To study corneal lymphangiogenesis after corneal transplantation, corneal allogenic transplantation models were established in rats. 8 female Wister rats were used as donors, and 16 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used as recipients and 2 SD served as controls. Corneal lymphangiogenesis and hemangiogenesis was examined by electron microscopy 1 and 2 weeks after corneal penetrating transplantation, and the expression of lymphatic vessel endothelial receptor (LYVE-1) was examined 1, 3, 7, 14 days after the transplantation respectively. In addition, 19 allograft failed human corneas were examined by 5'-nase-alkaline phosphatase (5'-NA-ALP) double-enzyme-histochemistry staining to detect corneal lymphangiogenesis and hemangiogenesis. By immunohistochemistry for LYVE-1, it was found that blown lymphatics were localized in the stroma 3 days after the corneal transplantation. With electron microscopy, new lymphatic vessels and blood vessels were found 1 and 2 weeks after the corneal transplantation. By 5'-NA-ALP enzyme-histochemistry, corneal hemangiogenesis was found in all allograft failed human corneas and 5 of 19 (26.3 %) cases had developed corneal lymphangiogenesis. It is concluded that corneal lymphangiogenesis is present after corneal transplantation, which may play an important role in allograft rejection.
Cornea/*blood supply ; Cornea/chemistry ; Cornea/ultrastructure ; Corneal Neovascularization/etiology ; Corneal Neovascularization/metabolism ; Corneal Transplantation/adverse effects ; Corneal Transplantation/*methods ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphangiogenesis ; Microscopy, Electron ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar ; Vesicular Transport Proteins/biosynthesis

In order to investigate the efficiency of a new quantitative head-band formed ocular compressor to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular compression by this new reducer with 40 mmHg for 10 min was performed on 87 cataractous eyes of 78 cases. The changes of IOP (87 eyes) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were observed. There was a significant decrease of IOP and increase of ACD within 30 min after decompression (P < 0.001). The mean decrease of IOP was 5.62 +/- 2.41 mmHg and the mean increase of ACD was 0.18 +/- 0.09 mm within 5 min after decompression. The IOP 5 min after decompression had no significant difference with that 10 min after decompression (P > 0.05). IOP below 10 mmHg could last for about 15 min. This apparatus had been successfully applied to 80 eyes for extracapsular cataract extraction. It was suggested that this device had the advantages of safety, accurate quantification, reliable effect, casually adjusting pressure according to various demands and time-saving.
Cataract/*physiopathology ; *Cataract Extraction ; Compressive Strength ; Equipment Design ; *Intraocular Pressure ; Manometry/instrumentation ; Preoperative Care

Objective To obtain the frequency weighting contour for seated Chinese young males in z axis.Method 10 male volunteers served as the subjects.They were exposed to standard vibration stimulus (a sinusoidal vibration of 1.0 m/s2 at 8 Hz) and 14 kinds of sinusoidal experimental vibration stimuli at frequencies from 4 Hz to 80 Hz.The magnitude of the experimental vibration stimulus was changed by the subject through a signal condition and switching device made by ourselves to obtain an equal vibration sensation to the standard vibration.The data were fitted to the same form of the frequency weighting Wk of ISO 2631-1 with the least square method and optimization of parameters.Result Compared with ISO 2631-1,the frequencies weightings of Chinese young males at 16～80 Hz are significantly higher than those of ISO 2631-1(P<0.005),but there are no significant difference between two frequency weighting contours at other frequencies. Conclusion Chinese young males are more sensitive to vibration at 16～80 Hz in Z axis.

BACKGROUND: Homogenate meals, as a replacement of normal diet, can be used in either hospitals or families. The homogenate meal as nutritious supplements should contain multiple components when it is applied in senior patients with chronic diseases because of the longterm application and complex complications.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of longterm tube feed of finished product of homogenate meal on the nutritious supplements of senior patients.DESIGN: A cross-sectional study based on diagnosis.SETTING, PARTICIPANTS and METHODS: Totally 24 senior patients with chronic diseases who had been used self-made finished products of homogenate meal for more than 1 year were selected for nutritious supplement from Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. The changes of nutritious index at before and 4, 8 and 12 months after supplement were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anthropometric measurement index and laboratorial index of 24 senior patients with chronic diseases before and after intervention were compared.RESULTS: Serous albumin at before nutritious supplements, and 4, 8 and 12 months after supplements were[ (36.4 ± 4.03), (36.60 ± 4.42),(38.20 ± 3.77), and(40.40 ± 3. 33) ] g/L respectively. Phosphorus and peripheral lymphocytes were significantly heightened while blood sugar began to decrease since 4 months after intervention, which all had significant differences compared with that of before intervention( t =2. 196 -2. 356,P <0.05; t=2.958-3.431. P <0.01) .Anthropometric measurement index also improved compared with that of before intervention.CONCLUSION: Longterm application of finished product of homogenate meal can improve the nutritious status of senior patients with chronic diseases.

Objective Saxagliptin regulates the level of blood glucose by selectively inhibiting high-performance dipeptidyl peptidase 4, but its action mechanism is not yet clear .This study was to investigate the effect of the novel hypoglycemic agent Saxaglip -tin on the expression of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) and its target gene products transforming growth factor-β1 ( TGF-β1 ) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVECs) stimulated by high glucose. Methods HUVECs were cultured in with D-glucose (D-GS) at the concentrations of 5.5, 10, 20, and 30 mmol/L and Saxagliptin at 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10μmol/L.The best concentrations of D-GS and Saxagliptin were determined as 30 mmol/L and 1 μmol/L, respectively.The HUVECs were divided into four groups:control (5.5 mmol/L D-GS), Saxagliptin (5.5 mmol/L D-GS+1 μmol/L Saxagliptin ) , high glucose ( 30 mmol/L D-GS ) , and high glucose +Saxagliptin (30 mmol/L D-GS +1μmol/L Saxaglip-tin), all cultured for 24 hours.Then the expressions of MALAT1 and TGF-β1 mRNA in the cells were detected by qRT-PCR, that of the TGF-β1 protein determined by Western blot , and the level of TGF-β1 in the supernatant measured by ELISA . Results The expressions of LncRNA-MALAT1 and TGF-β1 were significantly increased in the high glucose group as compared with the control ( 8.65 ±0.70 vs1.00 ±0.00 and 1.36 ±0.07 vs 1.00 ±0.00, P<0.01) but markedly inhibited in the high glucose +Saxagliptin group in compari-son with the high glucose group (2.17 ±0.24 vs 8.65 ±0.70 and 1.15 ±0.02 vs 1.36 ±0.07, P<0.05). Conclusion High glu-cose can induce the overexpression of LncRNA-MALAT1 and its target gene products TGF-β1 in HUVECs and cause damage to the cells, while Saxagliptin can significantly suppress this effect .

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of the Radix Campylotropidis Hirtellae ( RCH ) . Methods 60%ethanol extract of the RCH was separated by column chromatography on silica gel, ODS and Sephadex LH-20 to obtain aimed compounds.Structures of the compounds were investigated by modern spectroscopy.Results Nine compounds were separated from Campylotropis hirtella ( Franch.) Schindl, and the structure of the new compound 1 was determined by spectral analysis and named hedysarimcoumestanⅠ( 1 ) , while the others were identified as the known isotrifoliol(2), hedysarimcoumestan B(3), umbelliferone(4), orobol(5), quercetin(6),(+) catechin(7), kaempferol (8) and dihydrokaempferol(9) .Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound and 3-5 are separated from C.hirtella for the first time.The screening results of inhibition of H5N1 virus activity show that compound 5 has some inhibitory activity at a level of 50.0 μg /ml.

Objective To investigate the anti-H5N1 activities and chemical constituents from stems and leaves of Buddleja lindleyana Fort.. Methods Constituents were separated through AB-8 macroporous resin, chromatography of silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and recrystallization. Structures of the compounds were identified by analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral data. Results Ten compounds were isolated and identified as linarin(1), rutin(2), luteolin(3), quercetin(4), apigenin(5), hesperetin (6), salidroside (7), oleanolic acid (8),β-sitosterol (9), and daucosterol (10), respectively. Conclusion Compounds 2-7 were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Objective To explore the effect of the simvastatin administration on the expression of connective tissue growth factor （CTGF） in fihrotic lungs of rats. Methods The cats were treated with single intratracheal instillation of bleomycin （BLM） or instillation of the same volume of normal saline （NS） as a control. The administration of simvastatin（20 mg/kg）began once a day immediately or 7 days later after intratracheal BLM instillation respectively with the same volume of NS was given as a vehicle control. The rats were killed on day 7,14 and 28 respectively. Pathological alteration of lung tissue was observed hy HE staining and Masson staining. Hydroxyproline（HYP）content in lung tissue was used to determine the severity of pulmonary fibrosis. The expression of CTGF in lung tissue was exanfined by immunohistochem- istry staining and photodeusitometry. Results Histopathological changes of pulmonary fibrosis emerged gradually after the instillation of BLM. The expression level of CTGF was increased in lungs of rats after intratracheal instillation of BLM, compared with the control. The administration of simvastatin immediately or 7 days after intratracheal instillation of BLM, attenuated the histopathological changes of bleomycin- induced puhnonary fibrosis and prevented the increased expression of CTGF in lung tissue on day 28. Conclusion The adntinistration of simvastatin, immediately or 7 days after intratracheal BLM instillation, prevented the up-regulation of CTGF in fibrotic lungs of rats, which ntight be one of the mechanisms of the anti-fihrosis of simvastatin in lungs.

The present study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of a 0.4% carbomer gel and 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) containing artificial tears in treatment of dry eye patients. Sixty subjects with mean age of 45.89 years who had symptoms and signs of dry eye were enrolled in this prospective, investigator-masked and stratified random sampling study. The subjects were divided into two parallel groups with 30 subjects (60 eyes) in each group. One group received carbomer gel, and the other group received 1% CMC containing artificial tears. Subjects received the drops 3 to 4 times or more per day for 3 months. At the first visit time, the precorneal residence time of these two drops was measured. The efficacy was assessed by comparing the subjective symptoms (ocular dryness, foreign body sensation, burning sensation and pain), and the objective test results of tears breakup time, Schirmer's test and corneal fluorescein staining prior to the study and after the treatment. As a result, the ocular residence time of carbomer gel was significantly longer than that of 1% CMC (P<0.001). Most of the primary subjective symptoms and objective test results were improved after treatment in both carbomer gel group and 1% CMC group. As to the improvement of each symptom and objective test result, carbomer gel was more effective than 1% CMC group (P<0.01). In conclusion, carbomer gel had longer precorneal residence time and was more effective than 1% CMC in the treatment of patients with dry eyes.
Acrylic Resins/*administration & dosage ; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium/*administration & dosage ; Dry Eye Syndromes/*drug therapy ; Gels/*administration & dosage ; Ophthalmic Solutions/administration & dosage ; Prospective Studies