Objective:To investigate the effect of combined use of midazolam and remifentanil without muscle relaxant on tracheal intubation in female patients undergoing breast surgery.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 40 female patients with breast disease who underwent tracheal intubation and general anesthesia at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between January 2023 and June 2023. These patients were divided into a control group ( n = 20) and an observation group ( n = 20) based on whether muscle relaxants were applied at the time of intubation. The control group received intravenous rocuronium bromide, whereas the observation group did not use muscle relaxants. Both groups were intravenously administered midazolam (0.1 mg/kg) and remifentanil (4 μg/kg) prior to tracheal intubation. The intubation conditions were evaluated based on factors such as the ease of inserting the laryngoscope and the patient's response to intubation, including coughing. Results:There were no statistically significant differences in age, height, and body mass between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The excellent rate of intubation conditions was significantly lower in the observation group compared with the control group [45% (9/20) vs. 85% (17/20), χ2 = 7.03, P = 0.008). The good rate of intubation conditions was significantly higher in the observation group compared with the control group [40% (8/20) vs. 5% (1/20), χ2 = 7.03, P < 0.05]. There was no statistically significant difference in the excellent and good rates of intubation conditions between the observation and control groups [85% (17/20) vs. 90% (18/20), χ2 = 0.23, P > 0.05]. No significant difference in intraoperative awareness score was observed between the observation and control groups [(2.59 ± 0.44) points vs. (2.61 ± 0.31) points, P > 0.05]. None of the patients in either group exhibited any episodes of arrhythmias. Furthermore, no adverse reactions such as muscle stiffness, nausea, vomiting, or skin itching were observed in either group following the surgical procedure. Conclusion:Without the use of muscle relaxants, intravenous administration of midazolam at 0.1 mg/kg and remifentanil at 4 μg/kg for tracheal intubation in female patients undergoing breast surgery can offer excellent intubation conditions, ensuring that the patient remains unconscious throughout the surgical procedure.

Coactosin-like protein 1 (Cotl1), a member of the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin family, was first purified from a soluble fraction of Dictyostelium discoideum cells. Neuronal migration requires cytoskeletal remodeling and actin regulation. Although Cotl1 strongly binds to F-actin, the role of Cotl1 in neuronal migration remains undescribed. In this study, we revealed that Cotl1 overexpression impaired migration of both early- and late-born neurons during mouse corticogenesis. Moreover, Cotl1 overexpression delayed, rather than blocked, neuronal migration in late-born neurons. Cotl1 expression disturbed the morphology of migrating neurons, lengthening the leading processes. This study is the first to investigate the function of Cotl1, and the results indicate that Cotl1 is involved in the regulation of neuronal migration and morphogenesis.
Actins ; Animals ; Dictyostelium ; Humans ; Mice ; Morphogenesis ; Neurons