Salivary gland acinar cell carcinoma is a rare low grade malignant tumor,which always occurs in the parotid,submandibular and sublingual salivary glands,but extremely rare occurs in the nasal septum.This paper reports a case of the salivary gland acinar cell carcinoma that located in the nasal septum.

Objective To investigated the role of antithrombin Ⅲ (AT-Ⅲ) levels in the early diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in patients with sepsis and the predictive effect of AT-Ⅲ on the development of DIC.Methods A retrospective study was conducted. Patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January to December in 2015 were enrolled. The patients were divided into sepsis group and non-sepsis group according to the diagnostic criteria of sepsis. In addition, sepsis patients were divided into 3 subgroups according to the international society on thrombosis and haemostasis (ISTH) scores on the first day: overt DIC (ISTH ≥ 5), non-overt DIC (ISTH 1-4) and none DIC group (ISTH = 0). Blood routine test, prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen (Fib), D-dimer, fibrin degradation products (FDP), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) scores, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores and ISTH scores were recorded on the first ICU day. AT-Ⅲ was recorded during 7 days. The differences were compared among these 3 groups. Correlations of AT-Ⅲ with various parameters were calculated by using Pearson correlation analysis in sepsis group and overt DIC group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for diagnosis of DIC with AT-Ⅲ, AT-Ⅲ+PT were drawn to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency. The AT-Ⅲ levels of DIC patients were compared between early-onset DIC and late-onset DIC during their ICU stay. The change of AT-Ⅲ levels with time and prognosis in patients with early-onset DIC was compared between groups.Results Totally 445 patients were recruited, with 138 patients in sepsis group, and 307 in non-sepsis group. There were 20 patents diagnosed with overt DIC on the first ICU day, 115 patients non-overt DIC and 3 patients of none DIC. Twenty-five sepsis patients were diagnosed overt DIC during the ICU days. AT-Ⅲ level in sepsis patients on the first ICU day were lower than that in non-sepsis patients [(55.29±13.92)% vs. (76.54±12.31)%,P < 0.01]. Patients with overt DIC had a lower AT-Ⅲ level than non-overt DIC or none DIC patients [(43.85±13.00)% vs. (56.95±13.03)%, (68.00±16.52)%, bothP < 0.05]. It was shown by Pearson correlation analysis that AT-Ⅲ level of sepsis patients on the first ICU day was negatively correlated to ISTH score and PT (r value were -0.467, -0.654, bothP < 0.01). AT-Ⅲ level of overt DIC patient on the first ICU day was negatively correlated with PT (r = -0.675,P = 0.001). It was shown by ROC curve that area under ROC curve (AUC) of AT-Ⅲ combined with PT for diagnosis overt DIC in sepsis patients was higher than that of AT-Ⅲ or PT alone (0.843 vs. 0.763, 0.834), the sensitivity 90.0%, specificity 73.7%. The cut-off value for overt DIC diagnosis in sepsis patients of AT-Ⅲ level alone was 48.5%, sensitivity was 78.0%, specificity was 70.0%. On the first ICU day, AT-Ⅲ level was risen when ISTH score improved in patients with sepsis. There was similar change of AT-Ⅲ level between patients with early-onset DIC and late-onset DIC. AT-Ⅲ level increased with DIC improvement.Conclusion AT-Ⅲ level can be used for diagnosing sepsis-associated overt DIC independently or with a combination of PT. When ISTH score improved, AT-Ⅲ level was risen in patients with sepsis associated DIC.

This paper arranged the research results of the chemi-cal components and pharmacological effects of five kinds of Loni-cera. All these herbs have organic acids( chlorogenic acid) , fla-vonoids( galuteolin) , triterpenoid saponins, iridoids and volatile oils, and have antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, an-tioxidant, hepatoprotective, immunological effects, and so on.The major medicinal ingredients and pharmacological effects of these herbs have no significant difference. Some similar pharma-cological effects are caused by different chemical components.

Objective To comparative analysis the rabbit VX2 tumors angiogenesis in fatty liver and normal liver,and investigate the correlation of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) parameters and their angiogenesis.Methods Rabbit models of fatty liver and normal liver with implanted VX2 tumors were established.Two groups of hepatic backgrounds and VX2 tumors were analyzed by QontraXt quantitative software of CEUS.The expression level of tumor microvascular density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected with immunohistochemical techniques and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR).Results ①No significant difference was found in MVD,VEGF protein and gene expression between VX2 tumors in normal liver and fatty liver.The expression of VEGF gene in fatty liver parenchyma were lower than normal liver parenchyma (P ＜0.05).②There was positive correlation between MVD and peak intensity (r =0.494,P ＜0.05; r =0.591,P ＜0.01) both in fatty liver and normal liver VX2 tumors.The expression of VEGF protein were not correlated with TIC parameters (all P ＞ 0.05).③The MVD had positive correlation with expression of VEGF protein in fatty liver and normal liver VX2 tumors (r =0.508,P ＜0.05; r =0.570,P ＜0.01).Conclusions The expression of MVD and VEGF had no significant difference between fatty liver and normal liver VX2 tumors.The peak intensity of VX2 tumors CEUS had positive correlation with MVD both in fatty liver and normal liver,which can indirectly reflect MVD expression level and help to evaluate tumor angiogenesis.

Objective To investigate whether the activation of secretory prophospholipase A2 (sPLA2) plays the role in the pathophysiological mechanism of acute aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) in rats. Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups. Model group received decocted Aristolochia Manshuriensis Kom 30 g·kg-1d-1 by gavage for 7 days following tap water in same way for additional 7 days. Control group received only tap water by garage at parallel time. The renal pathological changes were observed at the 4th, 8th and 14th day. The injury of renal tubules and interstitium was observed under light microscope following a semi-quantity grade. The level of Scr was measured to evaluate glomerular function. Urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) was tested as renal tubular injury marker. The activity of sPLA2 in serum was detected by manifesting the color of thiols in the substrate. The protein expression of renal cortex and medulla COX-2 was analyzed by Western blot. The metabolic products of pretaglandins (PC, s) including 6-kcto-PGF1α and TXB2 in the plasma and urine were assayed by radioimmunoassay. The ratio of 6-keto-PGF1α/TXB2 was calculated. Results After Aristolochia administration, the tubulointerstitial injury and Scr increased in AA rats and reached the peak at the 8th day, the tubulointerstitial injury index(8.14±2.55 vs 1.50±0.71, P<0.05) and Scr[(0.24±0.10) vs (0.19±0.02) μmol/g, P<0.05] increased significantly in AA rats compared with control group. The activity of sPLA2 (μmol ·min-1·mg-1) in AA group elevated by 1.3-fold compared to control group at 8th day (133.15±17.05 vs 101.3±16.07, P<0.05), while theexpression of COX-2 in renal cortex increased (1.16±0.36 vs 0.69±0.28, P<0.05) with no change in renal medulla. Even though the levels of serum 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2 did not change obviously in both AA and control group, but urinary levels of 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2 increased by 2-fold and 3-fold in AA group compared to control group, respectively (all P<0.05), while the ratio of 6-keto-PGF1α/TXB2 decreased significantly (207.53±17.52 vs 296.64±51.31, P<0.05). All of above changes recovered to the control level at the 14th day except the tubulointerstitial injury index. Conclusion Serum sPLA2 is activated in the rots with acute kidney injury induced by aristolochic acid, which accompanied by up-regulated expression of COX-2 in renal cotex and increased the metabolic products of vasoconstrictive PG s in urine. These changes may participate the mechanism of renal peritubular ischemia in AAN.

The single molecule imaging and technologies that developed in 1990 s have successfully probed the dynamics of single molecule enzyme catalysis in real time in vitro. Ever since then, single molecule enzymology has entered the golden age of rapid developing. Individual features of each enzyme hidden in the overall average have been discovered, and many new catalytic mechanisms have been proposed. Single molecule enzymology sheds light on the dynamic interactions between enzymes and substrates or products, deepening the understanding of biochemical reactions. This review described the recent research progresses of single molecule protease and ribozyme.

Objective To investigate the conventional ultrasound characteristics of VX2 tumors in fatty liver and normal liver of rabbits,furthermore,to analysis the blood flow characteristics of them with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).Methods Rabbit model of fatty liver and normal liver with implanted VX2 tumors were established,and examined using conventional and CEUS.QontraXt quantitative software of CEUS was used.Results The fatty liver models with 20 VX2 tumors and normal liver models with 23 VX2 tumors were successfully developed in rabbits.In conventional ultrasonography,hyperechoic VX2 tumor lesions in fatty liver were far less than them in normal liver (P =0.008).No significant difference was found in iso-echoic and hypoechoic VX2 tumor lesions between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with normal liver parenchyma,arrival time of fatty liver parenchyma was later,peak intensity was lower (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in arrival time,peak intensity,sharpness,area under curve between the VX2 tumors of normal liver and fatty liver (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions There is a significant difference characteristic in conventional ultrasonography between VX2 tumors in fatty liver and normal liver.Fatty liver blood perfusion effects are lower than normal liver in CEUS.Quantitative parameters of CEUS are more objective and accurate for hemodynamic of VX2 tumors and fatty liver.

Objective To analyze hepatic inflammatory pseudoneoplasm with fatty liver and normal liver perfusion blood characteristics and quantitative parameters using real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and time intensity curve.Methods Twenty rabbits (including ten with fatty liver and ten with normal liver) with thirty-nine inflammatory pseudoneoplasm of the liver (IPL) were studied by low mechanical index CEUS with bolus injection of SonoVue via peripheral auricular vein and QontraXt quantitative analysis software.IPL contrast-enhanced ultrasound blood perfusion characteristics with two different liver background were analyzed.Results ①According to the different pathological elements,IPL showed four kinds of CEUS types:one lesion showed absent contrast enhancement pattern (type Ⅰ),nineteen lesions showed iso-enhancement pattern (type Ⅱ),six lesions showed hypo-enhancement pattern (type Ⅲ),thirteen lesions showed fast-in and fast-out pattern (type Ⅳ).②Compared with normal liver,arrival time of fatty liver was later and its peak intensity was lower.②Compared with peripheral parenchyma,arrival time of IPL was later,peak intensity was lower and its sharpness was sharper (P ＜0.05).④Between IPL lesions with two different liver background,there was no significant difference about parameters of the time-intensity curve (P ＞0.05).Conclusions Due to different pathological elements,IPL lesions have multiform perfusion patterns in CEUS.CEUS and time intensity curve could provide enough perfusion information for IPL and liver parenchyma more accurately.

Objective To investigate the effects of different wavelength (595 nm,755 nm and 1064 nm) lasers on the mRNA expression of types Ⅰ and Ⅲ procollagen in cultured fibroblasts.Methods Fibroblasts from Kunming mice were cultured in vitro.They were divided into 595 nm laser group,755 nm laser group,1064 nm laser group and no laser irradiating group.The mRNA expression of the types Ⅰ and Ⅲ procollagen was detected by RT-PCR.Results The mRNA expression level of type Ⅰ procollagen in 1064 nm group was higher than that of 755 nm group,595 nm group and control group (P＜0.05).The expression levels of 755 nm group and 595 nm group were higher than that of control group (P＜0.05).But the difference between 755 nm group and 595 nm group was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The mRNA expression level of type Ⅲ procollagen in 1064 nm group was higher than that in 755 nm group,595 nm group and control group (P＜0.05).755 nm group had higher expression than 595 nm group and control group (P＜0.05).But the difference between 595 nm group and the control group was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Three wavelength lasers can directly promote mRNA expression of types Ⅰ and Ⅲ procollagen in fibroblasts.595 nm laser mainly promotes mRNA expression of type Ⅰ procollagen,and 755 nm laser promotes more mRNA expression of type Ⅲ procollagen than 595 nm laser.The most mRNA expression of types Ⅰ and Ⅲ procollagen is promoted by 1064 nm laser.

Objective To explore the epidemiological status of abnormal glucose metabolism and its influential factors among middle and aged population with hypertension in Chengdu area. Methods In 2008, after adopting the methods of stratified cluster sampling, the authors investigated 4685 subjects of the middle and aged population between the age of 40-79 in Chengdu urban and rural area by checking blood pressure and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTY). Patients with previously known diabetes mellitus (DM) were only asked to perform fasting glucose and to carry out a questionnaire. Comparison of the prevalence rates of abnormal glucose metabolism in hypertensive and non-hypertensive subjects was carried out. The prevalence rates of isolated impaired glucose tolerance (I-IGT) and isolated postprandial hyperglycemia (IPH) among middle and aged subjects with hypertension were acquired and the influential factors of abnormal glucose metabolism among middle and aged subjects with hypertension were analyzed. Results The prevalence rate of abnormal glucose metabolism in the hypertensive subjects was obviously higher than that in the non-hypertensive subjects; without using OGTT, 72.9% of the pre-diubetic and 54. 4% of the new diagnosed DM patients would remain undiagnosed if fasting plasma glucose detection was used alone. Age, diabetic history of first degree relatives ,overweight or obesity were the risk factors for the development of abnormal glucose metabolism among middle and aged male subjects with hypertension in Chengdu area. Exercise training and high education level were the protective factors. Age, diabetic history of first degree relatives,abdominal obesity and hypertriglyceridemia were the risk factors for the development of abnormal glucose metabolism among middle and aged female subjects with hypertension in Chengdu area. Conclusions More than 50% of middle and aged subjects with hypertension in Chengdu area has accompanying abnormal glucose metabolism. OGTT easily discloses the abnormal status and should be a routine procedure in the diagnosis of pre-diabetes or DM in such population. Appropriate exercise, learning diabetes-related knowledge to take reasonable lifestyle, and intervention of metabolic factors such as overweight or obesity are advised. Abdominal obesity and hypertriglyceridemia play important roles in leading to abnormal glucose metabolism among middle and aged population with hypertension.