Objective To investigate the death cause of malignant tumors among Inhabitants in Liwan district of Guangzhou city. Methods Mortality rate, standardized mortality rate,Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL), PYLLR, Standardized Potential Years of Life Lost (SPYLL) and SPYLLR were used to analyze the death cause of malignant tumors. Results The annual average mortality rate of malignant tumors was 198.81 / 105. Among malignant tumors, 1ung cancer taken the 1ead with a mortality rate of 63.08 / 105. The next sequences were as follows: liver cancer, intestine cancer, stomach cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer. The sequence of death causes was mostly influenced by gender and age. The sequences of PYLL rate of main death causes were: liver cancer (0.371%), 1ung cancer (0.353%), nasopharyngeal cancer(0.137%), intestine cancer(0.116%)and mammary cancer(0.090%). Conclusion The mortalities of malignant tumors in Liwan district of Guangzhou city decreased in the past five years while the rank of top 5 cancer sites kept unchanged.

h specific measures of humanistic management from three aspects of the hospital service processes,making it clear the importance and significance of humanistic management in hospital service processes.

Interleukin-15 is a multffunctional cytokine,which are the activating and induction factors of the T-cell,B-cell,NK-cell and lymphokine-activated killer cell (LAK).It can stimulate hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation,enhance immunity and has anti-tumor effects.IL-15 and IL-2 have similar structures and functions,but many activating effects of IL-15 are stronger than the other's.IL-15 is closely related to tumor development,and has broad application prospects in biological therapy of cancer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of testosterone on motor neuron after sciatic nerve injury. MethodsTwelve adult C57 male mice were randomly divided into two groups: the sesame oil control group (n= 6) and the testosterone experimental group (n= 6). Unilateral sciatic nerve cutting severed as the animal model. Following operation, sesame oil or testosterone was administered for the control and experimental animals respectively via subcutaneous injection every other day for two weeks. The number and soma area of the anterior horn motor neurons in the lumbosacral cord of the sciatic nerve injury side were then measured on Nissl stained sections. Results In the testosterone group the motor neurons appeared healthier than that in the sesame control group. The neurons were plumper and showed more processes. Their number and average soma size were significantly larger than that in the sesame control (P<0.01). Conclusion The findings demonstrate that testosterone has a significant protective effect on sciatic nerve motor neurons after nerve injury.

Using the experiences of domestic and other countries on rehabilitation nursing of patients with femoroacetabalar impingement for reference,a balanced rehabilitation procedure was designed and implemented on 16 patients underwent arthroscopic bone forming surgery in acetabulum and femoral head and neck junction.The patients could master the correct metheds of functional exercises.As a result,no postoperative complications occurred.The score of modified Harris hip rating was increased from 62.4 points before surgery to 92.5 points at six months after surgery.

Objective To study the changes of leptin and insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) in adoles-cents with anorexia nervosa(AN) before and after three months of therapy. Methods The plasma levels of leptin and IGF-Ⅰ were measured in 11 adolescents with AN before and after three months of therapy and 11 normal ado-lescents of the same age,and their height,weight were examined and their body mass index(BMI) was calculated,and the results were compared before and after therapy, and were compared with those from age-matched normal adolescents respectively. Results (1)The plasma levels of leptin and IGF-Ⅰ , as well as the BMI in the AN patients after three months of therapy were significantly higher, than those before the therapy, and both were significantlylower than those in the controls. (2)Significant correlations between the plasma leptin levels and IGF-Ⅰ and BMI were detected in the AN patients both before and after the therapy, as well as in the controls. (3)Significant correla-tions between the plasma leptin levels and IGF-Ⅰ were detected in the AN patients both before and after the thera-py, as well as in the controls. Conclusion The plasma levels of leptin and IGF-Ⅰ resulted in significant changes, and these changes were consistent with body fat content in adolescents with AN.

Objective To compare the influence of aging on apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis-related protein in adult and aged male Wistar rat hearts after acute coronary artery occlusion. Methods The acute myocardial infarction rat model was established by left anterior descending(LAD)occlusion.A total of 115 adult and aged rats,aged 6-24 months,were included in the study.The rats were divided into 4 groups:aged model group,aged control group,adult model group and adult control group.Animals were killed 1,3,5 hours,1 and 7 days after coronary occlusion.Hemodynamic parameters[heart rate(HR),left ventricular systolic pressure(LUSP),left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP),±dp/dtmax)]were obtained from each group at every time points.The apoptosis and necrosis of myocardium were detected with TUNEL way and TTC stain.The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax were analyzed with immumohistochemical stain. Results DNA fragmentation occured 1 hour after coronary occlusion and apparently peaked earlier in the aged than in the adult rat hearts.At 3 hour,the apoptotic index of aged model group was obviousily higher than that in adult model group[(51.90±23.15)%us.(18.67±17.15)%,P<0.01].The basal levels of Bcl-2 and Bax were higher in the aged than in the adult rat hearts.The expression of Bcl-2 in aged model group and adult model group were 2.7±0.9 and 1.8±0.8,P<0.05.The expression of Bax in aged model group and adult model group were 6.2±2.9 and 4.2±1.5,P<0.05. Conclusions The ability of aged rats to resist ischemia is poor,aging may alter the expressions of Bcl-2 and/or Bax,increase cardiomyocyte apoptosis,thereby,enhance the myocardial dysfunction during acute myocardial infarction.

Objective:To elucidate the signal transduction mechanism of the modulation of immune cells by estrogen,the effect of 17?-estradiol(E2)on the production of nitric oxide (NO)from spleen mononuclear cells(MNC)of rats and the expression of inductible NO synthase(iNOS) in estrogen receptor(ER) knockout mice were examined.Methods:Culture of the spleen MNC from normal,Freund's incomplete adjuvant(FIA)or myelin basic protein(MBP) immunized Lewis rats.Detection NO production in the supernatant of culture was determined by Griess reagent.The expression of iNOS in spleen sections were observed by immunofluorescence staining.Results:①E2 dose-dependently induce NO production in spleen MNC from normal rats,MNC from FIA or MBP immunized rats manifest in the same manner.iNOS INHIBITOR l-NAME or MAPK blocker could suppress the induction.②In vivo E2 enhanced iNOS expression in wild type mice(WT),but had no effect in ER ? knockout mice(EPKO).ER? knockout mice(BERKO)appear the same with wt.Conclusion:E2 could modulate the immune system via induction of NO,which involves both genomic and nongenomic mechanisms.

Objective To explore the feasibility for applying passive individual samplers to determine NO2 and SO2 in the air simultaneously and to monitor the levels of them in the indoor and outdoor air. Methods Ten households were selected in urban and suburban area of Beijing respectively. Passive individual sampler made by Green blue Co. in Japan was used to sample and the ion chromatographic technique was used to determine the concentration of NO2 and SO2. Results There was no significant difference had been seen between the NO2 and SO2 level monitored by passive sampler and by the assay recommended by the national standard. It showed that the levels of NO2 and SO2 in ambient air were higher that that in indoor air, both indoor and outdoor air pollution in the urban area was more serious than that in the suburban area. The outdoor sulfur dioxide concentration in the urban area in winter was as 3.14 times high as that in the suburban area in 2001. The level of sulfur dioxide in the urban ambient air in 2002 was much lower than that in 2001. Conclusion Passive individual samplers with molecular diffusion will be suitable for environmental quantity monitoring.

Objective:To observe the protective effect of Shenkang injections in the rats with kidney injury induced by gentamicin. Methods:Forty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group,model group and treatment group with 16 ones in each. The rats were given gentamicin with intraperitoneal injection(100 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 )for 7 days in the model group and the treat-ment group,and the rats in the treatment group were given Shenkang injections with intraperitoneal injection additionally(2. 0 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ). Eight rats were sacrificed respectively on the 8th and 15th day in each group,and the detection of serum level of creatinine and cystatin-C,urinary concentration of kidney injury molecule-1(Kim-1)and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(üGAL),activity of nuclear factor-κβ and Caspase-3,and expression of Bax mRüA and Bcl-2 mRüA in renal tissues as well as the observation of renal tissue apoptosis in each group were conducted. Results:Compared with those in the control group,the serum level of creatinine and cystatin-C,urinary concentration of Kim-1 and üGAL,renal tissue apoptosis,activity of nuclear factor-κβ and Caspase-3,expression of Bax mRüA and Bcl-2 mRüA in renal tissues on both 8th and 15th day were higher in the model group(P<0. 01). The serum level of creatinine and cystatin-C,urinary concentration of Kim-1 and üGAL,renal tissue apoptosis,activity of s nuclear factor-κβand Caspase-3,expression of Bax mRüA in renal tissues in the treatment group were lower at the two time points than those in the model group, while the expression of Bcl-2 mRüA in homogenate renal tissues were higher in the treatment group than that in the model group at the two time points(P<0. 01). All indices were higher at two time points in the treatment than those in the control group. Conclusion:Shenkang injections exhibit protective effect in rats with kidney injury induced by gentamicin through inhibiting renal tissue apoptosis.