Objective To explore the level and clinical significance of combination rate between beta2-glycoproteinⅠand platelet in the ulcerative colitis patients.Methods For 67 ulcerative colitis(UC) patients from the First and the Second Hospital of Jilin University from the September 2003 to December 2004,using flow cytometry(FCM),we detected combination rates of between beta2-glycoproteinⅠand platelet in the UC patients and in the normal control subjects,respectively.Results There was significant difference in the combination rates of beta2-glycoproteinⅠand platelet in the two UC groups and normal control group(P

Bacteremia is a common complication in patients with liver cirrhosis,and its incidence rises as the severity of liver disease increa-ses.Liver cirrhosis complicated by bacteremia will lead to poor prognosis.The research progress in liver cirrhosis complicated by bacteremia is reviewed from the following aspects:risk factors,diagnostic points,treatment methods,prevention,and prognosis.It is believed that ear-ly prevention and treatment of bacteremia have great significance for the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis.

Drug-induced liver injury is commonly seen in ctinical practice and is usually caused by antipsychotic drags,antitubercnlar agents,paracetamol,and statins.Silybin,a substance with biological activity in silymarin extract,has antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-fibrosis effects.This article summarizes the research advances in silybin in the prevention and treatment of drug-induced liver injury.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major disease burdens worldwide. At present, the antiviral therapy for hepatitis B includes interferons and nucleos(t)ide analogues. Current therapeutic regimens based on these drugs cannot significantly increase the proportion of patients with functional cure. With a better understanding of HBV replication cycle and specific virus-host cell interactions, this article summarizes and reviews the advances in the research and development of new drugs for HBV with a focus on different action targets during the above processes.

With the wide use of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs), more and more patients with chronic hepatitis C achieve sustained virological response; however, no consensus has been reached on the application of DAAs in the treatment of hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This article summarizes and evaluates related issues in this field, including whether antiviral therapy with DAAs in patients with hepatitis C can increase the incidence or recurrence rate of HCC, as well as whether DAAs can be used for hepatitis C in HCC patients after antitumor treatment and the efficacy of DAAs in such patients.

Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a key enzyme in liver acetaldehyde metabolism (product of ethanol metabolism). Globally, about 8% of the population and about 30% to 40% of the East Asian population carry defective genes that encode no / low activity ALDH2. Recently, many studies have focused on the relationship between ALDH and viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, liver fibrosis and liver cancer. Importantly, ALDH2 expression is closely related to the risk, pathogenesis and prognosis of liver cancer, so it can be used as a potential therapeutic target. This article summarizes and reviews the new progress and new research directions of this field.

The key factors driving the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease are still not fully understood. At present, it is believed that the direct toxic effects of ethanol and its intermediate metabolite acetaldehyde can cause oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, adipogenesis, malnutrition, intestinal endotoxin leakage, etc., thereby participating in the occurrence and progression of alcoholic liver disease. Among the many pathogenic factors that have been revealed, the immunological mechanism plays an important role. Therefore, the role of immune cells and inflammatory mediators has attracted much attention. This article reviews and summarizes the new progress of specific immune cell mechanisms involved in innate and adaptive immune response during the formation and development of alcoholic liver disease, and proposes potential therapeutic targets and clinical trials of related new drugs, which may improve the re-recognition of molecular mechanism and treatment expectation in clinical practice.

According to the association between liver injury and pregnancy, liver diseases during pregnancy can be classified as pregnancy-specific liver diseases and liver diseases with pregnancy. Pregnancy-specific liver diseases refer to the liver diseases that only occur during pregnancy, while liver diseases with pregnancy refer to pregnancy with previous liver diseases. Due to the particularity of maternal and fetal health during pregnancy, the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases during pregnancy is challenging for both obstetricians and hepatologists. Rapid identification, diagnosis, and treatment of related diseases during pregnancy are very important for the prognosis of the mother and the fetus. This article summarizes and reviews the research advances in the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of liver diseases during pregnancy, in order to provide a reference for more clinicians.

Patients with HCV infection can develop decompensated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), even liver failure. As a result, efficient antiviral treatment is very essential to prevent HCV-related disease progression. Newly developed direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) have shown safety profile, favorable tolerability, and relatively short duration, which provide an opportunity to expand the number of patients who can be treated for HCV infection. There is a need for further clinical observation and summaries for DAAs in a real world. In the era of DAAs, special patients with HCV infection still get lots of attention from doctors. This review aims at the application of DAAs in patients with HCV infection, combined with chronic kidney diseases, hepatocellular carcinoma, HBV/HCV co-infection, HIV/HCV co-infection, post liver transplantation, pregnancy, children, lymphoma and retreatment.

Glucocorticoids is a type of steroid hormone secreted from zona fasciculata of adrenal cortex.As an immune and inflammatory inhibitor, glucocorticoids has been used to treat many kinds of diseases.T cell response plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. However, the role of glucocorticoids in the mechanism and treatment of liver disease in current clinical practice is controversial. This paper summarizes the progress of glucocorticoid use for the treatment of liver diseases in recent years. References will be provided for how to grasp the indications,application timing and proper dosage of glucocorticoids in liver diseases.