96% 7-10 days after culture. Immunohistochemistry of Ⅷ factor polyclone antibody showed positive in cytomembrane and cytoplasm, but negative in cell nucleus. These were cells with blood-brain barrier. CONCLUSION: Ideal endothelial cells of blood-brain barrier can be cultured by the improved cultural method of double filtering.

Objective To investigate the curative effect of modified Yanghe decoction on pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.Methods In this study,62 patients suffering fiom pulmonary interstitial fibrosis were randomly divided into 2 groups with the use of the Random Number Table method.31 cases in the treatment group were treated with modified Yanghe decoction,while 31 cases in the control group were treated with prednisone,40 mg/d (produced by Zhejiang Xianju Pharmaceutical Factory).The dosages of prednisone were gradually reduced a month later.The changes and improvement in symptoms,pulmonary function,chest CT,etc were observed and analyzed after three month.Results The study showed that the total?effective?rates of the treatment group and control group were 83.9％ (26/31) and 58.1％ (18/31) respectively,and the difference had statistical significance (P=0.031,P＜0.05).The integrals of gasping,breathlessness,cough and Velcros Rale of the treatment group before the treatment were (3.1 ± 2.61),(4.1 ± 1.53),(1.38 ± 1.02),(1.56 ±2.34)respectively while those of the control group were (2.83±2.34),(3.90±1.67),(1.28±1.24),(1.61±2.14) respectively.The after-treatment integrals of the treatment group were (1.1 ± 1.06),(1.52± 1.40),(0.36±0.71),(0.65±0.67)respectively while those of the control group were(1.2± 1.33),(2.15±1.31),(0.41±0.70),(0.78 ± 0.30)respectively.Compwered with their symptoms before the treatment,there was obviousimprovement in the symptoms of both groups after the treatment,(P＜0.05),but the difference in these aspects between the two groups had no statistical significance (P＞0.05).Before the treatment,the total lung capacity,vital capacity,diffusion function,arterial oxygen pressure of the treatment group were (69.80±21.7) ％,(73.16±16.38) ％,(51.46± 16.42) ％,(69.70± 10.74) mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) respectively while those of the control group were(77.52 ± 15.96)％,(74.57 ± 20.73)％,(55.68 ± 17.27)％,(64.86 ± 11.40)mm Hg respectively.After the treatment,the total lung capacity,vital capacity,mass function,arterial oxygen pressure of the treatment group were (82.31±21.65)％,(83.66±17.32)％,(62.34±17.96)％,(83.51±9.37)mm Hg respectively while those of the control group were (85.06± 16.10) ％,(85.72± 20.40) ％,(68.32± 20.16) ％,(79.61 ±9.41)mm Hg respectively.Compwered with their symptoms before the treatment,there was obvious improvement in the symptoms of both groups after the treatment (P＜0.05),but the difference in these aspects between the two groups had no statistical significance (P＞0.05).Conclusion Modified Yanghe decoction can be effectively applied in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.

Objective To find out the difference of responses to HDT between females and males of different occupations.Methods Healthy female employees(group A,n=11)and female pilots(group B,n=10)and male special pilots(group C,n=14)and male employees(group D,n=7)were tested with-30? head-down tilt for 45 min.Results Heart rate(HR)of females and males all decreased with time during HDT,especially male employees group and female pilots group(P

This review focuses on biological characteristics of Echinococcus f elidis including molecular genetic markers , species status ,host coverage ,geographical distribution ,epidemiological implications ,phylogeny ,and evolution .The molecular genetic markers are involved in mitochondrial cox1 (cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1) and nad1 (nicotinamide adenine dinucle-otide dehydrogenase subunit 1) genes ,nuclear protein-coding gene sequences such as elp (ezrin-radixin-moesin-like protein) , e f1a (elongation factor 1 alpha) ,pepck (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase ) ,pold (DNA polymerase delta ) ,and ribosome RNA gene sequences such as ITS1 and 18S rRNA .The establishment of species status is based on distinctly discriminated mor-phological characteristics such as hooks on the rostrum with apparent rugae ,the special definitive host (lions) ,and divergence of DNA sequences ,etc .between E . f elidis and other Echinococcus species .In brief ,the review has provided researchers and ex-perts in the field of echinococcosis with fundamental background knowledge and guidelines for future research directions ,clinical and epidemiological investigations ,and prevention and control of echinococcosis .

Objective:To discuss the influence of ALDH1+and CD133+phenotypic breast cancer stem-like cells in TA2 triple negative breast cancer on promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurrence in TA2 mice with triple-negative breast cancer and on their biological behavior. Methods:Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the markers ALDH1 and CD133 in TA2 mice triple nega-tive breast cancer and breast cancer stem-like cells with ALDH1+, ALDH1?, CD133+, and CD133?phenotypes, which were sorted out. Then, the TA2 mice were inoculated with sorted tumor cells according to cell type. The mice were divided into ALDH1+, ALDH1?, CD133+, and CD133-groups. The tumor-growing conditions were observed. A tumor tissue was sliced for the immunohistochemical testing of ALDH1?, CD133?, and EMT-related Twist1, E-cadherin, and VE-cadherin proteins. The expression difference of breast cancer stem cell surface markers ALDH1 and CD133 in triple-negative breast cancer and EMT-related proteins Twist1, E-cadherin, and VE-cad-herin was analyzed. Results:The expression rates of breast cancer stem cell markers ALDH1 and CD133 in TA2 mice triple negative breast cancer were 31.2%and 6.5%, respectively. The tumor growth ability of TA2 mice from ALDH1+group was obviously stronger than that from ALDH1?group. The CD133+group was evidently stronger than CD133?group. The immunohistochemical results showed that ALDH1, Twist1, and VE-cadherin expression levels in the ALDH1+group were evidently higher than that in the ALDH1?group (all P<0.05). E-cadherin expression decreased (P<0.05). CD133?, Twist1, and VE-cadherin expression levels in CD133+group were higher than that in CD133?group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:In TA2 mice triple negative breast cancer, ALDH1+and CD133+phenotypic breast cancer stem-like cells may influence the expression of EMT-related proteins, and promote the formation of triple-negative breast cancer.

Objective To analyze the effect of stroke duration on the cognitive function in the elderly population in Beijing.Methods Based on the Research Project of Beijing Chronic Disease Combined with Common Elderly Syndrome Community Management Practices,a cross-sectional study was used.From July 2013 to December 2014,the old population in 4 districts and a county (Xicheng District,Fangshan District,Tongzhou District and Yanqing County) in Beijing were sampled with the multi-stage,randomized and stratified sampling.A total of 3 024 subjects were enrolled in the study.The data were obtained from the questionnaires and clinical examinations.Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used as the evaluation index of cognitive function.The subjects were divided into either a normal cognitive function group (MMSE>26,n=1 878) or a cognitive impairment group (MMSE≤26,n=1 146) according to the MMSE scores.A multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the effects of hemorrhagic stroke,ischemic stroke,and asymptomatic stroke,as well as disease duration on cognitive function.Results After adjusting for the confounding factors,such as sex,age,educational level,marriage,smoking,and alcohol consumption,the risks of occurring cognitive impairment in patients with hemorrhagic stroke in stroke duration for 1-3,4-10 and >10 years were OR 3.019 (95％CI 0.974-9.361,P=0.056),8.652 (95％CI 2.924-25.601,P<0.01) and 1.104 (95％CI 0.311-3.920,P=0.879) times of those without occurring stroke population;the risks of occurring cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke in stroke duration for 1-3,4-10 and >10 years were 1.000 (95％CI 0.636-1.571,P=1.000),1.874 (95％CI 1.231-2.853,P=0.003),2.439 (95％CI 1.386-4.291,P=0.002) times of those without occurring stroke population.Stroke duration for 4-10 years in patients with hemorrhagic stroke and stroke duration for 4-10 and >10 years in patients with ischemic stroke were all the risk factors for occurring cognitive dysfunction.Conclusion For patients with stroke,stroke duration or long-term effects has a certain impact on cognitive function.

In order to realize real-time sampling and display in 128-channeled Epicardial Mapping System whose sampling frequency is 2 kHz per channel, the article introduces a mapping software and preliminarily validates its practicability. The software is designed in MFC, using multiple-thread technology and buffering and pumping values method.
Epicardial Mapping ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Software ; Software Design

This paper introduces an adaptive filtering algorithm based on the LMS principle to inhibit the ventricular interference in the atrial epicardial mapping experiments.
Algorithms ; Electrocardiography ; Epicardial Mapping ; Heart Ventricles

Both multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs)are the most common demyelinating diseases of the Central Nervous System.Hormone,intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange seem to be an effective therapy during MS and NMOSD acute phase;however,immunomodulators and immunosuppressive agents are conventional treatments for MS in the remission period,in addition monoclonal antibody,intravenous immunoglobulin G,estrogen,statins,vaccination and traditional Chinese medicine have also been gradually applied to clinical practice.Combined maintenance therapy with low-dose hormones and immunosuppressive agents will benefit NMOSD patients.Because of the different pathogenesis,MS and NMOSD have obvious differences in treatment.This review mainly focus on progress in clinical treatment of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.

Objective To investigate the effect of Eicosapentaenoic scid (EPA) on the sensitivity of glioma cell line U87 to temozolomide (TMZ) and the mechanism behind this effect.Methods U87 cells were randomly divided into four groups:control group,TMZ group,EPA+TMZ group and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) activation tunicamycin group (EPA+TMZ+TM group).MTT method was used to evaluate inhibition ratio of cell proliferation.The apoptotic ratio was examined by flow eytometry.Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of apoptosis cytokines (caspase-3 and Bax) and ERS cytokines [glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1)].Results EPA causes concentration-dependent and time-dependent inhibition of the cell proliferation (all P=0.00).EPA significantly enhanced the sensitivity of glioma cell line U87 to temozolomide.Compared to TMZ treatment alone,the inhibition ratio [(56.27+6.15)％ vs.(42.32±4.12)％,P=0.03] and apoptotic ratio [(49.78±5.94)％ vs.(37.74± 4.24)％,P=0.04] of U87 cells were enhanced by EPA+TMZ treatment.Western blot showed that the expression of apoptotic factor caspase-3 and Bax proteins were increased by EPA+TMZ treatment,while the protein expressions of ERS-related factors (GRP78 and IRE-1) were significantly inhibited (P=0.01).However,the salutary effects of EPA were reversed by ERS activation tunicamycin.Conclusion EPA enhances the sensitivity of glioma cell line U87 to temozolomide,the mechanism of which may be the suppression of ERS response.