AIM To study the delayed cardioprotection eff ec ts of pharmacological preconditioning of nitroglycerin (NG) and buprenorphine (B U) used alone or in combination on myocardial ischemia in rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomized to 5 groups. Normal saline (NS) was inf used intravenously with the same volume of NG and BU in Sham group. The anterior mesenteric artery was ligated for 10 min in delayed ischemic preconditioning (D IP) group. BU (1 0 mg?kg -1 ) and NG (0 3 mg?kg -1 ) was administere d intravenously alone or in combination in BU, NG and B+N group respectively. Th e ischemia and reperfusion injury were induced by ligation of left arterior desc ending coronary artery for 30 minutes and followed 2 hours reperfusion at 24 h a fter first operation. Heart rate, blood pressure, ECG ST-segment and arrhythmia s were recorded continuously throughout the whole test. The plasma LDH and CK we re measured. on 30min after ischemia and 2 h after reperfusion. HE and TTC stain ing were performed to determine the myocytes necrosis at the end of test. RESULTS Compared with sham group,DIP group reduced ST-segment during ischemia ( P

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) in the sinus mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). METHOD: Using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, testing the content of PPAR-γ in sinus mucosa and nasal polyps of patients with chronic sinusitis without nasal polyps and normal inferior turbinate, and analyzing the differences. RESULT: The PPAR-γ was found both in sinus mucosa of CRSsNP, nasal polyps of CRSwNP and in normal inferior turbinate; (2) The expression of PPAR-γ in sinus mucosa of CRSsNP and nasal polyps of CRSwNP was lower than that in normal inferior turbinate tissue, and the differences was prominent in statistics; (3) No differences in the expression of PPAR-γ were obtained in sinus mucosa of CRSsNP and nasal polyps of CRSwNP. CONCLUSION The PPAR-γ expressed in human nasal mucosa, meanwhile it was descending in sinus mucosa of CRSsNP and nasal polyps of CRSwNP. The long-term inflammations resulted from CRSsNP and nasal polyps of CRSwNP might relate to PPAR-γ, it suggested that PPAR-γ agonists may offer a new therapy for the treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis.
Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inflammation ; Nasal Mucosa ; Nasal Polyps ; metabolism ; PPAR gamma ; biosynthesis ; Rhinitis ; metabolism ; Sinusitis ; metabolism ; Turbinates

Objective:We probe more direct operation pathways in sphenoidal sinus and saddle area, and take proper measures for correlated diseases which surpass scope of sphenoidal sinus by combining image data, which could prevent serious complication.Method:Under nasal endoscope, the operation approaches we adopted included trans-anterior ethmoid sinus-posterior ethmoid sinus-sphenoidal sinus pathway, trans-meatus nasi superior-posterior ethmoid sinus-sphenoidal sinus pathway, trans nasal septum-sphenoidal sinus pathway and trans-natural opening of sphenoid sinus anterior into sphenoid sinus pathway by taking upper edge of posterior naris as a consistent surgical landmark. Forty-six cases who had sphenoidal sinus mass with bone erosion recieved surgical treatment.Result:Twenty-one cases with cyst and pus cyst of sphenoidal sinus had been healed by trans-meatus nasi superior pathway;1 case with hematoma and organization in sphenoidal sinus had been cleared by trans-meatus nasi superior pathway;3 cases had hematoma and organization in sphenoidal sinus and pseudoaneurysm in internal carotid artery,one of them suffered fatal hemorrhage in surgical exploration, and cured by endovascular embolization, the other two only underwent nasal endoscopic examination,the diagnosis was established by DSA and they received interventional therapy;4 cases with papilloma in sphenoidal sinus had been treated by trans-natural opening of sphenoid sinus approach,and 3 cases were cured,1 case had only partial mass resection as the papilloma offended the outer wall of sphenoidal sinus diffusely;2 cases with cholesteatoma of sphenoid sinus have been removed completely by trans-meatus nasi superior approach;1 case with encephalomeningocele of sphenoidal sinus underwent sphenoidotomy by trans-natural opening of anterior of sphenoidal sinus, and intraoperative puncture showed characteristic cerebrospinal fluid,the exposed meninges were then repaird surgically;1 case with mycosis of sphenoidal sinus had been cured by thorough clearing of the leision in sphenoidal sinus combined with antifungal therapy;3 cases with malignancy of sphenoidal sinus had received major mass resection of sphenoidal sinus by trans-anterior ethmoid sinus-posterior ethmoid sinus approach, and followed with radio therapy and chemotheraphy;5 cases with NPC in-volving sphenoidal sinus had been treated by radio therapy and chemotherapy after pathological examinacation;5 cases with post-operative cerebrospinal rhinorrhea and granulation hyperplasia of sphenoidal sinus had been repaired successfully by trans-meatus nasi superior approach or tans-nasal septum approach.Conclusion:There are various surgical pathways to deal with sphenoidal sinus and correlated diseases under nasal endoscope.The operation will be direct, safe and minimal invasive if we choose the pathway properly. Thin slice CT scan and 3D reconstruction of sella, and DSA or angiography of brain before operation is one of effective means to prevent surgical complications for leisions beyond scope of sphenoidal sinus.

Objective To observe the effect of cupping plus medication on the quality of life and estrogen level in perimenopausal syndrome patients. Method A total of 40 eligible perimenopausal syndrome patients were randomized into a cupping-medication group and a Chinese medication group, 20 cases in each group. The Chinese medication group was intervened by Er Xian decoction, the cupping-medication group was intervened by moving cupping on the back in addition to the treatment given to the Chinese medication group, once a week. Each item of the Menopause-specific Quality of Life (MENQOL), the levels of estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteotropic hormone (LH) in serum were observed before and after the treatment, and the results were analyzed. Result After two treatment courses, the vasomotor symptoms, mental state, physiological state, and sexual life scores in the two groups were significantly improved compared to the scores before the treatment (P<0.05,P<0.01), and there was a significant difference between the two groups in comparing the MENQOL total score (P<0.01). The between-group comparison after the treatment showed that the cupping-medication group was significantly superior to the Chinese medication group (P<0.05). After two treatment courses, the serum E2 levels in the two groups were significantly higher than those before the treatment (P<0.01), and the increase in the cupping-medication group was more significant than that in the Chinese medication group (P<0.05). After the treatment, the serum FSH and LH levels in the two groups were lower compared to those before the treatment, but without statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion Moving cupping on the back plus Er Xian decoction can effectively improve the quality of life of perimenopausal syndrome patients and significantly increase the serum E2 level, superior to using Er Xian decoction alone.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features, diagnosis and treatments of primary nasopharyngeal tuberculosis. METHOD: A case report was presented, and meanwhile etiopathogenesis and differential diagnosis were also reviewed. RESULT: A biopsy was taken and the histopathological examination showed tuberculosis granuloma with caseous necrosis. After anti-tuberculosis therapy, the symptoms disappeared. CONCLUSION Not only otologic disorders but also nasopharyngeal diseases need to be considered when aural fullness exists. More importantly, primary nasopharyngeal tuberculosis should be taken as one of the differential diagnosis.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Diseases ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Tuberculosis ; diagnosis

Objective:In order to prevent misdiagnosis and degrade death rate, we explored the early diagnosis and correct treatment methods of traumatic pseudoaneurysm of internal carotid artery in sphenoid sinus,. Method: The clinic data of 6 cases who had traumatic pseudoaneurysm of internal carotid artery in sphenoid sinus and were admited in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Large numbers of literature about the disease were re-viewed. Some early diagnosis methods and optimal treatment schemes were proposed. Result: All patients had a history of cranium trauma and recurrent attacks nasal hemorrhage. There are two patients with a complication of sight loss in single eye. In the six cases, one case was treated with unilateral common carotid artery ligation, three cases were treated with aneurysm and internal carotid artery embolism by using sacculus proprius which is able to shedding , one case was treated with internal carotid artery embolism by using tiny circlip ring . These five pa-tients were crued with no severe complication. One patient death of hemorrhea. His nasal cavity was tamponaded repeatly because repeat nasal hemorrhage. However, he had never treated with internal carotid artery embolism. Conclusion:The patients who have traumatic pseudoaneurysm of internal carotid artery usually die of unmanageable hemorrhea. The patients may be cured if they could obtain an early diagnosis and correct treatment.

Objective:To explore more reliable standards for identifying vestibular hair cells of saccule and utricle prepared in studies with patch clamp technique under inverted phase contrast microscope. Method:The length and width of two types hair cells were measured besides the length of cilia,and all datas were analyzed statistically.Result:The width and length of cilia of two types hair cells in saccule and utricle from guinea pig were similar. The length of type Ⅰ was longer than that of type Ⅱ,SO the ratio between length and width was larger and the ratio of the length between cilia and cell body was small.Conclnsion:Two type'S hair cells of saccule and utricle from guinea pig may be distinguished through the ratio of cell body's length and width even the ratio of the length between cilia and cell body,besides the standards before.

Objective To study the feasibility of in vitro release of γ-interferon tests (IGRA) in screening of tuberculosis for children with close TB contacts. Methods 185 children with close TB contacts were detected by IGRA at the pediatric clinic in our hospital. Results In IGRA-positive group, the rate of strong positive PPD (PDD≥15 mm) was 50.9%, which was higher than 9.1% in IGRA-negative group (X2 =37.263, P < 0.00). The morbidity rate for children with close TB contacts was 30.2% in IGRA-positive group, and it was significantly higher than 3.0% in IGRA-negative group (X2 = 28.928, P < 0.00). The sensitivity was 80% and the specificity was 77.6% for IGRA screening in children who had close contacts with TB patients. The sensitivity would be 95.0%, as the test was combined with PPD test. Conclusions IGRA screening in children with close TB contacts can increase the detection rate of tuberculosis and reduce imaging screening.

[Summary] The study was to introduce quality of life measurement instruments for thyroid cancer,as well as the application of these scales.(1) Quality of life scales such as generic scale SF-36,tumor-specific scale EORTC QLQ-C30 were used in previous studies.(2) In these studies,the quality of life assessment was mainly used for measurement of quality of life in patients with thyroid cancer,comparative effectiveness research and specific psychological intervention evaluation,analysis of relevant factors affecting quality of life in patients with thyroid cancer.

The change of PNA receptors on the surface of thymocytes in protein deficient mice was investigated. After the mice were fed with protein deficient diet, the body weight continuously declined and the thymus gradually a-trophied. Qualitative test of FITC-PNA indicated the number of PNA positive cells was reduced and the fluorescent antibody reaction on the surface of PNA positive cells weakened. Quantitative test of FITC-PNA showed the amount of FITC-PNA coupled on the surface of PNA positive cells was mark- edly decreased as compared with the cotrol (P