searching the related medical monitoring methods.Methods Twenty four college students underwent a six-day endurance training.Their blood D-lactic acid,lipid polysaccharide(LPS),and the activity of diamine oxidase(DAO) were tested before and after the training.Results (1) Blood D-lactic acid,LPS,and the activity of DAO increased significantly in 7 subjects with EIGS comparing to their baseline values(P<0.05):(2)The level of D-lactic acid,LPS,and the activity of DAO in the 7 subjects with EIGS were significantly higher than in those without EIGS(P<0.05).Conclusion The level of blood D-lactic acid,the content of lipid polysaccharide,and the activity of the diamine oxidase are closely related to the intestinal barrier function,and thus can be used as indicators for monitoring the stomach-intestine function during trsinjng.

Objective To explore the effect of swimming training on the microcirculations of cochlea in guinea pigs with tertram ethylpyrazine(TMP) treatment after chronic hypoxia.Methods 28 guinea pigs were divided into normal control group outside of cabin (A) and chronic hypoxia model group (B). After four weeks the model group were divided into the model control group (B 1),TMP treatment group (B 2),swimming training group(B 3) and swimming training with TMP treatment group (B 4).Until the given time,LDF was used to investigate the blood flow of every guinea pig's cochlea.The spiral ligament spreaded-slice optical lens was used to observe guinea pig's vascular veins, capillary appearance and RBC counts.Results There was significant difference in cochlear blood flow(CBF) and RBC counts between B 2,B 4 groups and B 1 group.CBF and RBC counts of B 3 group was improved comparing with B 1 gorup,so did that of B 4 group comparing with B 2.But no significant difference was found.Conclusion Swimming training can relieve the swelling on the thin blood vessel and improve the effect of TMP on the microcirculation in cochlea of guinea pigs under chronic hypoxia environment.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of serum oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and traditional cardiovascular risk factors of premature coronary artery disease (PCAD). Methods Sixty-six patients with coro-nary atrery disease (CAD) confirmed by angiography were selected to be PCAD group, and 56 patients with normal coronary artery confirmed by angiography were included in control group. The serum levels of ox-LDL, high density lipoprotein choles-terol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), creatinine (SCr), uric acid (UA), other serum biochemical indicators and differences of the proportions of male, hypertension, diabetes, smoking history and family history of CAD were compared between two groups. Results (1)There were higher serum values of ox-LDL, TG, SCr, UA, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and proportion of male pa-tients in PCAD group than those of control group (P＜0.05), but there was a lower plasma level of HDL-C in PCAD group than that of control group (P＜0.05). There were significant differences in other indicators between two groups. (2) There were positive correlations between UA, SCr and ox-LDL ( rs were 0.243 and 0.186 respectively, P were 0.006 and 0.034 respective-ly). (3)The logistic regression analysis showed that ox-LDL, HDL-C and SCr were influential factors to PCAD(OR were 1.155, 0.143 and 1.052 respectively). Conclusion Elevations of ox-LDL, HDL-C and SCr are independent predictors of PCAD.

18 F?FDG PET/CT has been increasingly used in diagnosis, staging, treatment response assessment and prognosis prediction of malignant tumors. As the main organ of carbohydrate metabolism, liv?er is commonly taken as reference organ in disease diagnosis and imaging quality control. Hepatic FDG up?take in healthy people is affected by various physiological, potential pathological and imaging technical fac?tors, as well as inter?individual variation. Besides, variation of SUV caused by different calibrating methods cannot be neglected. The factors that affecting hepatic FDG uptake based on findings in recent studies are summarized in this review.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of inhibitor of apoptosis protein XIAP in childhood acute leukemia(AL).Methotis The expression of XIAP protein was detected by immunohistochemical assay in 54 children with AL.including 26 newly diagnosed and untreated AL children.23 children in remission and 5 relapsed.The eontrol included 10 children with normal bone marrow.Results The level of XIAP proteins in the bone marrow of newly diagnosed AL children was higher than that in remission and normal controls(P＜0.05),compared with that in relapsed children,with no statistical difference(P＞0.05).The level of XIAP protein in remission was higher than that in normal controls(P＜0.05).The level of XIAP protein in ALL and ANLL in newly diagnosed AL children was compared. with no statistical difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion The higher expression of XIAP may contribute to the pathogenesis and the progress of the childhood AL.