Objective:To investigate the effect of prenatal dexamethasone on short-term outcomes and long-term neurological development in late preterm infants with twin pregnancy.Methods:A total of 315 pregnant women with twin pregnancy and their preterm infants who delivered in Peking University Third Hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data of pregnant women and preterm infants were collected. They were divided into non-medication group (93 pregnant women and 186 preterm infants), medication after 34 weeks group (123 pregnant women and 246 preterm infants), and medication before 34 weeks group (99 pregnant women and 198 preterm infants). Short-term outcomes of preterm infants were analyzed, including the incidence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), wet lung, hypoglycemia, neonatal septicemia, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). "Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Third Edition (ASQ-3) scale" was used to follow up the late neurological development of preterm infants at the corrected age of 6-54 months, and the level of neurological development was compared.Results:(1) General conditions: the gestational age at delivery in the non-medication group [36.1 weeks (35.6, 36.6 weeks)] was later than that in the medication after 34 weeks group [36.1 weeks (35.2, 36.4 weeks)] and medication before 34 weeks group [35.2 weeks (34.2, 36.2 weeks)] groups, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After correcting for gestational age, there was no significant difference in birth weight among the three groups ( H=3.808, P=0.149). There were no significant differences in gender and the proportion of small for gestational age among the three groups (all P>0.05). (2) Short-term outcome: the incidence of wet lung was 7.0% (13/186), 11.0% (27/246) and 16.2% (32/198) in the non-medication group, medication after 34 weeks group and medication before 34 weeks group, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.018). There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of NRDS, hypoglycemia, sepsis, IVH, BPD, and NEC among the three groups (all P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis with gestational age and newborn birth weight as confounding factors showed that early gestational age ( OR=0.884, 95% CI: 0.837-0.933, P<0.001) and increased incidence of selective intrauterine growth restriction type I ( OR=2.967, 95% CI: 1.153-7.639, P=0.024) could both lead to an increased incidence of wet lung. (3) Long-term outcomes: a total of 109 pregnant women completed the follow-up, and 218 preterm infants with a corrected age of 6-54 months at the end of follow-up were enrolled, including 86 cases in the non-medication group, 66 cases in the medication after 34 weeks group, and 66 cases in the medication before 34 weeks group. There were no significant differences in the scores of communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem solving and personal-social among the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Prenatal administration of a single course of dexamethasone does not affect the neonatal birth weight and short-term outcomes of twin late preterm infants, and has no adverse effect on the neurological development of twin late preterm infants with a corrected age of 6-54 months.

Objective:To discuss the postoperative survival of the gastric cancer patients with different expression levels of myeloid ecotropic viral integration site 1(MEIS1),and to analyze the predictive value of MEIS1 expression in the prognosis evaluation of gastric cancer.Methods:In a gastric cancer survival cohort,215 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy were selected.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression levels of MEIS1 in both gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues.The relationship between expression level of MEIS1 and the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were analyzed by x2 test or Fisher's exact probability method;survival curves were plotted by Kaplan-Meier method;the differences in survival of the patients between MEIS1 high expression group and MEIS1 low expression group were compared by Log-rank test;multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratios(HR)and 95％confidence intervals(CI)to assess the relationship between MEIS1 expression level and the survival of the gastric cancer patients.Results:The immunohistochemical staining result showed that the expression level of MEIS1 in gastric cancer tissue was decreased.The univariate analysis results showed that the patients with high MEIS1 expression had a longer overall survival than those with low expression(P=0.049),and had a better prognosis.The multivariate Cox proprotional hazards regression analysis results showed that the low MEIS1 expression and high TNM stage were the independent risk factors for poor prognosis of the patients with gastric cancer(HR=1.577,95％CI:1.011-2.460,P=0.045;HR=2.709,95％CI:1.708-4.297,P＜0.001).Conclusion:The gastric cancer patients with low expression of ME1S1 have a shorter postoperative overall survival;MEIS1 is a promising biomarker for prognosis assessment of the patients after radical gastrectomy.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of fetal cardiac dysfunction in monochorionic diamniotic(MCDA)twin pregnancies,and establish a prediction model for their perinatal outcomes mainly based on ultra-sound indicators using information method.Methods:A total of 104 twin cases with ultrasound indicating fetal heart abnormalities were selected.Based on their chorionic and fetal heart abnormalities,they were divided into three groups:MCDA dysfunction group(61 cases),MCDA structural abnormalities group(23 cases),and dichori-onic diamniotic(DCDA)structural abnormalities group(20 cases).The clinical features of the three groups were analyzed and compared,and clinical outcomes were followed up until 3 years postpartum.A perinatal outcome prediction model for fetal cardiac dysfunction was established using the information method.All ultrasound abnor-mal indicators(7 categories)from the MCDA functional abnormality group,as well as 3 common clinical indicators,were included in the information model calculation.At the same time,the effectiveness of the model prediction was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and reserved cases(5 cases).Results:① Com-pared with the group with MCDA structural abnormalities,the group with MCDA functional abnormalities had a higher proportion of twin specific complications and a more severe staging.There was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in the proportion of live and non-live birth among the three groups,as well as the differences between different live birth outcomes and non-live birth outcomes.However,follow-up found that the majority(22/24)of live births in the MCDA dysfunction group had their heart function returning to normal on their own.②The pre-diction results of the information model showed that the classification criteria for adverse perinatal outcome or risks(I)of fetal cardiac dysfunction were:when I>1.0,the risk of fetal death was high;when-1.0

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of fetal cardiac dysfunction in monochorionic diamniotic(MCDA)twin pregnancies,and establish a prediction model for their perinatal outcomes mainly based on ultra-sound indicators using information method.Methods:A total of 104 twin cases with ultrasound indicating fetal heart abnormalities were selected.Based on their chorionic and fetal heart abnormalities,they were divided into three groups:MCDA dysfunction group(61 cases),MCDA structural abnormalities group(23 cases),and dichori-onic diamniotic(DCDA)structural abnormalities group(20 cases).The clinical features of the three groups were analyzed and compared,and clinical outcomes were followed up until 3 years postpartum.A perinatal outcome prediction model for fetal cardiac dysfunction was established using the information method.All ultrasound abnor-mal indicators(7 categories)from the MCDA functional abnormality group,as well as 3 common clinical indicators,were included in the information model calculation.At the same time,the effectiveness of the model prediction was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and reserved cases(5 cases).Results:① Com-pared with the group with MCDA structural abnormalities,the group with MCDA functional abnormalities had a higher proportion of twin specific complications and a more severe staging.There was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in the proportion of live and non-live birth among the three groups,as well as the differences between different live birth outcomes and non-live birth outcomes.However,follow-up found that the majority(22/24)of live births in the MCDA dysfunction group had their heart function returning to normal on their own.②The pre-diction results of the information model showed that the classification criteria for adverse perinatal outcome or risks(I)of fetal cardiac dysfunction were:when I>1.0,the risk of fetal death was high;when-1.0

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of fetal cardiac dysfunction in monochorionic diamniotic(MCDA)twin pregnancies,and establish a prediction model for their perinatal outcomes mainly based on ultra-sound indicators using information method.Methods:A total of 104 twin cases with ultrasound indicating fetal heart abnormalities were selected.Based on their chorionic and fetal heart abnormalities,they were divided into three groups:MCDA dysfunction group(61 cases),MCDA structural abnormalities group(23 cases),and dichori-onic diamniotic(DCDA)structural abnormalities group(20 cases).The clinical features of the three groups were analyzed and compared,and clinical outcomes were followed up until 3 years postpartum.A perinatal outcome prediction model for fetal cardiac dysfunction was established using the information method.All ultrasound abnor-mal indicators(7 categories)from the MCDA functional abnormality group,as well as 3 common clinical indicators,were included in the information model calculation.At the same time,the effectiveness of the model prediction was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and reserved cases(5 cases).Results:① Com-pared with the group with MCDA structural abnormalities,the group with MCDA functional abnormalities had a higher proportion of twin specific complications and a more severe staging.There was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in the proportion of live and non-live birth among the three groups,as well as the differences between different live birth outcomes and non-live birth outcomes.However,follow-up found that the majority(22/24)of live births in the MCDA dysfunction group had their heart function returning to normal on their own.②The pre-diction results of the information model showed that the classification criteria for adverse perinatal outcome or risks(I)of fetal cardiac dysfunction were:when I>1.0,the risk of fetal death was high;when-1.0

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of fetal cardiac dysfunction in monochorionic diamniotic(MCDA)twin pregnancies,and establish a prediction model for their perinatal outcomes mainly based on ultra-sound indicators using information method.Methods:A total of 104 twin cases with ultrasound indicating fetal heart abnormalities were selected.Based on their chorionic and fetal heart abnormalities,they were divided into three groups:MCDA dysfunction group(61 cases),MCDA structural abnormalities group(23 cases),and dichori-onic diamniotic(DCDA)structural abnormalities group(20 cases).The clinical features of the three groups were analyzed and compared,and clinical outcomes were followed up until 3 years postpartum.A perinatal outcome prediction model for fetal cardiac dysfunction was established using the information method.All ultrasound abnor-mal indicators(7 categories)from the MCDA functional abnormality group,as well as 3 common clinical indicators,were included in the information model calculation.At the same time,the effectiveness of the model prediction was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and reserved cases(5 cases).Results:① Com-pared with the group with MCDA structural abnormalities,the group with MCDA functional abnormalities had a higher proportion of twin specific complications and a more severe staging.There was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in the proportion of live and non-live birth among the three groups,as well as the differences between different live birth outcomes and non-live birth outcomes.However,follow-up found that the majority(22/24)of live births in the MCDA dysfunction group had their heart function returning to normal on their own.②The pre-diction results of the information model showed that the classification criteria for adverse perinatal outcome or risks(I)of fetal cardiac dysfunction were:when I>1.0,the risk of fetal death was high;when-1.0

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of fetal cardiac dysfunction in monochorionic diamniotic(MCDA)twin pregnancies,and establish a prediction model for their perinatal outcomes mainly based on ultra-sound indicators using information method.Methods:A total of 104 twin cases with ultrasound indicating fetal heart abnormalities were selected.Based on their chorionic and fetal heart abnormalities,they were divided into three groups:MCDA dysfunction group(61 cases),MCDA structural abnormalities group(23 cases),and dichori-onic diamniotic(DCDA)structural abnormalities group(20 cases).The clinical features of the three groups were analyzed and compared,and clinical outcomes were followed up until 3 years postpartum.A perinatal outcome prediction model for fetal cardiac dysfunction was established using the information method.All ultrasound abnor-mal indicators(7 categories)from the MCDA functional abnormality group,as well as 3 common clinical indicators,were included in the information model calculation.At the same time,the effectiveness of the model prediction was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and reserved cases(5 cases).Results:① Com-pared with the group with MCDA structural abnormalities,the group with MCDA functional abnormalities had a higher proportion of twin specific complications and a more severe staging.There was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in the proportion of live and non-live birth among the three groups,as well as the differences between different live birth outcomes and non-live birth outcomes.However,follow-up found that the majority(22/24)of live births in the MCDA dysfunction group had their heart function returning to normal on their own.②The pre-diction results of the information model showed that the classification criteria for adverse perinatal outcome or risks(I)of fetal cardiac dysfunction were:when I>1.0,the risk of fetal death was high;when-1.0

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of fetal cardiac dysfunction in monochorionic diamniotic(MCDA)twin pregnancies,and establish a prediction model for their perinatal outcomes mainly based on ultra-sound indicators using information method.Methods:A total of 104 twin cases with ultrasound indicating fetal heart abnormalities were selected.Based on their chorionic and fetal heart abnormalities,they were divided into three groups:MCDA dysfunction group(61 cases),MCDA structural abnormalities group(23 cases),and dichori-onic diamniotic(DCDA)structural abnormalities group(20 cases).The clinical features of the three groups were analyzed and compared,and clinical outcomes were followed up until 3 years postpartum.A perinatal outcome prediction model for fetal cardiac dysfunction was established using the information method.All ultrasound abnor-mal indicators(7 categories)from the MCDA functional abnormality group,as well as 3 common clinical indicators,were included in the information model calculation.At the same time,the effectiveness of the model prediction was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and reserved cases(5 cases).Results:① Com-pared with the group with MCDA structural abnormalities,the group with MCDA functional abnormalities had a higher proportion of twin specific complications and a more severe staging.There was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in the proportion of live and non-live birth among the three groups,as well as the differences between different live birth outcomes and non-live birth outcomes.However,follow-up found that the majority(22/24)of live births in the MCDA dysfunction group had their heart function returning to normal on their own.②The pre-diction results of the information model showed that the classification criteria for adverse perinatal outcome or risks(I)of fetal cardiac dysfunction were:when I>1.0,the risk of fetal death was high;when-1.0

Objective This paper summarizes and evaluates the existing animal models of Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)based on the clinical diagnostic criteria and symptom characteristics of PI-IBS in Chinese and western medicine.The goal of this study is to seek out animal models with a high degree of clinical agreement between Chinese and western medicine,and to provide an accurate animal model for the prevention and treatment of PI-IBS in traditional Chinese medicine.Methods The animal strains,modelling methods,and mechanisms of the existing PI-IBS animal models were summarized based on the clinical diagnostic features and symptomatology of PI-IBS,as well as the degree of match was evaluated and the strengths and weaknesses of the preparation of animal models were analyzed,by reviewing the articles related to PI-IBS animal experiments and the preparation of animal models.Results A thorough analysis discovered that Campylobacter jejuni infection model,Trichinella infection model,and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome in models of disease and symptom combination showed a comparatively high level of clinical agreement between Chinese and western medicine.Conclusion The existing PI-IBS models had the high degree of coincidence with western medicine,Chinese medicine four diagnoses and syndrome are generally less embodied and collected in the modeling process.The primary symptoms in Chinese medicine diagnosis are primarily based on the observation of animal apparent behaviors,while the observation of the sub-syndrome manifestations is relatively less,which results in failure of judgment of TCM syndrome types.Therefore,it is still necessary to further standardize the criteria for evaluating symptoms and the techniques for identifying disease-syndrome combination animal models.PI-IBS model with the syndrome-clinical characteristics in Chinese and western medicine has significant application value and prospects in the future.The multifactorial composite method of western medicine pathological injury+Chinese medicine etiological stimulation can establish a PI-IBS model with a higher degree of coincidence,which can provide theoretical support for the study of the pathogenesis of PI-IBS,the difference of syndrome,and the prevention and treatment with integrative Chinese and western medicine.It is crucial to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PI-IBS.

The pathogenesis of brain injury in fetal growth restriction (FGR) fetuses is likely associated with oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, although the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. This article mainly reviews the anatomical alterations, potential pathophysiological processes, and the specific molecular mechanisms involving various types of brain cells in FGR.