OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of the establishment of the orthotopic transplantation tumor model of hepatocellular carcinoma in mice and its tumor biological characteristics. METHODS: H22 cells of hepatocellular carcinoma were inoculated to form ectopic transplanted model in mice by subcutaneous injection. Then the subcutaneous tumors were implanted into the liver of mice, and the orthotopic transplantation tumor model of hepatocellular carcinoma was established. RESULTS: The successful rate of the orthotopic transplantation tumor model was 95.6% and the spontaneous metastatic rate was 81.8%, the rate of mass ascites was 40.9% and the natural extinctive rate was 0%. The natural survival time in the orthotopic transplantation tumor model was 28 days and the proliferation of tumor in transplanted model was accelerated after 2 weeks or so. CONCLUSION: The orthotopic transplantation tumor model in mice is an ideal model for studying the metastatic mechanism and screening anti-tumor drugs for liver cancer, just because of its high successful rate and high spontaneous metastatic rate with no natural extinction.

Objective: To determinate the content of bufalin,resibufogenin and cinobufagin in Cinobufacini Injection. Methods: Liposoluble components in cinobufacini were extracted with ethyl acetate and determined by HPLC using a C 18 column, acetonitrile water(50∶50) as a mobile phase and UV detection wavelength at 299nm. Results: The method showed the good resolution, high sensitivity, satisfactory accuracy and specificity. Quantitatively analyze results showed that the concentration of bufalin, cinobufagin and resibufogenin in Cinobufacini Injection were 0.333 ?g?mL -1 , 0.159?g?mL -1 and 0.110?g?mL -1 , respectively. Conclusion: Bufalin in Cinobufacini Injection reached effective concentration, which was regarded as one of anti cancer components.

Objective:To explore the potential Hub genes, key miRNAs, biological processes and related signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), and provide bioinformatics basis for the pathogenesis and treatment of OA.Methods:The expression profiling chip of OA synovial tissue sample from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were downloaded, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and functional enrichment analysis was performed. A protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed. STRING and Cytoscape was used for module analysis, and the Hub gene was further identified, and further miRNAs mining of the Hub gene was carried out.Results:Finally, 9 Hub genes (SOCS3, BTRC, FBXO32, KLHL22, UBE3A, HUWE1, UBR4, ANAPC5, TRIM50) and 2 key miRNAs (hsa-miR-103a-3P, hsa-miR-107) related to the progression of OA were identified .They might be potential biomarkers for the pathogenesis of OA. We also found that signal transduction, the transcriptional positive regulation of RNA polymerase Ⅱ promoter, and protein serine/threoninase activity had a certain correlation with the pathogenesis of OA. In addition, our analysis results showed that cAMP signaling pathway and Rap1 signaling pathway were also involved in the progression of OA.Conclusion:The potential biological molecules, biological processes and related pathways identified in this study may guide us for the further research on the etiology and treatment of OA.

Objective:To explore the immune infiltration cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial lesions, and to provide new research directions and therapeutic targets for the pathogenesis and treatment of RA.Methods:The three gene expression data sets GSE77298, GSE55457 and GSE1919 were downloaded from gene expression omnibus (GEO) (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo), and the data were merged with Perl. The "limma" package was used to adjust batch differences. In R, "CIBERSORT" software was used to obtain the expression matrix of 22 kinds of immune cells corresponding to RA synovial tissue samples and normal synovial tissue samples were analyzed with the three packages of "e1071", "parallel" and "preprocessCore". Perl was used to screen samples with P<0.05 in the immune cell matrix. R's "barplot" function was analyzed by the percentage of 22 immune cells in samples with P<0.05. The "pheatmap" package of R was used to visualize heatmaps, and "corrplot" package was used to draw correlation heatmaps. The "vioplot" package of R was used to draw violin plots of differences via the wilcox test. Results:The results of immune cell infiltration analysis showed that in RA synovial tissue samples and normal synovial tissue samples at P<0.05, B cells naive and natural killer cells resting were under-expressed in RA synovial tissue, and plasma cells, mast cells resting, macrophages M1, B cells memory and T cells regulatory were highly expressed in RA synovial tissue. This study also found that in the same sample, the correlation coefficient between natural killer cells resting and neutrophils ( r=0.91) was the highest, indicating synergistic effect between the two. In the same sample, the correlation coefficient between macrophages M0 and plasma cells ( r=-0.88) was the lowest, indicating antagonistic effect between the two. Conclusion:The immune infiltrating cells in RA synovial lesions discovered in this study provide a certain theoretical basis and research direction for the research on the disease mechanism and treatment of RA.

Objective To identify the sets of lymphocytes that could systematically evaluate immune function of colorectal cancer patients, based on the expression of colorectal cancer T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and NKT cell surface protein receptors. Methods Peripheral blood samples from 144 patients with colorectal cancer and 87 healthy controls were collected, and the differences in surface receptors of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of patients and healthy controls were analyzed by means of flow cytometry and cell culture. Results Compared with healthy control group, the percentage of peripheral blood total lymphocytes, CD16^brightCD56^dimNK cells and NKT cells decreased in patients with colorectal cancer. The percentage of T cells, CD16^brightCD56^dimNK cells and NKT cell surface inhibitory receptors T-cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitor motif domains (TIGIT) increased; T cells, NK cells, NKT cell surface chemokine receptor C-C motif chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) slightly decreased. Conclusion There are differences in the proportion of NK cell subsets and the expression profile of surface receptors in peripheral blood of patients with colorectal cancer.
Humans ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Lymphocyte Count ; Receptors, Chemokine ; Colorectal Neoplasms

【Objective】 To construct a prediction model of severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk in the general population by using nomogram in order to explore the independent risk factors of severe OSA and guide the early diagnosis and treatment. 【Methods】 We retrospectively enrolled patients who had been diagnosed by polysomnography and divided them into training and validation sets at the ratio of 7∶3. Patients were divided into severe OSA group and non-severe OSA group according to apnea hypopnea index (AHI)>30. Variables entering the model were identified by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model (Lasso), and logistic regression (LR) method. Then, multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to establish the nomogram, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the discriminative properties of the nomogram model. Finally, we conducted decision curve analysis (DCA) of nomogram model, STOP-Bang questionnaire and Berlin questionnaire to assess clinical utility. 【Results】 Through single factor and multiple factor logistic regression analyses, the independent risk factors for severe OSA were screened out, including moderate and severe sleepiness, family history of hypertension, history of smoking, drinking, snoring, history of suffocation, sedentary lifestyle, male, age, body mass index (BMI), waist and neck circumference. Lasso logistic regression identified smoke, suffocation time, snoring time, waistline, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and BMI as predictive factors for inclusion in the nomogram. The AUC of the model was 0.795 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.769-0.820] . Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated that the model was well calibrated (χ²=3.942, P=0.862). The DCA results on the visual basis confirmed that the nomogram had superior overall net benefits within a wide, practical threshold probability range which displayed the nomogram was higher than that of STOP-Bang questionnaire and Berlin questionnaire, which is clinically useful. The Clinical Impact Curve (CIC) analysis showed the clinical effectiveness of the prediction model when the threshold probability was greater than 82% of the predicted score probability value. The prediction model determined that the high-risk population with severe OSA was highly matched with the actual population with severe OSA, which confirmed the high clinical effectiveness of the prediction model. 【Conclusion】 The model performed better than STOP-Bang questionnaire and Berlin questionnaire in predicting severe OSA and can be applied to screening. And it can be helpful to the early diagnosis and treatment of OSA in order to reduce social burden.