BACKGROUND:Health has been paid more and more attention in modern society, the health of those special groups, such as the elderly and the disabled, should also be brought to the forefront. As fitness equipment is more and more popular in contemporary, our focus should be transferred to the use of fitness equipment for these special groups.
OBJECTIVE:To put forward the design strategy of fitness equipment control interface, for the special groups to use common fitness equipment comfortably and conveniently.
METHODS:Based on the research of existing fitness equipment control interface, according to the usage habits and cognitive awareness of special groups on control interface, a new design strategy has been put forward using the general design method and ergonomics.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Based on the existing 45 kinds of exercise bikes, 84 kinds of running machines and 129 kinds of treadmil fitness equipments, we found that these equipments are designed for common users in the aspects of design and production process and control interface. Universal design is a design concept beyond the lack of capacity to meet the different needs of different populations, and designed products can reduce or even eliminate the difference in the ability of special populations and the general population in use. The new strategy makes design of fitness equipment control interface generalized and good man-machine interactive, which can meet the demand of the special groups and help them do fitness exercise to improve their health and body function.

Methanol has become an attractive substrate for the biomanufacturing industry due to its abundant supply and low cost. The biotransformation of methanol to value-added chemicals using microbial cell factories has the advantages of green process, mild conditions and diversified products. These advantages may expand the product chain based on methanol and alleviate the current problem of biomanufacturing, which is competing with people for food. Elucidating the pathways involving methanol oxidation, formaldehyde assimilation and dissimilation in different natural methylotrophs is essential for subsequent genetic engineering modification, and is more conducive to the construction of novel non-natural methylotrophs. This review discusses the current status of research on methanol metabolic pathways in methylotrophs, and presents recent advances and challenges in natural and synthetic methylotrophs and their applications in methanol bioconversion.
Humans ; Methanol/metabolism* ; Metabolic Engineering ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Biotransformation