Objective To investigate the characteristics of cerebral glucose metabolism (CGM) in PD patients with cognitive impairment (PD-CI) using 18F-FDG PET/CT,and to analyze the correlation between the progress of PD-CI and CGM changes.Methods A total of 31 idiopathic PD patients (14 males,17 females,aged 37-77 years) from May 2013 to February 2014 were divided into 3 groups based on Montreal cognitive assessment (MOCA):none CI in PD (PD-NC) group (MOCA＞26 scores),mild CI in PD (PD-MCI) group (MOCA 21-26 scores),PD with dementia (PDD) group (MOCA＜21 scores).The normal controls (NC) group included 12 age-and gender-matched healthy adults (7 males,5 females,aged 40-76 years).All subjects underwent PET/CT imaging after intravenous injection of 18F-FDG(5.55 MBq/kg).MIMneuro software was used to analyze the data.The correlation between the CGM and cognitive function was analyzed using Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis.Results (1) Compared with NC group,PDD group presented a widespread cortical metabolism decrease in frontal,parietal,temporal,occipital 19bes and the limbic lobe;PD-MCI group showed hypometabolic areas in the parietal and occipital lobes,and with less extent in the frontal and temporal lobes;PD-NC group showed no significant cerebral hypometabolism.(2) Compared with PD-NC group,PDD group showed widespread cortical metabolism decrease in occipital lobe,temporal lobe,partial parietal cortex and the posterior cingulated cortex.Compared with PD-MCI group,PDD group had lower metabolism,mainly in posterior brain areas (parietal,occipital and temporal lobes).Compared with PD-NC group,PD-MCI group showed hypometabolism in right supramarginal gyrus and the left parahippocampal gyrus.(3) There were positive correlations between visuospatiaL/executive function and visual cortex metabolism,angular gyrus metabolism or superior parietal lobule metabolism (r =0.535,0.443,0.395;all P＜0.05).A positive correlation was also found between delayed memory and heschl's gyrus metabolism (r=0.337,P＜0.05).Conclusions The cerebral glucose metabolism detected with 18F-FDG PET/CT is well correlated with MOCA assessments.Thus it may be helpful in evaluation of the progress of cognitive impairments in PD.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between CT perfusion blood volume (Lung PBV)and the degree of pulmonary embolism by CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA).Methods 1 65 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism underwent dual-ener-gy CT angiography,then the Lung PBV iodine distribution was analyzed by using a software algorithm.Consistent CTPA results evaluated by two experienced radiologists were taken as standard reference.After two months,the CTPA images were assessed by other two radiologists at random.The position and the number of perfusion defects,and (or)hypoperfusion were recorded.Results Of all 1 65 suspected patients,41 were diagnosed as pulmonary embolism with involved 1 64 segment arteries including part occlusion in 56 and complete occlusion in 108.Lung PBV showed perfusion defect in 141 pulmonary segment including 42 in patients with part occlusion and 99 in ones with complete occlusion.1 7 pulmonary segments were misdiagnosed with part occlusion in 9 and complete ones in 8.23 segments were misdiagnosed including part occlusion in 14 and complete ones in 9.The perfusion defect of Lung PBV was correlated to CTPA moderately or well (to part occlusion with r =0.508 and P =0.022;to complete ones with r =0.905 and P =0.000).Conclusion Dual-energy lung perfusion imaging is helpful for accurate assessment of abnormal blood flow distribution caused by pulmonary embolism,and improve the diagnosis.

OBJECTIVETo establish cardiac magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) derived left ventricular (LV) global and region function parameters in normal adults.

METHODSTwenty normal adults were examined with fast imaging employing steady-state(Fiesta) acquisition sequence of cardiac MRI, LV global function and LV region function were measured at basal, middle, apical level and at 16 LV segments. The regional function parameters among different levels and different segments of the same level were analyzed.

RESULTS(1)LV global function: end-diastolic volume (109.17 ± 19.52) ml; end-systolic volume (37.76 ± 14.16) ml;ejection fraction (65.93 ± 7.79) %; wall thickening (83.24 ± 40.82) %; longitudinal shortening (15.51 ± 3.78) %; fractional shortening (31.78 ± 9.55) %;end-diastolic mass (95.20 ± 19.95) g. (2)LV regional function: In each LV level, there was no significant difference in end-systolic wall thickness (P > 0.05). End-diastolic wall thickness and wall thickening were similar between the middle and apical levels, but there were significant differences between middle and apical levels with the basal level(both P < 0.05). End-systolic wall thickness of the middle and the apical level was similar, but there were significant differences between middle and apical levels with the basal level (both P < 0.05). At the segments of the same level, end-diastolic wall thickness and the relevant regional function parameters between the segments of anteroseptal and inferoseptal at base and middle level were similar (P > 0.05); the end-diastolic wall thickness was the largest and the WT was the minimal at the septal segments of three levels, and the difference were significant between the septal and other segments in the same level (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFractional shortening and longitudinal shortening provide new indicators for assessing LV global function by cardiac MRI. There is obvious heterogeneity on LV regional function in normal adults, systolic function is the strongest in apical level and the weakest in spetal segments of LV.

Adult ; Female ; Healthy Volunteers ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ventricular Function, Left ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the left ventricular (LV) radial and longitudinal systolic function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients by 3.0 T MR.

METHODSSixteen HCM (HCM group) and twenty normal adults (normal group) were examined with fast imaging employing steady-state (FIESTA) acquisition sequence of cardiac MRI. LV ejection fraction (LVEF), longitudinal shortening (LS) and fractional shortening (FS) in three standard levels were measured to analyze LV radial and longitudinal systolic function.

RESULTSAsymmetric hypertrophy was detected in all HCM patients. The LVEF and FS were significantly higher while LS was significantly lower in HCM group than those in normal group (P < 0.05 or 0.01). FS at basal and middle levels were significantly higher in HCM group than in normal group (both P < 0.01). FS in apex level was similar in the two groups (P = 0.057). Pearson correlation analysis showed that LS was negatively related with the number of hypertrophy segments in HCM patients (r = -0.537, P = 0.032). But there was no correlation between FS and the number of hypertrophy segments as well as FS and LS in HCM patients (r = -0.090, P = 0.739; r = 0.049, P = 0.856).

CONCLUSIONThe LV longitudinal systolic function was reduced but the LV radial systolic function remained unchanged in HCM patients, thus, LS changes could better reflect myocardial systolic function in HCM patients.

Adult ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; physiopathology ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Myocardium ; Systole ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ; Ventricular Function, Left

Objective To observe the effects of wheat grain moxibustion for"Huantiao"on sciatic nerve function,pathological morphology of sciatic nerve stem and expressions of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway expression in spinal cord tissue of rats with sciatic nerve injury(SNI);To explore the possible mechanism of wheat grain moxibustion for the treatment of SNI.Methods Totally 24 SD male rats were randomly divided into blank group,sham-operation group,model group and wheat grain moxibustion group,with 6 rats in each group.The model group and the wheat grain moxibustion group used a rat model with sciatic nerve clamping injury.From the 7th day after modeling,the rats were treated with moxibustion on the affected side of"Huantiao"for 6 strokes each time,once a day,for consecutive 10 days.The sciatic nerve function index(SFI)of rats on the 7th day after modeling and after intervention were observed,mechanical withdraw threshold(MWT)in rats were measured using a fiber optic pain gauge,ELISA was used to detect NO and iNOS content in spinal cord tissue,HE staining was used to observe the morphology of sciatic nerve stem,the expression of TLR4,NF-κBp65,p-NF-κBp65,MyD88,IκBα and p-IκBα in spinal cord tissue were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the sham-operation group,the SFI and MWT of the rats in the model group significantly decreased(P<0.01),the arrangement of nerve fibers in sciatic nerve stem was disordered,with a significant increase in the number of Schwann cells and a large number of vacuolar degeneration,the content of NO,iNOS and the expression of TLR4,p-NF-κBp65,MyD88,p-IκBα protein in spinal cord tissue significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the SFI and MWT of the rats in the wheat grain moxibustion group increased significantly(P<0.01),the damage of sciatic nerve stem was reduced,with orderly cell arrangement,a decrease in the number of Schwann cells,and a decrease in axonal demyelination and cellular vacuolar degeneration,the content of NO,iNOS and the expression of TLR4,p-NF-κBp65,MyD88,p-IκBα in spinal cord tissue significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion Wheat grain moxibustion for"Huantiao"can down-regulate TLR4,p-NF-κBp65,MyD88 and p-IκBα protein expressions in spinal cord tissue of SNI rats,reduce the secretion of NO and iNOS,thereby relieve pain and damaged nerve tissue inflammation response.