Objective To investigate the effects of gemcitabine,a cytotoxic drug,combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treatment of human pancreatic cancer xenograft in nude mice.Methods The animal model of human pancreatic cancer was developed by suturing small pieces of SW1990 tumors into the dorsum of nude mice.Sixty animal models were randomly divided into five groups with 12 each:control group ( without any treatment ), photosensitizer group ( 2 mg/kg of Photosan, without illumination ),chemotherapy group (receiving 50 mg/kg of gemcitabine i.p. on day 0,3,6 and 9 after transplantation),photodynamic group (2 mg/kg photosan combined with laser irradiation) and combination group (50 mg/kg of gemcitabine and 2 mg/kg of photosan combined with laser irradiation). The tumor sizes were measured twice every week.All mice were sacrificed after 21 days.The tumor volume was calculated,and inhibitory effect and changes before and after treatment were analyzed.Results The tumor was grown bigger in control,photosensitizer and chemotherapy groups (all P value ＜0.05).On day 6,9,12,15,18and 21, the tumor size was significantly smaller in photodynamic group than those in control and photosensitize groups.While the tumor size on day 18 and 21 was smaller in combined group than those in photodynamic group(all P value ＜0.05). The tumor mass was (0.29 ± 0.20) g in combined group,which was lower than that in photodynamic,control,photosensitize and chemotherapy groups[(0.69±0.23) g,(1.65±0.21) g,(1.62±0.12) g,(1.37±0.19) g,respectively,P＜0.05].The inhibitory effect were 82.420%00 and 58.18% in combined group and photodynamic group,respectively(P＜0.05),while there was 1.80% and 17.00% in photosensitize and chemotherapy groups,respectively.Conclusions Photodynamic therapy has significant and short anti-tumor effect,but it can be significantly enhanced by combined with small dose of gemcitabine.

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor effects of photodynamie therapy(PDT)on human pancreatic cancer xenograft in nude mice and the time-effect relationship of PDT.Methods The animal model of human pancreatic cancer was developed by suturing small pieces of SW1990 tumors into the dorsum of nude mice.When the size of the tumors increased to 0.8～1.0 cm.36 mice were randomly divided into three groups:control group(no treatment),photosensitizer group(Photosan 2mg/kg,abdominal cavity injection),photodynamic group(Photosan 2 mg/kg injection+laser irradiation).Each group included 12 mice.The tumor sizes were measured twice per week and the weight8 and volumes of the tumors were measured,and the tumor inhibitory rate was calculated three weeks later.Results The tumor volume of photodynamic group was (0.22±0.12)mm3 at the 6th day,which was significantly smaller than(0.43 s0.18)mm3 of control group and(0.39±0.15)mm3 of photosensitizer group(P＜0.05).15 days later,the tumor volumes of PDT groups increased.21 days later.the weight of the tumors in photodynamie group was(0.69±0.23)g,which was significantly lower than(1.65 ±0.21)g of control group and(1.62±0.12)g of photosensitizer group(P＜0.05).The tumor inhibitory rate in photodynamic group was 58.18%,which was significantly higher than that of photoseasitizer group(1.8%,P＜0.05).Conclusions Photodynamie therapy had significant anti-tumor effect on human pancreatic cancer with quick-acting efficacy,but photodynamie therapy alone exeaed efficacy only in the shoa term.

0.05).After that,both systolic and diastolic function began to decrease.In 4 weeks after the operation,both the the maximum rate of left ventricular isovolumic systolic pressure + dp/dtmax and the maximum rate of left ventricular isovolumic diastolic pressure-dp/dtmax decreased to the lowest levels [(1249.89 ? 95.82) mm Hg/s and(-1316.40 ? 58.31) mm Hg/s,respectively];and then in 6 weeks after the operation,echocardiography showed that the left ventricular short axis fractional shortening FS reached the lowest level [(18.70 ? 3.83)%].Moreover,we found that the FS was highly related with the + dp/dtmax(r=0.864,P

Objective To observe the differences in the therapeutic efficacies of macrolides,minocycline,and tosufloxacin against macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MRMP).Methods A total of 188 children with M.pneumoniae pneumonia confirmed by culture and PCR were analyzed.Of these,150 patients had a strain with an MR gene and 134 had one with an A-to-G mutation at position 2063 of M.pneumoniae 23S rRNA domain V.Azithromycin(n=27),clarithromycin(n=23),tosufloxacin(n=62),or minocycline(n=38)was used for definitive treatment of patients with MR M.pneumoniae.Among the 188 patients,the other 38 patients with macrolide-sensitive Mycoplasma pneumonia (MSMP)were grouped into azithromycin(n =16)and clarithromycin groups(n =22)for observing whether there is differences with respect to efficacy under parallel treatment between patients with MRMP and MSMP. Results Defervescence within 48 h after the initiation of antibiotic therapy was observed in 41%of the patients in the azithromycin group,48% of those in the clarithromycin group,69% of those in the tosufloxacin group,and 87% of those in the minocycline group.The average number of days of fever after the administration of antibiotic treatment was lower in the minocycline and tosufloxacin groups than in the macrolide groups(azithromycin and clarithromycin groups).The decrease in the M.pneumoniae burden,as estimated by the number of DNA copies,after 48 to 96 h of treatment was more rapid in patients receiving minocycline(P=0.016)than in those receiving tosufloxacin(P=0.049),azithromycin(P=0.273),or clarithromycin(P=0.107).Conclusion We found that the clinical and bacteriological efficacies of macrolides against MR M.pneumoniae pneumonia was low.Our results indicated that minocycline rather than tosufloxacin can be considered the first-choice drug for the treatment of M.pneumoniae pneumonia in children aged >8 years.

Objective To establish a rapid test method for the determination of five sweeteners and two preservatives in the milk beverage by HPLC.Methods Trough a set of pretreatment such as dilution,protein precipitation,high-speed centrifugation,the samples were tested.With NUCLEODUR C18 RP-column separation,phosphate buffer(pH=5.0) and acetonitrile were used as the mobile phase,gradient elution analysis was conducted,the detective wavelength was 205nm.Results The separation of one sample was achieved within 15 min,five sweeteners and two preservatives could be well separated,the linear range was 5.00-100.0 mg/L,r≥0.9993,RSD was 1.5%-4.2%(n=6),the average recovery rate was 85.2%-108%.Conclusion This method is simple and quick with better reproducibility and selectivity,it is an effective way to determine sweeteners and preservatives in milk beverage.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of the immunotherapy of CIK cell, LAK cell and PBLS cell mediated by anti-EGFR/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody (BsAb) respectively on the mice borne human gastric cancer and provide experimental evidence for therapeutic strategy in treating gastric cancer. Methods The mAbs of anti-CD3 and anti-EGFR were cross-linked to prepare the BsAb by chemical synthesis. The experimental therapy on the mice borne SGC7901 human gastric cancer was performed,and then the comparisons of the curative activity among the CIK group, LAK group and PBLS group were conducted in vivo. ResultsThe mean tumor reduction rate of the administration of CIK cells directed by anti-EGFR/anti-CD3 BsAb was(64.9±7.7)％ and higher than those of LAK cells or PBLS targeted by anti-EGFR/anti-CD3 BsAb [(43.5±8.2) ％ and (39.7±6.5) ％] (P ＜ 0.05).The mean tumor weight of the administration of CIK cells directed by anti-EGFR/anti-CD3 BsAb was (473.9±37.7) mg at the end of therapy and was lower than those of LAK cells or PBLS targeted by anti-EGFR/anti-CD3 BsAb [(764.6±88.3) mg and (829.1±104.4) mg](P ＜ 0.05). ConclusionThe CIK cell mediated by anti-EGFR/anti-CD3 BsAb could have better curative effect than other effector cells on gastric cancer in vivo.

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor effects of a combination of Kanglaite injection (KI) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) on human pancreatic cancer SW1990 xenograft in nude mice.Methods The animal model of human pancreatic cancer was developed by suturing small pieces of SW1990 tumors into the dorsum of nude mice.60 rats were randomly divided into six groups:group A ( control group without treatment),group B ( receiving 1.25g/kg KI via the tail vein prior to PDT and continuously for 10 days),group C (receiving 2.5g/kg KI via the tail vein continuously for 10 days),group D (PDT group,2 mg/kg Photosan 48h prior to laser irradiation),group E ( group B + group D),group F ( group C + group D)with 10 rats in each group.The tumor sizes were measured twice per week.The mice were sacrificed on the 14th day of PDT treatment.The tumor was took out and weighted and the tumor inhibitory rate was analyzed.Results The tumor volumes of group A to F were 9550.08±52.46)mm3,(519.71±46.44)mm3,(405.29±38.67 ) mm3,( 199.27±37.37) mm3,( 107.47±14.13 ) mm3 and (75.58±12.53 )mm3,the weight of group A to F were (0.82±0.08)g,(0.77±0.06)g,(0.61±0.06)g,(0.41±0.05)g,(0.28±0.04)gand (0.16±0.04)g,respectively.The tumor volumes and tumor weights of the two combined groups were significandy smaller than those in the other groups (P＜0.05).The combination group of 1.25 g/kg KI increased the tumor inhibitory rate from 50% in PDT group to 65.9%.The combination group of 2.5 g,/kg KI increased the tumor inhibitory rate to 80.5%.Conclusions KI had attenuated effect on PDT therapy,and the combination of KI and PDT could significantly inhibit the tumor growth.

Objective To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability of puerarin in Yufeng Ningxin tablets in mice by determining dose-time curve and by comparing with the pharmacokinetics of puerarin injection.Methods NIH mice were randomized into different groups. 6 %HClO4 was used to precipitate plasma protein and the plasma concentration of puerarin in mice was determined by HPLC.The PK solutions 2.0 program,a non-compartmental model software,was applied to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability.Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of puerarin injection by i.v.in mice were:t1/2=98.359 min,CL=35.548 mL?min-1,AUC(0-∞)=281.3 ?g?min?mL-1;the main pharmacokinetic parameters of puerarin in Yufeng Ningxin tablets by o.p.were:t1/2 =35.562 min,CL=898.685 mL?min-1,Cmax=9.3 ?g?mL-1,Tmax=30 min,AUC(0-∞)=222.5 ?g?min?mL-1 ,F(bioavailability value)=3.95 %comparing to puerarin injection.Conclusion As compared with puerarin injection,the absorptive content of puerarin in Yufeng Ningxin tablets is very poor and the bioavailability is also low,indicating that enhancement of bioavailability of Yufeng Ningxin tablets will be beneficial to the clinical application.

Objective The rational medication route of puerarin was explore d by studying the concentration- time curve and by comparing the histological and organic distribution difference of puerarin administered by intravenous injecti on or gastric gavage in mice, so as to supply a referential data for its rationa l application. Methods The NIH mice were used as experimental subject. The pu erarin concentrations in the plasma, tissue and organs at different time points were determined by HPLC. The PK solutions 2.0 program, a noncompartmental model software, was applied to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters of puerarin an d to construct its plasma concentration- time curve. Results (1)The pharmacok inetic parameters of puerarin in mice were shown that the T1/2E of puerarin susp ension (0.2 mg? g- 1) by oral administration is 38.061min, CL =991.534 mL? mi n- 1, Cmax =3.6? g? mL- 1, Tmax =30 min, and AUC(0- ∞ ) =201.7? g? min? mL- 1, the bioavailability of puerarin suspension is 3.77 % compared to i.v puerarin injection. (2) Administered by intravenous injection (i.v), the puerari n distributed in the liver, kidney, plasma, spleen, muscle, lung, uterus and tes ticle rapidly, and the concentration of puerarin was the highest in the liver an d kidney and lower in the heart and brain. Distribution of puerarin suspension b y oral administration is similar to puerarin injection by i.v. However, the conc entration of puerarin in the tissues and organs by oral administration was lower than by i.v; the liver/heart, liver/brain, kidney/heart and kidney/brain concen tration ratios of puerarin by gavage administration were lower than those by i.v . Conclusion The bioavailability of puerarin by oral administration was poor, but the histological distribution characteristics of puerarin shows that the tox ic and side effects of puerarin are lesser by oral use than by intravenous injec tion.

Objective To study the relationship between essential hypertension(EH)with serum homocysteine(HCY),uroten-sinⅡ(UⅡ),angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE)and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP).Methods By collec-ting the clinical cases,UⅡwas determined by ELISA and HCY,ACE and NT-proBNP were simultaneously detected by ELISA.The detection results were analyzed and compared between the patients with essential hypertension(EH group)and the healthy con-trols.Results The levels of serum HCY,UⅡ,ACE and NT-proBNP in the EH group were significantly increased compared with the healthy control group;the area under curve (AUC)of serum HCY,UⅡ,ACE and NT-proBNP in the ROC curve in the EH group were 0.93,0.765,0.792 and 0.972 respectively,which showed clinical diagnostic significance.Conclusion The levels of HCY,UⅡ,ACE and NT-proBNP are highly expressed in EH and have significant differences compared with the healthy popula-tion,which has the diagnostic value to EH.