Wiry pulse is one of the common pulse tracings, which was recorded firstly in Inner Canon of Huangdi. Most of the modern textbooks of diagnostics of TCM consider that it relates with liver-gallbladder diseases, ache and phlegm-fluid retention,etc. However, there was not record of stringy pulse relating with liver-gallbladder diseases in Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases. From the original of ZHANG Zhong-jing, this article researched the author’s object of discussing stringy pulse, which can be induced as three aspects: diagnosing diseases, analysing pathogenesis and deducing prognosis. The anticle maybe benefi ted to clinical work of TCM.

Large amounts of calcium are transferred from mother to fetus to meet the fetus's demand for calcium during its bone development.Pregnant women should increase the intake of calcium and vitamin D.However,the exact maternal vitamin D requirements and supplementation remain controversial.This article reviews the recent updates in this field with an attempt to provide evidences for nutritional decision-making.

AIM To elucidate the possible antiarrhythmic mechanism of matrine. METHODS Whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to record ionic currents in ventricular myocytes. RESULTS In guinea pig ventricular myocytes, matrine 100 μmol·L-1 prolonged 90% action potential duration (APD90) by 40% at a stimulation of 0.1 Hz in a frequency-independent manner, inhibited IK1 by 47% at the test potential of -120 mV, reduced IKr,tail by 50% and had no effect on IKs,tail. CONCLUSION Matrine prolonged APD through blockade of multiple potassium currents, which may relate to its antiarrhythmic efficacy.

Objective To assess the clinical features and risk factors of coronary heart disease(CHD)in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods The clinical data of 32 lupus patients with CHD and 64 age and sex-matched lupus patients without CHD from a total of 1792 in-patients with lupus from January 1994 to December 2008 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.The traditional risk factors of atherosclemsis as well as their association with the characteristics of lupus were evaluated and compared between the two group of patients.Results The average age of CHD group was(51±12)years with an average disease duration of((8±6) years、.The most common coronary events were acute myocardial infaretio(53%)and non-stable,angina[34%).Among the 12 patients who accepted coronary angiography or computed tomography scan of coronary artery,11 patients had significant atheroselerosis lesions and 1 had thrombosis in coronary arteries.Their atheroselerosis lesions were severe,which manifested as diffuse stenosis and severe calcification.Compared to the control group,the CHD group patients had more traditional risk factors[(3.9±1.8)vs(2.0±1.6),P<0.01 j as well as higher prevalence of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,postmenopausal and smoking(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the CHD group patients had longer SLE duration[12.0(6.3~19.8)vs 2.0[O.8～9.0)years,P<0.01)J,higher C3 level[(750±364)vs(598±267)mg/L,P<0.05]and higher totalprednisone dose[28.8(0~49.8)vs 24.0(0~24.6)g,P<0.05]compared to patients without CHD.No significant differences were found in auto-antibodies,SLE disease activity,organ damage,average Drednisone dose and cyclophosI,hamide usage between the two groups of patients.Multi-variate analysls showed more traditional risk factors(OR:1.62)and longer SLE duration(OR=1.09)Were independent predictors of CHD.Condusion Atherosclerosis is a common pathological change of coronary in lupus patients with CHD.Traditional risk flactors of atherosclerosis and lupus duration are identified to be the independent risk factors of CHD in SLE patients.Early interventions for traditional risk factors and appropriate control of lupus arerecommended.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between pathological findings and clinical characteristics of patients with Sj(o)gren's syndrome (SS). Methods Eighty-four patients diagnosed with SS from 119 suspected ones at Peking University First Hospital were recruited. According to the pathological changes of lip biopsy, 64 patients were focus score (FS)( + ) and 20 patients were FS (-). In the FS( + ) group, 20 patients had germinal center (GC)( + ) and 44 patients had no GC. x2 test and t test were used for statistical analysis. Results The duration of symptoms of dry eyes or dry mouth in the FS (+) group was longer than that in the FS (-) group (P＜0.05). In the FS ( + ) patients, those with GC (+) had significantly longer duration of xerothalmia or xerostomia, higher serum IgG levels, greater FS score, and higher incidence of system involvement than those without GC patients (P＜0.05). In the FS (-) group, lip biopsies showed degenerative changes in 6 (30%) patients. Those with degenerative changes had longer duration of dry eyes and dry mouth and higher incidence of system involvement. Conclusion GC (+) in FS (+) patients and degenerative changes in FS (-) patients from lip biopsy are associated with severer clinical manifestations in patients with SS, suggesting that more clinical attention should be paid to this subgroup of patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the neural mechanism of processing the salient target during the visual search task with spatiotemporal patterns of event-related potential(ERP).MethodsSixteen subjects were asked to judge the existence of a low or high salient target from 4 items,in which one distractor might be also salient or not.A two-way repeated-measure ANOVA was carried out for behavioral performance and ERP data( distractor saliency:YES,NO)*( target:none,low salient,high salient).ResultsSignificant interaction was found between target and distractor for the reaction time (F( 1.99,29.79) =21.56,P=0.00).For the low salient target,significant difference of reaction time was found between the YES (552.57 ± 82.32 ms) and NO (540.47 ± 75.68 ms)of distractor saliency( t (15) =- 2.489,P =0.025 ).However,such difference of reaction time was not significant for the high salient target.The statistical parametric mapping of F-value of ERP suggested the effect of the distractor saliency revealed in the right fronto-parietal-temporal areas related to stimulus novelty and the effect of the target saliency appeared in the parietal-occipital regions related to visual processing during the same stage ( 350 ～ 450ms ).The significant interaction occurred in the left temporal regions (450 ～ 600 ms ) related to stimulus familiarity and its classification.ConclusionDue to both mechanisms of the parallel processing for the target and the distractor during the perceptual stage and the effective classification of the familiar network within left hemisphere during the stage of pattern classification,the salient target can be processed quickly in spite of the interference from the salient distractor.

Islet transplantation is an effective method for diabetic therapy. This article reviews the recent achievments in the study of induction differentiation of embryonic and adult stem cells into pancreatic islets, and expects that the breakthrough in this field would provide a new method for diabetic therapy.

Objective To improve the in vivo analgesic activity of acacetin and find leads for the development of new drugs, novel acacetin derivatives containing alkyl amide groups with different length of carbon chain were designed and synthesized according to the molecular structure of the active hit compound found in our previous work. Methods Using apigenin as the initial chemical ma-terial,the acacetin was synthesized through 3 steps,then the target compounds were prepared by conjugating hydroxy group of acace-tin at position 7 with bromoalkyl amides. The analgesic activity of the target compounds was evaluated by acetic acid writhing model of mice. Results and Conclusion Novel acacetin alkyl amide derivatives showed more potent analgesic activities than that of clinical medicine diclofenac,which could be used as leads for further development of new drugs.

BACKGROUND: Autologous bone graft was always applied to repair bony cavity defect produced by benign bone tumor.OBJECTIVE: Taking autogenous bone graft for repairing bony cavity defect caused by bone tumor or tumor-like pathological change as control standard, to observe transplantation of deproteined bovine cancellous bone combined with autogenous red marrow in occluding the residual cavity and the density of newly formed bone.DESIGN: A randomized grouping design, controlled observation SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, the 175 Hospital of Chinese PLA PARTICIPANTS:We recruited 175 cases of bony cavity defect who received treatment in the Department of Orthopaedics, the 175 Hospital of Chinese PLA from July 1993 to July 1998. They were randomly assigned into two groups: experimental group and control group. There were 63 cases treated in the experimental group. The average disease-suffering time was (6.2±2.1) months and bone defect was (136±30) mm3. There were 62 cases treated in the control group. The average disease-suffering time was (6.1±2.3)months, and bone defect was (133±37) mm3.METHODS: Deproteined bovine cancellous bone combined with autogenous red marrow was transplanted in the experimental group and autologous bone graft was applied in the control group. We curetted tumor completely, cauterized the wound with alcohol of 0.95 volume fraction, then curetted the area of cauterization to make it bled. Bone graft was applied.The quantity of implanted bone should be abundant, and disposed compactly. The X-ray films of the first week after operation were used as a standard for density of new bone growth. X-ray films were taken at the 3rd,6th and 8th months postoperatively, and the X-ray films of the eighth months after operation were used as a standard.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To compare the bone union in two groups with a standard of residual cavity occluding and density of bone growth.RESULTS: All patients were followed up for an average of 20 months.One case was lost six months after operation. And two cases were lost eighteen months after operation respectively in the experimental group and control group. After 8 months of operation, residual cavities of bone defect of 44 cases in experimental group and 46 cases in control group were disappeared. Palingenetic bone fused with left bone organization. Its density was the same as or higher than normal bone organization. Residual cavities of 12 cases in experimental group and 10 cases in control group were disappeared basically. The density of palingenetic bone was approximate to normal bone organization. To compare with autologous bone graft, deproteined bovine cancellous bone and an autogenous red marrow had an identical effect for repairing bony cavity defect.CONCLUSION: Bony cavity defect produced by benign bone tumor is often repaired by bone transplantation. To explore the substitutable grafting materials of autogenous bone in this study, a composite material composed of deproteined bovine cancellous bone and an autogenous red marrow (DBCAM) is applied to repair the bony cavity defect.

Objective To investigate the neural mechanism of the reduction of switch cost induced by short presentation of the task cue.Methods The event-related potentials (ERP) was recorded from 19 subjects while they performed a Chinese Stroop switching task.The factorial design of repeated-measures was adopted with the cue presentation time (100/1000 ms) and the type of succeeding task (repeat/switch).Results For the switch cost of reaction time (the switch subtracts the repeat),the difference between the long cue group (15.0 ± 33.3 ms) and the short group (0.80 -±40.7 ms) had the significantly tendency( t (18) =- 1.77,P=0.09).During the stage of cue processing,the ERP effects of cue reveal in the frontal-occipital areas ( 100 ～ 200 ms),frontoparietal and tempo-occipital regions (200 ～500 ms),frontoparietal network and centro-occipital regions (500 ～900ms).During the stage of task execution,the ERP effects of the cue were observed from the left fronto-occipital areas ( 300 ～ 400 ms) to parieto-occipital areas (400 ～ 900 ms).The ERP effects of the task started from the right hemisphere (500 ～600 ms ) and extended to bilateral prefrontal and centro-parietal area (600 ～900 ms ).Conclusion The short cue presentation can not only start up the preparation of frontoparietal network earlier during cue processing stage but also enhance its retrieval in the left dorsal lateral frontal cortex during task executive stage.