Four Polystictus Versicolor PVC0? PVC1? PVC2 ?PVC3 were examined for their decolorization ability to simulative refinery effluents and biodegradation ability to HADP'S, Melanoidin, Caramel The effect of effluent colorants on the yield of four Polystictus Versicolor biomass and mycelium polysaccarride(PSK) was also studied PVC0 showed the best decolorization ability and the high biomass; although the PSK content of PVC0 is less than PVC1, its yield of mycelium PSK is the highest Chosen PVC0 as the research strain The result showed that the rate of decolorization of PVC0 to 75% concentration real refinery effluents is 53% Which is less than to the simulative refinery effluent decolorization rate 71% Real refinery effluents and simulative refinery effluent has the same PVC0 biomass and PSK yield

Objective　To compare the irradiation-protective and inter-synergestic effects of E838,WR-2721, Rubia cordifolia, cystamin e hydrochloride and ethinyl estradiol on radiation and combined radiation-burn injury. Methods　Above-mentioned drugs were given to the mice i ntraperitoneally, or intragastrcally, then, the mortality and the average surviv al d for 30 d were observed before and after the administration of the drug s. Results　①When drugs were before injury , the survival rate and the average survival d of the radiation and combined radiation-burn injured mice were increased obviously with the best effect in E838 and WR-2721. ②When drugs were given after injury, E838 and R. cordifolia also kept the effect. ③Combined appling WR-2721（pre) and E838（post）displayed a significant syner gistic reaction. Conclusion　E838 and WR-2721 are more e ffective than the others in the prevention of radiation.

This study primarily explored and discussed‘generality and individuality’mode in clinical teaching of congenital heart disease(Congenital heart disease,CHD)from the aspects of teaching methods,comparison with traditional method,requirements for teachers and problems existed under present conditions.At last the paper summarized advantages and disadvantages of this model in clinical teaching of CHD and offered a new approach for clinical teaching of cardiology.

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension can frequently result in several complications including subdural hygroma, subdural hematoma and cerebral venous thrombosis, but coma rarely. A case of spontaneous intracranial hypotension presented with orthostatic headaches was described. He experienced somnolence, disorientation, incontinence, and then coma, though received conservative treatment. Brain imaging demonstrated acute-on-chronic subdural hematoma, magnetic resonance myelography using heavily T 2-weighted fast spin-echo pulse sequences showed spinal longitudinal extradural collection, and magnetic resonance myelography with intrathecal gadolinium revealed cerebrospinal fluid leak at the level of T 6, T 7. The patient recovered consciousness after surgical evacuation of the hematoma, and the headache disappeared after a targeted epidural blood patch. The hematoma resolved 2 months later and the patient kept free from headache during follow-up.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of breast MRI in breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) 4 mammography-detected ultrasound-negative (MG+/US-) pure calcification lesions.Methods:The data of 51 patients (52 calcification lesions) who were diagnosed with BI-RADS 4 pure calcification by mammography, had no significant abnormality on ultrasonography, and finally obtained pathological results at Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from December 2013 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 52 calcification lesions, 40 were benign and 12 were malignant. The mammographic findings (breast composition, calcification morphology, and distribution) and MR findings (enhancement pattern), of benign and malignant lesions were analyzed and compared with the histopathological results. The diagnostic performance of MRI was calculated.Results:There was a significant difference between benign and malignant calcification lesions in calcification morphology on mammography and enhancement pattern on MRI ( P<0.05). On breast MRI, malignant calcifications lesions showed mass or non-mass enhancement (12/12), while benign calcified lesions mostly showed no enhancement or punctate enhancement (27/40). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of breast MRI in the diagnosis of BI-RADS 4 MG+/US- pure calcification lesions were 66.7% (8/12), 75.0% (30/40), 44.4% (8/18) and 88.2% (30/34), respectively; The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for BI-RADS 4A calcifications were 66.7% (2/3), 74.2% (23/31), 20.0% (2/10) and 95.8% (23/24), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for BI-RADS 4B calcifications were 66.7% (4/6), 85.7%(6/7),80.0% (4/5) and 75.0% (6/8), respectively. Conclusions:MRI has a high differential diagnostic value for mammographic BI-RADS 4 pure calcifications with ultrasound-negative, especially for BI-RADS 4A calcifications. Follow-up instead of biopsy is recommended for lesions with no enhancement or punctate enhancement on MRI.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting mouse epididymis-specific colipase-like (meClps) gene on mouse sperm mobility.

METHODSThe eukaryotic expression vector pDsRed2.0-C1-meClps was constructed and transfected into NIH-3T3 cells, and the protein expression was detected with anti-meClps serum. Three interfering sequences targeting meClps (RNAi-251, 224 and 286) were inserted into lentiviral vectors pRNAT-U6.2/lenti, which were co-transfected with pDsRed2.0-C1-meClps into NIH-3T3 cells. The RNA interfering efficiency was confirmed by semi-quantitative PCR and Western blotting. The lentivirus, packed with the lentiviral vector with the highest interfering efficiency, was injected into the caput tissues of mouse epididymis, and its effect on sperm mobility of the cauda epididymis was evaluated.

RESULTSAll the 3 lentiviral RNAi vectors targeting meClps could inhibit the mRNA and protein expressions of meClps, among which pRNAT-U6.2/lenti-RNAi-251 had the highest interfering efficiency. The lentivirus packed with pRNAT-U6.2/lenti-RNAi-251 significantly reduced the path velocity of cauda sperm after injection into the caput epididymis of the mice (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONKnock-down meClps expression by lentiviral-mediated RNA interference can lower sperm mobility of mice.

Animals ; Epididymis ; Gene Targeting ; Genetic Vectors ; Lentivirus ; Male ; Mice ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; Transfection

ObjectiveHigh performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was used to establish the specific chromatograms of Aurantii Fructus from different origins， and the quality variability of Aurantii Fructus from Sichuan was analyzed and evaluated by combining entropy weighting method and grey correlation method. MethodHPLC was performed on an Agilent Eclipse Plus C₁₈ column （4.6 mm×250 mm， 5 μm） with a gradient elution of methanol （A）-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase （0-12 min， 25%-33%A； 12-21 min， 33%-41%A； 21-30 min， 41%-42%A； 30-40 min， 42%-59%A； 40-53 min， 59%-72%A； 53-60 min， 72%A； 60-65 min， 72%-100%A； 65-70 min， 100%A； 70~71 min， 100%-25%A； 71-80 min， 25% A） at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min^-1， the injection volume was 10 μL and the detection wavelength was 330 nm. Fifty batches of Aurantii Fructus samples from different origins （Sichuan， Chongqing， Jiangxi and Hunan） were tested， and the similarity evaluation software is used to generate characteristic profiles and compare them with control profile for peak identification， and then to evaluate the similarity of the samples. IBM SPSS 19.0 and SIMCA 14.1 were used to perform multivariate statistical analysis on the results of the samples， and then the entropy weighting method and grey correlation were used to calculate the overall quality score of samples from Sichuan. ResultHPLC specific chromatogram of Aurantii Fructus was established， and 14 common peaks were identified as eriocitrin， neoeriocitrin， narirutin， naringin， hesperidin， neohesperidin， meranzin hydrate， poncirin， meranzin， marmin， nobiletin， 3，3′，4′，5，6，7，8-heptamethoxyflavone， tangeretin and auraptene. And the similarities between the samples from Sichuan and the control chromatogram were all above 0.980. The samples could be classified into four categories according to their main origins by chemical pattern recognition， and the results of cluster analysis， principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were all able to discriminate the samples of different main origins effectively. The comprehensive evaluation results of entropy weighting method combined with grey correlation showed that the quality of Aurantii Fructus from Sichuan varied greatly among different origins， and the quality of Aurantii Fructus from Sichuan was ranked as Bazhong>Luzhou>Chongqing>Neijiang. ConclusionIn this study， the characteristic mapping of Aurantii Fructus from Sichuan is established， and combined with the analytical methods of chemometrics and grey correlation， the quality of samples from different origins can be effectively differentiated， which can provide a reference for the comprehensive evaluation and control of the quality of Aurantii Fructus from Sichuan.