Objective:The human parental brain is a discrete set of interacting brain circuits that related with child-care feelings and behaviors.The research on it can help us to understand the essence of human parent-child re-lationship formation.In order to provide materials for the research of human parental brain and related fields,the study is ready to establish a set of standardized Chinese Infant Affective Face Picture System.Methods:By using convenience sampling,a total of 360 infant facial expression pictures of 211 Chinese infants aged from 3 to 6 months were collected.After standard processing on the photos,196 unmarried and nulliparous college students re-cruited from two universities in Chongqing and Guiyang were asked to assess them.One hundred subjects assessed the emotion categories and intensity of the pictures,and other 96 subjects assessed the emotion valence,arousal and dominance of the selected pictures.Results:The Chinese Infant Affective Face Picture System,containing 117 hap-py,92 neutral,108 sad expression pictures,was established.At the same time,the corresponding average identifica-tion rate were 89%,77%,92%,the intensity were 5.83,5.15,and 6.19,the valence were 5.92,4.55 and 2.70,the arousal were 5.11,4.18,3.77,and the dominance were 5.02,4.93,and 4.91.The system could effectively stimu-late participants'emotional reactions.There were statistically significant differences in scores of the established va-lence,arousal and dominance index between the 3 kinds of expression pictures (Ps <0.01).Conclusion:The Chi-nese Infant Affective Face Picture System has higher reliability and validity.The system could be used as emotional stimulus materials for the study of parental brain or emotion researches.

Objective To determine equilibrium solubility and apparent oil/water partition coefficient of ephedra alkaloid in the compatibility Ephedrae Herba-Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata; To provide a basis for transdermal delivery.Methods The extract was prepared by 70% ethyl alcohol and D101 macroporous absorbent resins. Dissolvability of its main effective components (ephedrine and pseudoephedrine) in the compatibility Ephedrae Herba-Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata was determined by precipitation method and HPLC method; the oil/water partition coefficient of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in n-octanol-water buffer solution system were determined by shaking flask method.Results The extract had optimum solubility in methyl alcohol and acetonitrile, and ephedrine and pseudoephedrine had optimum solubility in buffered solution of pH 7.4. Oil/water partition coefficient of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in n-octanol-water system was 0.101 with lgP=-0.99 and 0.076 with lgP=-1.12. Oil-water partition coefficients of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in the extract were affected by pH.Conclusion The extract has optimum solubility in high polar solvents. Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine have certain fatsoluble and water-soluble in suitable pH, which was beneficial for transdermal absorption.

Objective To investigate the expression of nuclear factor-kappa Bp65 (NF-κBp65)and Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)protein in the brain tissues of 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats with cerebral hypoxia-ischemia encephalopathy (HIE) and to explore the role of TLR4 and NF-κBp65 in the pathogenesis of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.Methods Seven-day SD rats were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.Brain pathological changes were observed in light microscopy at 6 h、12 h、24 h、72 h、7 d after HIE.The expression of TLR4 and NF-κBp65 in brain tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry method.Results NF-κBp65 and TLR4 were expressed in the neuron and microglia of control group and experimental group.The expression were most significant at cerebral cortex and hippocamp.However,the expression of NF-κBp65and TLR4 began to increase at HIE 6h:NF-κBp65 (0.219 3 ± 0.024 7,0.215 7 ±0.030 4)and TLR4(0.327 1 ±0.033 3,0.303 9 ±0.037 9),and achieved the hightest at HIE 24h:NF-κBp65 (0.3564±0.0235,0.3365 ±0.023 2)and TLR4(0.434 2 ±0.0428,0.4193 ±0.041 3),then decreased at HIE 72 h:NF-κBp65 (0.289 2 ± 0.032 0,0.260 9 ± 0.021 2) and TLR4 (0.300 5 ± 0.020 9,0.282 0 ± 0.022 6),and HIE 7 d:NF-κBp65(0.247 9 ±0.0340,0.242 1 ±0.025 4) and TLR4(0.274 4 ±0.0288,0.257 1 ±0.027 5).Conclusion There is a positive correlation between NF-κBp65 and TLR4 in rats with HIE.It suggested that they may have the same pathophysiology development in HIE.

Objective To explore the treatment effect of potato homogenate on the treatment of drug extravasation during intravenous injection.Methods 320 cases of drug extravasation patients during the intravenous infusion were randomly divided into the potato homogenategroup,named group A; patato slice group named group B and magnesium sulfate group as group C.The group A,B and C were separately treated with the external application of potato homogenate,thin slice of fresh potato and 33％ magnesium sulfate.The therapeutic effects of the 3 groups were compared.Results The therapeutic effect of group A was superior to that of group B and C,and the healing time in group A was much shorter than that in group B and C,and group B was batter than group C,there was significant difference between the above comparison groups.Conclusions The therapeutic effect of external application of fresh potato in the treatment of extravasation injury caused by the drugs is remarkable.Potato homogenate can improve the treatment effect and shorten healing time when compared with potato slice.

AIM:To study the expressions of galectin-3 and the possible anti-infectious function in genital tract of female mouse. METHODS:The expressions of galectin-3 mRNA in different reproductive tissues were analyzed by RT-PCR. The mouse model of genital tract infection was constructed by injection of LPS and Freunds adjuvant incomplete into the vaginal mucous. The expression pattern of galectin-3 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS:The expression of galectin-3 mRNA was detected in the uterus,vagina,oviduct and ovary of normal adult mouse. The galectin-3 protein was expressed in the genital tract mucous of epithelial cell surface and uterine gland. After stimulation with LPS,the expression of galectin-3 protein was significantly up-regulated compared to normal control and adjuvant control (P

AIM: To investigate the chromatographic fingerprints of Guangyanling Injection(Syringa oblata Lindl) by HPLC. METHODS: The separation was performed on a Water SunFire~ TM C_ 18 4.6 mm?250 mm 5 ?m analytical column with the mobile phase consisting of methanol-water as gradient eluent at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The UV detection was set at 280 nm. RESULTS: The HPLC-UV fingerprints of Guangyanling Injection was obtained with perfect isolation. CONCLUSION: The fingerprints could be used for the control of Guangyanling Injection.

Objective:To investigate the ethical cognition of human sperm among the volunteers who intend to donor sperm,and to analyze the voluntteers' thoughts for donor behavior and its countermeasures.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the volunteers who were the first time consulted sperm donation in the human sperm bank of the affiliated reproductive hospital of Shandong university.The cognition on the purpose of sperm,the causes of sperm shortage,privacy protection of the offspring,and the future of sperm banks in China were collected.Results:Donors were not well known the uses of sperm and privacy protection of the offspring.They thought traditional values and ethical worry caused sperm shortage and worried about the future of human sperm banks in China.Conclusion:The overall cognition on the sperm bank of the volunteers still exist certain one-sidedness and blind,which has seriously affected the enthusiasm of volunteers to donate sperm.The relevant departments should pay more attention to this,focus on promoting the propaganda and supervision work of ethical system of human sperm bank,construct objective,justice,and dedicative atmosphere for sperm donation,in order to dispel the volunteers' psychological concerns,and promote the healthy,fast and sustainable development of human sperm bank.

AIM To investigate the tissue distribution of brucine-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles in mice in vivo.METHODS Mice were intravenously injected with suspension of prepared brucine-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and marked by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC).The in vivo tissue distribution of nanoparticles was analyzed by having the brucine contents in various tissues (heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney and bone) determined by HPLC,after which fluorescence confocal laser endomicroscopy was used for further detection.RESULTS Brucine had its the highest (1.64) relative intake efficiency (Re) in mice liver,and the nanoparticles shared all over one value of targeting efficiencies (Te) in various tissues,manifesting a much stronger selectivity to liver than that of brucine solution.With the extension of time,the FITC-narked nanoparticles displayed a rich extracellular to intracellular distribution indicating a positive correlation.CONCLUSION Brucine's increased distribution in the liver tissue of mice due to its solid lipid nanoparticle form shows obvious for liver targeting.

Objective To study the process of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) inclusion techniques for osthol. Methods The inclusion complex of osthol and HP-β-CD was prepared by unsaturated water solution and freeze-drying technique. Inclusion techniques were selected by screening on quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design method, and the entrapment efficiency was identified by HPLC. Results The optimal technical conditions were as follows:the ratio of HP-β-CD and drug was 4.5∶1;temperature for electric mixer was 35 ℃;the stirring time for thermostatic waterbath was 210 min. Conclusion This method is reasonable and it may have a prosperous future of development and application.

OBJECTIVEIn this study, we investigated the potential of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) for use as a source of transplants for the restoration of auditory hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons.

METHODSWe co-cultured the mouse iPSC with the cells of the cochlear organ of Corti or the modiolus in vitro. The cochlear organ of Corti (which contains cochlear hair cells) and the modiolus (which contains auditory spiral ganglion neurons) were obtained from postnatal day 3 (P3) CD-1 ICR mice. After 18 days of coculture with the cells of newborn mouse cochleae. The expressions of hair cell markers (Myosin VIIa, Math1, Calretinin, Espin) and Spiral ganglion neuron markers [Nestin, Neurofilament-M, β-III Tubulin, Vesicular glutamate transporter 1(VGluT1)] were detected by immunocytochemical analysis.

RESULTSImmunocytochemical analysis results indicated that the differentiated iPSC expressed auditory hair cell markers (MyosinVIIa,Math1, Calretinin, Espin ) and spiral ganglion markers (Nestin, Neurofilament-M,β-III Tubulin,VGluT1).

CONCLUSIONMouse iPSC in virto cultured could successfully be induced to differentiate into hair cell-like cells and spiral ganglion-like cells with hair cell and spiral ganglion molecular markers.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cochlea ; physiology ; Coculture Techniques ; Hair ; Hair Cells, Auditory ; In Vitro Techniques ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Neurons ; Spiral Ganglion ; physiology