BACKGROUND:It is a key to choose an appropriate method to trans-differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)into neuron-like cells for clinical therapy of neural system injury.OBJECTIVE:To observe the feasibility of the differentiation of rat BMSCs supplemented with rat dentate gyrus extract(DGE)into neuron-like cells.METHODS:DGE was applied to induce rat BMSC trans-differentiation,using 20,40,60,80 mg/L protein concentration.Neuron differentiation was measured using Western blot to screen an optimal dosage.After trans-differentiation,different concentration treated cells were collected.Morphology change was observed following differentiation under an inverted microscope.Neuron specific enolase(NSE)and NeuN expression was determined using Western blot.NeuN expression in cells was detected using immunofluorescence technique.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 7 days,60 mg/L DGE was the optimal induction dose detected by Western blot.With increased concentration,NSE and NeuN expression was increased.At 80 mg/L mass concentration,NSE and NeuN expression was reduced.At 60 mg/L DGE,BMSCs following induction became long,with synapses,Immunofluorescence NeuN staining found that neuron-like cells were positive for NeuN following induction.Results indicated that DGE is an effective biological inductor that can induce BMSC differentiation.

This study was aimed to explore brain regions which were closely related to the disease onset of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) with liver-qi depression. The BOLD-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used in the study. The processing of imaging data was based on the SPM 8 software and the REST software of the matlab platform. Each cluster was more than 389 continuous voxel. The brain region with single voxel of P < 0.05 (corrected) was defined as region with statistical significance. The 2 Sample T-Test was applied in the case group and the control group. The results showed that compared with the normal control group, the frontal lobe, occipital lobe, insula, limbic lobe, basal nuclei, and cingulate gyrus were activated in the PMS with liver-qi depression cases. It was concluded that the disease onset of PMS with liver-qi depression cases was related to brain regions such as frontal lobe, occipital lobe, insula, limbic lobe, basal nuclei, and cingulate gyrus.

Objective To observe the level of supportive care need and quality of life in patients postoperation for breast cancer and ac-cepting chemotherapy, and the relationship between them. Methods From September, 2015 to June, 2016, 235 patients with breast cancer af-ter surgery were conveniently sampled, and investigated with the general situation questionnaire, Supportive Care Need Survey Short-form (SCNS-SF34) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B). Results A total of 230 patients were analyzed. Patients self-reported to need supportive care in all dimensions of SCNS-SF34, and the most frequency was in the health information (31.30％). The score of FACT-B was (93.25±23.53), that needed further improvement. The needs of supportive care in each dimension negatively correlat-ed with the scores of FACT-B in the dimensions (|r|>0.168, P<0.05) except society/family and function. Conclusion The patients with breast cancer need variety of supportive care, which may impact their quality of life.

Carboxylesterases (CESs) play important roles in the metabolism of endogenous and foreign compounds in physiological and pharmacological responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dexamethasone at different doses on the expression of CES1 and CES2. Imidapril and irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11) were used as special substrates for CES1 and CES2, respectively. Rat hepatocytes were cultured and treated with different concentrations of dexamethasone. The hydrolytic activity of CES1 and CES2 was tested by incubation experiment and their expression was quantitated by real-time PCR. A pharmacokinetic study was conducted in SD rats to further evaluate the effect of dexamethasone on CESs activity in vivo. Western blotting was performed to investigate the regulatory mechanism related to pregnane X receptor (PXR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The results showed that exposure of cultured rat hepatocytes to nanomolar dexamethasone inhibited the imidapril hydrolase activity, which was slightly elevated by micromolar dexamethasone. For CES2, CPT-11 hydrolase activity was induced only when dexamethasone reached micromolar levels. The real-time PCR demonstrated that CES1 mRNA was markedly decreased by nanomolar dexamethasone and increased by micromolar dexamethasone, whereas CES2 mRNA was significantly increased by micromolar dexamethasone. The results of a complementary animal study showed that the concurrent administration of dexamethasone significantly increased the plasma concentration of the metabolite of imidapril while the ratio of CPT-11 to its metabolite SN-38 was significantly decreased. PXR protein was gradually increased by serial concentrations of dexamethasone. However, only nanomolar dexamethasone elevated the level of GR protein. The different concentrations of dexamethasone required suggested that suppression of CES1 may be mediated by GR whereas the induction of CES2 may result from the role of PXR. It was concluded that dexamethasone at different concentrations can differentially regulate CES1 and CES2.

In order to improve the bonding strength of the hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on the metal substrate, we prepared the HA-Ti/HA composite coatings by two-step electrodeposited method, and then we studied the component, microstructure, surface morphologies and the bonding strength of the HA-Ti/HA composite coatings. SBF test and cell culture in vitro were carried out to evaluate the biological properties of the composite coatings. The results showed that the bonding strength of the HA-Ti/HA composite coating (Ti, 51.2wt%) was as high as 21.2 MPa which was 3 times that of pure HA coatings. The coatings' surface was covered by carbonate-apatite layer after being immersed in SBF, and the bone marrow cells attached firmly and proliferated well on the surface of composite coatings. These findings indicate that the composite coatings possess good bioactivity and excellent biocompatibility.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cells, Cultured ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemistry ; Dogs ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; Electrochemistry ; Surface Properties ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Titanium ; chemistry

Carboxylesterases (CESs) play important roles in the metabolism of endogenous and foreign compounds in physiological and pharmacological responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dexamethasone at different doses on the expression of CES1 and CES2. Imidapril and irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11) were used as special substrates for CES1 and CES2, respectively. Rat hepatocytes were cultured and treated with different concentrations of dexamethasone. The hydrolytic activity of CES1 and CES2 was tested by incubation experiment and their expression was quantitated by real-time PCR. A pharmacokinetic study was conducted in SD rats to further evaluate the effect of dexamethasone on CESs activity in vivo. Western blotting was performed to investigate the regulatory mechanism related to pregnane X receptor (PXR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The results showed that exposure of cultured rat hepatocytes to nanomolar dexamethasone inhibited the imidapril hydrolase activity, which was slightly elevated by micromolar dexamethasone. For CES2, CPT-11 hydrolase activity was induced only when dexamethasone reached micromolar levels. The real-time PCR demonstrated that CES1 mRNA was markedly decreased by nanomolar dexamethasone and increased by micromolar dexamethasone, whereas CES2 mRNA was significantly increased by micromolar dexamethasone. The results of a complementary animal study showed that the concurrent administration of dexamethasone significantly increased the plasma concentration of the metabolite of imidapril while the ratio of CPT-11 to its metabolite SN-38 was significantly decreased. PXR protein was gradually increased by serial concentrations of dexamethasone. However, only nanomolar dexamethasone elevated the level of GR protein. The different concentrations of dexamethasone required suggested that suppression of CES1 may be mediated by GR whereas the induction of CES2 may result from the role of PXR. It was concluded that dexamethasone at different concentrations can differentially regulate CES1 and CES2.
Animals ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases ; genetics ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; immunology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; metabolism

Modulating drug release from liposomes at tumor sites are important for eliciting therapeutic effects of platinum drugs considering their low permeability through liposomal membranes, here a novel secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) responsive-liposome system was constructed for oxaliplatin (L-OHP).Lipid ingredients dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and distearoyl phosphoethanolamine-PEG2k, together with facial amphiphiles (FAs) including lithocholic acid (LCA) or 3-keto lithocholic acid (kLCA) were used to prepare sPLA2 responsive-liposome (LCA-Lip or kLCA-Lip) by thin-film hydration method.The physicochemical properties, sPLA2-responsive drug release and anti-tumor activity were evaluated in vitro.The results indicated L-OHP loaded liposomes modified with FAs had similar particle sizes of approximately 100 nm and narrow size distributions (PDI < 0.11).Compared with non-FAs-containing liposomes (C-Lip), LCA-Lip or kLCA-Lip has a comparable entrapment efficiency and loading efficiency.LCA-Lip or kLCA-Lip didn't show significant higher drug leakage at the presence of 10% or 50% fetal bovine serum (FBS) in media than that in media without FBS.Treated with secretory phospholipase A2 from Colo205 cells culture conditioned medium (CCM sPLA2) for 24 h, FAs modified liposomes released about 70% of carboxyfluorescein (CF), while C-Lip only released 20% of CF.Compared to L-OHP loaded C-Lip, L-OHP-loaded FAs-included formulations had much greater anti-proliferative activity against sPLA2-secreting Colo205 cells.In summary, our results shows that LCA or kLCA promotes responsiveness of liposomes to tumor-related sPLA2 and points to a new way to develop platium drugs-loaded liposomal delivery systems with better release mechanisms.

Background and objectiveLung cancer is a malignancy with high morbidity and mortality rates world-wide. Surgery is the preferred treatment for non-small cell lung cancer. hTis study aims to investigate the effects of video-as-sisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy, VATS segmentectomy, and open thoracotomy on pulmonary function in the early postoperative stage and compare the difference among three groups.MethodsPulmonary function data of patients were collected from September 2015 to February 2016 in Department of hToracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. hTe patients were categorized according to operation methods into three groups, namely, VATS segmentectomy, VATS lobectomy, and open thoracotomy groups. Pulmonary function was assessed 1 day before the surgery, 3 days atfer the surgery, and 3 months atfer the surgery. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 20.0 through single-factor analysis of variance.Results Pulmonary function 3 days atfer the surgery was compared among the three groups. hTere was a signiifcant difference in forced vital capacity (FVC), FVC%, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1%, peak ex-piratory lfow (PEF), maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), transfer factor for carbon monoxide of lung (TLCO) and TLCO%(P values were as follows: 0.033, 0.042, 0.029, 0.045, 0.039, 0.021, 0.018, 0.024). hTe comparison of pulmonary function of 3 groups at the time of 3 months atfer operation showed that there was a signiifcant difference among three groups in FVC,FVC%, FEV1, FEV1%, PEF, MVV, TLCO, TLCO% (P values were as follows: 0.019, 0.024, 0.044, 0.021, 0.037, 0.029, 0.045, 0.017).ConclusionNo matter in the early stage atfer surgery or at the time of 3 months atfer surgery, the patients’ pulmonary function in VATS segmentectomy is better than the data of VATS lobectomy group, and the pulmonary function data of VATS lobectomy patients recovered better than the open thoracotomy group.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and surgical treatment of chest aggressive fibromatosis.Methods Twenty-five patients with aggressive fibromatosis treated from September 1998 to May 2014 in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were included in this study.Results The 25 patients, including 12 males and 13 famales, had an average age of 38 (range 15-76 years).The initial manifestations included chest pain (9 patients, 36.0%) and shortness of breath (1 patient).In 13 patients (52.0%) the tumor was found in a physical examination.Two patients ( 8.0%) were detected during an operation for lung disease.The tumor was located in the left chest wall in 15 patients, and located on the right side in 10 patients.Among them, the most common locations were the left front chest wall and the right front chest wall.The operation method affects the prognosis. Radiological imaging and needle biopsy did not make a correct diagnosis, and the diagnosis of aggressive fibromatosis was confirmed by pathology using immunohistechmistry after surgery.13 patients underwent tumor resection, 9 cases had expanded resection, 3 patients had palliative resection.Six cases received radiotherapy after surgery.The median follow-up time was 101.5 months.Currently , all of the 25 patients are still alive, but 5 cases had local recurrence after surgery, among them, 4 patients received tumor resection, and one patient underwent expanded resection.Conclusions Aggressive fibromatosis is a low-grade malignant tumor.The diagnosis of aggressive fibromatosis needs to be confirmed by pathology using immunohistechmical staining after surgery.Although this tumor is liable to relapse, its prognosis is favorable. Radical surgery is the most important treatment for patients to get a higher quality of life and long-term survival without recurrence.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and surgical treatment of chest aggressive fibromatosis.Methods Twenty-five patients with aggressive fibromatosis treated from September 1998 to May 2014 in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were included in this study.Results The 25 patients, including 12 males and 13 famales, had an average age of 38 (range 15-76 years).The initial manifestations included chest pain (9 patients, 36.0%) and shortness of breath (1 patient).In 13 patients (52.0%) the tumor was found in a physical examination.Two patients ( 8.0%) were detected during an operation for lung disease.The tumor was located in the left chest wall in 15 patients, and located on the right side in 10 patients.Among them, the most common locations were the left front chest wall and the right front chest wall.The operation method affects the prognosis. Radiological imaging and needle biopsy did not make a correct diagnosis, and the diagnosis of aggressive fibromatosis was confirmed by pathology using immunohistechmistry after surgery.13 patients underwent tumor resection, 9 cases had expanded resection, 3 patients had palliative resection.Six cases received radiotherapy after surgery.The median follow-up time was 101.5 months.Currently , all of the 25 patients are still alive, but 5 cases had local recurrence after surgery, among them, 4 patients received tumor resection, and one patient underwent expanded resection.Conclusions Aggressive fibromatosis is a low-grade malignant tumor.The diagnosis of aggressive fibromatosis needs to be confirmed by pathology using immunohistechmical staining after surgery.Although this tumor is liable to relapse, its prognosis is favorable. Radical surgery is the most important treatment for patients to get a higher quality of life and long-term survival without recurrence.