Objective To study the immunosuppression mechanism induced by ultraviolet (UV) and cis-urocanic acid. Method The auto lymphocyte proliferation test with Langerhans＇ cell (LC) in guinea -pig was performed. Results In exposure to low dose of UVB (25 J/m2) radiation, the inhibition rate of lymphocyte proliferation stimulated by LC was 10. 5%, the inhibition rates of UVB radiation in doses of 50 J/m2 and 100 J/m2 were 22.4% or 50%, respectively. The lymphocyte proliferation was almost completely suppressed by200J/m2 UVB radiation, while the inhibition of LC function by cis-urocanic acid was weak. Conclusion UVB significantly inhibits LC auto -stimulation in dose -dependent way, which may play an important role in UVB induced immunosuppression.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis of mesenteric vascular diseases by two-dimensional ultrasonography and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and to summarize ultrasonographic imaging features.Methods Eighteen patients were examined by ultrasonography in emergency.The thickness,scope and echo of the wall of the small intestine,the condition of intestinal peristalsis,the blood flow of the wall of the bowel and the mesentery were measured by ultrasonography.Results The diagnosis of all the cases was confirmed by operation.The accuracy rate of ultrasonographic examination was 83.3% (15/18).Two patients were pseudo-positive( 11.1% ) and one patient was pseudo-negative( 5.6% ).Conclusions The ultrasonographic examination with directimaging features can determine the diagnosis of the disease and assess the classification and scope of mesenteric vascular diseases,hence is the first choice and an indispensable method.

Objective To study the immunosuppression mechanism induced by ultraviolet (UV) and cis urocanic acid. Method The auto lymphocyte proliferation test with Langerhans′ cell (LC) in guinea-pig was performed. Results In exposure to low dose of UVB (25 J/m2) radiation, the inhibition rate of lymphocyte proliferation stimulated by LC was 10.5％ , the inhibition rates of UVB radiation in doses of 50 J/m2 and 100 J/m2 were 22.4％ or 50％ , respectively. The lymphocyte proliferation was almost completely suppressed by 200 J/m2 UVB radiation, while the inhibition of LC function by cis urocanic acid was weak. Conclusion UVB significantly inhibits LC auto-stimulation in dose-dependent way, which may play an important role in UVB induced immunosuppression.

The polyclonal antibodies against VLDL receptor were prepared and identified. Rabbits were immunized with polypeptide fragment of VLDL receptor as antigen. The collected blood serum of the immunized rabbits was analyzed and identified by using ELISA and Western Blot. The results showed that the rabbit against mouse and human VLDL receptor antibodies were obtained with high titer and could recognize the natural VLDL receptors through Western blot. The prepared polyclonal antibodies against VLDL receptor provide a new tool to study the protein of VLDL receptor.
Antibodies/chemistry ; Antibodies/*immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Peptides/*immunology ; Receptors, LDL/*immunology

Objective To investigate the effect of insulin and gliclazide therapy on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and insulin sensitivity in the liver of type 2 diabetic rats.Methods A high fat diet plus a low-dose of streptozotocin was implemented to create a type 2 diabetic rats which were randomly divided into diabetes mellitus (DM) group,insulin treatment (INS) group and gliclazide treatment (GT)group; and healthy rats were as normal control group.Diabetic rats in INS and GT groups were given neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH) insulin and gliclazide respectively for 3 weeks.Protein expression levels of immunoglobulin binding protein (Bip),spliced X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-ls),phosphorylated c-Jun on serine 73 (p-c-Jun),phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 on serine 307 (p-IRS-1),and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) in liver homogenate were detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with the normal rats,Bip and XBP-Is in the DM group were up-regulated (0.28 ±0.07 vs 0.90 ±0.10 for Bip;0.41 ± 0.07 vs 0.95 ±0.07 for XBP-1 s; both P ＜ 0.01 ) ; p-c-Jun (0.59 ± 0.18 vs 1.94 ± 0.03 ),p-IRS-1( 1.73 ± 0.18 vs 5.32 ± 0.22) and G6Pase (0.11 ± 0.01 vs 0.45 ± 0.01 ) were increased ( all P values ＜0.01 ).In the INS group,all of aforementioned changes were reversed (0.90 ± 0.10 vs 0.25 ± 0.04 for Bip; 0.95 ±0.07 vs 0.47 ±0.01 for XBP-1s; 1.94 ± 0.03 vs 0.50 ±0.10 for p-c-Jun; 5.32 ± 0.22 vs 1.59 ±0.32 for p-IRS-1 ; 0.45 ±0.01 vs 0.15 ±0.02 for G6Pase,all P values ＜0.01 ).In the GT group,all of aforementioned changes were also attenuated ( 0.90 ± 0.10 vs 0.53 ± 00.02 for Bip ; 0.95 ± 0.07 vs 0.78±0.02 for XBP-1s; 1.94 ±0.03 vs 1.33 ±0.11 for p-c-Jun; 5.32 ±0.22 vs 3.13 ±0.02 for p-IRS-1; 0.45 ± 0.01 vs 0.25 ± 0.01 for G6Pase,all P values ＜ 0.05).Furthermore,all of aforementioned protein levels were down-regulated more obviously in the INS group comparing to the GT group ( all P values ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Both insulin and gliclazide therapy could relieve ER stress and e-Jun N-terminal kinase activity and improved insulin sensitivity.The effect of insulin on Bip,XBP-1s,p-c-Jun,p-IRS-1 and G6Pase protein expressions is more obvious than that of glilcazide,which indicates besides lowering glucose,insulin might have protective effects of anti-inflammation,anti-oxidative stress or stimulation of lipid redistribution.

Objective To investigate the role of regulatory T (Treg) / T helper type 17 (Th17) cells in the pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU).Methods Eighty-nine patients with CSU were enrolled in this study,including 48 in active stage and 41 in remission stage.Forty-eight health check-up examinees,who were collected from the community hospitals in Guangzhou city,served as the healthy controls.Fluorescence-based realtime quantitative PCR was performed to determine the expression of transcription factors FOXP3 and RORγt in PBMCs from these subjects.Results Compared with the patients with CSU in remission stage and healthy controls,the patients in active stage showed a significantly higher level of FOXP3 mRNA (0.57 ± 0.19 vs.0.11 ± 0.21 and 0.13 ± 0.23,both P ＜ 0.05),but a significantly lower level of RORγt mRNA (0.43 ± 0.39 vs.0.89 ± 0.40 and 0.87 ± 0.43,both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The expression of Treg cell regulator FOXP3 increases,while the expression of Th17 cell regulator RORγt decreases in patients with CSU,suggesting that the imbalance between Treg and Th17 cells induced by the interaction between FOXP3 and RORγt may be involved in the pathogenesis of CSU.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of genotyping and gene polymorphism of Neisseria gonorrhoeae(N.go) with azithromycin(AZM)-resistance(AZM-R) and decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone(CROD).Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of AZM and CRO were determined.AZM-R isolates were detected for mutations in 23S rRNA,mtrR and penA genes.Genotypes were analyzed by using N.go multi-antigen sequence typing(NG-MAST).Results All total of 485 isolates of N.go were detected.77(15.9%) strains were AZM-R(MIC≥1 mg/L),including 33(6.8%) isolates of AZM low-level resistant(AZM-LLR,MIC=1 mg/L) strains and 44(9.1%) isolates of AZM middle-level resistant(AZM-MLR,MIC≥2 mg/L) strains.There were more CROD(MIC≥0.125 mg/L) strains in AZM-MLR isolates(43.2%),compared with those in AZM-LLR isolates(18.2%,P<0.05).The detected rates of 23S rRNA,mtrR,penA single or combined mutations were without significant differences between AZM-LLR isolates and AZM-MLR isolates(P>0.05).Similar results were found between combined AZM-LLR/CROD isolates and combined AZM-MLR/CROD isolates(P>0.05).No mutation of A2059G and AZM high-level resistant(AZM-HLR,MIC≥256 mg/L) isolate were found.Among 77 AZM-R isolates,67 sequence types(ST) were identified by NG-MAST,of which 30 types were novel.Most ST were represented by a single isolate.Conclusion AZM-R and CROD isolates,presented in this area,might be deserved continuous surveillance to identify the mechanism of concurrent resistance.

Objective To investigate the expression of syntaxin 8(STX8)in glioma and its clinical signif-icance. Methods Specimens of glioma were collected from 57 patients at Beijing Renhe Hospital from May 2013 to December 2015. 57 pieces of glioma tissue were used as a study group ,12 of which were Ⅰ+ Ⅱ(low grade) and the rest 45 were Ⅲ+Ⅳ;normal brain tissues from 15 individuals were used as a control group. Real-time PCR,immunohistochemistry,and Western blot were used to detect expression of STX8. Results As compared with the normal brain tissue ,the mRNA expression of STX8 was significantly increased in glioma tissue ,with a relative expression volume of 1.6855 ± 0.07124 in low grade and 2.8207 ± 0.0692 in high grade tissues,there was significant differences between the two groups;and the difference was also significant as compared with the control group(P < 0.05). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of STX8 was higher in glioma tissue than in normal tissue. Western Blot showed that the expression of STX8 protein was significantly higher in glioma than in normal tissue(P<0.05);the relative expression volume of STX8 was 2.271 ± 0.1621 in low grade tissue and 4.937 ± 0.1851 in high grade tissue,with a significant difference between the two groups;the difference was also significant as compared with the control group(P<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that higher STX8 expression in glioma was not significantly related to gender,age and pathological types,but there was a significant difference between pathological stages. Conclusion STX8 has abnormal high expression in glioma,which may be closely related with the occurrence and development of glioma.

Objective To explore the influences of extracellular matrices (ECM) secreted by ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced senescent fibroblasts on the proliferation of and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling in HaCaT cells. Methods Fibroblasts were irradiated with UVB of 15 mJ/cm2 once daily for 5 days to induce premature senescence, which was identified by SA-β-gal staining 72 hours after the last irradiation.HaCaT cells were divided into 3 groups and inoculated into plates coated with extracellular matrices secreted by non-senescent (PRE-ECM) or senescent fibroblasts (SIPS-ECM) or into uncoated plates (NON-ECM), fol-lowed by additional culture. U0126, an inhibitor of ERK1/2, was used to treat the HaCaT cells 1 hour before inoculation. Then, MTT assay was carried out to detect the proliferation of HaCaT cells after a 3-day culture,Western blot to assess the phosphorylation of ERK at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 hours after the inoculation, flow cytometry to analyse cell cycle and apoptosis after 24 hours of culture. Results The most rapid and intense phosphory-lation of ERK was observed in SIPS-ECM group. Inhibiting the activation of ERK pathway with U0126 could completely suppress the promoting effect of ECM from senescent fibroblasts on the proliferation of HaCaT cells.After the blocking of ERK activation, the proportion of HaCaT cells in S and G2/M phase decreased from 37.40%, 41.34% and 43.31% to 29.41%, 36.48% and 39.96%, respectively, in NON-ECM, PRE-ECM and SCIP-ECM group. Conclusion The ECM produced by UVB-induced senescent fibroblasts promote the prolifera-tion of HaCaT cells via inducing the phosphorylation of ERK.

Objective To investigate the effect of early insulin therapy on NF-KB pathway and inflammatory cytokine responses in fiver of diabetic rat.Methods NF-KB p65 DNA binding was assayed with ELISA-based assay kit,cytokine gene expressions were quantified with real-time PCR and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PEPCK),NF-KB and inhibitor KB(IKBα)protein levels wlere assayed with Westem blot.Results Compared with control,hepatic PEPCK protein level in the untreated diabetic rat increased by 40%.Early insulin and gliclazide treatment normalized PEPCK protein level.The abundance of IKBα protein was significantly decreased and nuclear NF-KB p65 DNA binding activity was incteased in untreated diabetic rats.IKBot protein content increased and NF-KB p65 DNA binding decreased during early intervention treatment.mRNAs encoding IL-1β and TNFα were increased,which were reduced to normal levels after insulin and gliclazide treatment.Conclusions It is suggested that early insulin treatment inhibits NF-KB activity and inflammatory cytokine responses in fiver that are involved in the aniefioration of insulin resistance in diabetic rats.Such results misht be due to indirect antiinflammatory effects of insulin thus relieving glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity in pefipherM tissues.