A microfluidic chip with micropillar arrays for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture was designed and validated.The chip consisted of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channel plate and a glass cover plate.One cell culture chamber composed of two rows of micropillar arrays and two lateral channels for transporting the culture medium were integrated on the PDMS channel plate.The spacing between micropillars directly affects the chip performance, which is critical for the design of the chip.In this work, the spacing between micropillars was optimized by numerical simulation and experimental validation.With the optimized microfluidic chip, the mixture of cells and extracellular matrix mimics could be steadily injected into the cell culture chamber, the nutrients in the culture medium from the lateral channels could quickly diffuse into the chamber, and the cell metabolites could also timely diffuse out of the chamber.To test the stability of the microenvironment in the microfluidic chip, neural stem cells were three-dimensionally cultured.

Objective To analyze the histological underestimation of stereotactic core needle biopsy (SNCB).and tO attract clinicians' attention.Methods SNCB was performed in 146 patients with 179 lesions from September 2000 to June 2005.and 21 lesions were underestimated histologically.0f 21 nonpalpable breast lesions(NPBL).6 lesions were diagnosed as BI-RADS nl,12 8S BI-RADS Ⅳ,3 as BI-RADS V according to BI-RADS before biopsy.Mammography showed 16 lesions with calicification, 2 cases with masses,1 case with asymmetry density and 2 cases with stellate sign.Results Eleven lesions diagnosed as fibrocystic disease with atypical ductal hyperplasia by biopsy were proved to be ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)in 7 lesions and early infiltration in 4 lesions by pathology.3 lesions diagnosed as severe atypical hyperplasia by biopsy were finally proved to be 1 carcinoma in situ and early infiltration in 2 lesions by pathology.3 lesions diagnosed as DCIS by biopsy were invasive carcinoma.4 lesions diagnosed papillary lesions by biopsy and finally were 1 carcinoma in situ,1 early infiltration,1 infiltrating ductal carcinoma and l intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma.Conclusion The histological underestimation of SCNB Was related to the stereotactic location technology,lesion and doctor'S understanding,the radiologist should master the biopsy skills.

Objective To investigate the role of miR-223 in the pathogenesis of acute gouty inflammation.Methods The subjects were divided into 3 groups:65 acute gout patients (AG),50 inter-critical gout patients (IG),and 45 healthy controls (HC).The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the clinical laboratory parameters were all collected.The expression of miR-223 in the PBMCs was detected using realtime fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) (TaqMan probe).The PBMCs of 5 healthy people were stimulated with monosodium urate (MSU) (100 μg/ml) for 12 h,and then,miR-223,NLRP3 mRNA and IL-1β production were all measured using RT-qPCR and ELISA respectively.All data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 statistical software,Wilcoxon rank sum test,t test and Spearman's correlations analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results ① The expression of miR-223 in AG and IG groups was both significantly decreased than that in the HC group (8±17 vs 26±76,P＜0.05;9±17 vs 26±76,P＜0.05;respectively),AG group was significantly decreased than that in the IG group [8(17) vs 9(17),Z=11.387,P＜0.01].② After stimulated with MSU in healthy controls,IL-1β production and NLRP3 mRNA were both significantly increased [(86±5) pg/ml vs (13±6) pg/ml,t=21.042,P＜0.01;5.2±0.4 vs 1.2±0.4,t=14.640,P＜0.01;respectively],while the expression of miR-223 was significantly decreased (0.34±0.20 vs 1.05±0.24,t=-5.164,P＜0.01).Conclusion The data suggests that miR-223 might be involved in the patho-genesis of spontaneous regulation,but further study is needed to discover the exact mechanism.

Objective To investigate the role of long noncoding RNA-AJ227913 in the pathogenesis of primary gout arthritis (GA). Methods The subjects were divided into three groups:30 acute gout patients (AGA), 30 non-acute gout patients (NAGA), 30 healthy controlsand 30 hyperuricemia patients (HUA). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was employed to examine the expression of AJ227913 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) from four groups. 100 μg/ml monosodium urate (MSU) was used to stimulate the peripheral blood of NAGA and healthy controls patients. Then the expression ofAJ227913 was detected by RT-qPCR. Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test, Spearman correlations were used for statistical analysis. Results The expression level of AJ227913 in the AGA group (0.0557 ±0.0156) was higher than that in the NAGA group (0.0223±0.018) and healthy controls group (0.0038±0.0013). There was significant difference between the NAGA group and healthy controls group (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of AJ227913 in NAGA group which were stimulated by MSU was significantly increased. The Spearman correlation analysis found that the AJ227913 expression levels in GA groups were correlated with UREA (r=0.608, P<0.01), CREA (r=0.337, P<0.05), CYSC (r=0.422, P<0.01). Conclusion Altered expression of AJ227913 may be involved in the inflammatory process of GA and the balance of uricacid.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of combined application of lactitol oral solution and polyethylene glycol electrolyte (PEG) powder compared with conventional method in bowel preparation before colonoscopy. Methods 205 patients who underwent colonoscopy were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group (n = 102) were given lactitol and polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder, whereas the patients in control group (n = 103) were given polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder only. The visibility and adverse effects during colonoscopy were observed. Results The cleaning satisfaction rate was not statistically significant between the two groups. The proportion of cleanliness to grade 1 in experimental group was higher than that in control group. The incidence of adverse effects in experimental group was lower, and there was no effect on sleeping night. The compliance and tolerance of hospitalized patients were significantly improved. Conclusion Lactitol combined with polyethylene glycol electrolyte (peg) powder is safe, effective, with low incidence of adverse effect for bowel preparation in hospitalized patients.

BACKGROUND: Zinc, an inorganic antibacterial material, has a suitable degradation rate and good antibacterial property. Adding alloying elements can improve the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the material, which is the development direction of novel medical biodegradable metal materials. There is still lack a comparable research on the antibacterial properties among zinc-based materials. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antibacterial properties of pure zine and zinc-based alloys in vivo. METHODS: Eighty Sprague-Dawley rats, SPF grade, were randomized into two groups (n=40/group) , and all rats were injected with Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli solution to prepare infection models. Different materials (Zn, ZnAl, ZnSr, Zn3 Mg, Zn3 Ag, Zn3 Ca and Zn4 Cu; five rats for each material) were implanted into the medullary cavity of femur. The control group without any material was set. At 1, 4, 7 and 14 days after implantation, the changes of body temperature, white blood cell count, serum tumor necrosis factor α and serum zinc content in rats were detected. The secretions and tissues of the surgical site were collected to identify the bacterial species. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The body temperature in all the rats was increased to different extents after bacterial infection, but the temperature of the rats implanted with zinc and zinc alloys was always lower than that in the control group at 7 and 14 days (P < 0.05) . The temperature in the Zn3 Ag group was significantly lower than that in the other groups at 7 and 14 days (P < 0.05) . (2) The white blood cell count and tumor necrosis factor α level in the zinc and zinc alloys groups were significantly lower than those in the control group at 7 and 14 days after implantation (P < 0.05) . The white blood cell count and tumor necrosis factor α level in the Zn3 Ag group were significantly lower than those in the other groups (P < 0.05) . (3) The serum zinc content in all groups has no significant difference (P> 0.05) . (4) The bacterial culture results showed S.aureus (+) in the Staphylococcus aureus infection group and E.coli (+) in the Escherichia coli infection group. (5) To conclude, degradable zinc-based alloys exert marked antibacterial effects, and Zn3 Ag alloys have the best antibacterial activity.

Objective: To explore the efficacy of thematic health education on breast cancer patients with whole course of disease management. Methods: According to the order of admission into the hospital, 100 breast cancer patients were randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the observation group. In the control group, clinical nursing pathway was adopted when health education was conducted. In the observation group, thematic health education based on the whole course of disease management was carried out. Mastery of disease knowledge, health-promoting behaviors and degree of anxiety were compared between the two groups. Results: The total score of the survey on the observation group and the scores of Disease Risk Factors, Functional Training and Observation and Protection of Complication (90.00±11.75, 18.05±4.33, 19.01±4.20, 18.68±0.07) were all higher than those of the control group (86.68±9.340, 16.12±2.86, 17.22±2.83, 15.43±6.78); the differences were statistically significant (t=2.641-9.171, P<0.05) .The total score of the observation group in The Healthy Living Style Scale and the scores in different dimensions were all higher than those of the control group; the differences were statistically significant (t=2.347-6.653, P<0.05 or 0.01) .The score of the Self-rating Anxiety Scale of the observation group after completing all the chemotherapy periods (48.20±4.03) was lower than that of the control group after three chemotherapy periods (53.56±2.84) ;the differences were statistically significant (t=7.028, P<0.05) ; in these two tests, the group differences in scores between the two groups are also statistically significant (t=2.050, 11.560, P<0.05 or 0.01) . Conclusion Conducting thematic health education on the breast cancer patients based on the whole course of disease management can effectively improve the patients′ mastery of disease knowledge, improve their health-promoting behaviors, relieve their anxiety and help them recover physically and mentally.

The evaluation, diagnosis, real-time monitoring, and guided operation conducted by ultrasound specialist nurses in acute and critical care can provide an objective basis for nursing decision-making, which is of great significance for optimizing nursing procedures and improving the survival rate and rehabilitation rate of patients. This paper summarizes the concept, origin, training status, and practice scope of ultrasound specialist nurses in the field of acute and critical care and puts forward the prospect of development in order to provide a reference for the training of ultrasound specialist nurses in the field of acute and critical care in China.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of testa triticum tricum purif combined with polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder for bowel preparation before colonoscopy in patients with constipation. Methods A total of 190 patients with constipation who underwent colonoscopy were randomized into 2 groups. The study group(n=93)were given testa triticum tricum purif and polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder,whereas the control group(n=97)were given polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder only.The bowel cleanness,adenoma detection rate,and incidence of adverse events during bowel preparation were compared. Results The bowel preparation score(7.31±1.14 VS 6.06±1.22,P=0.000)and effective rate(95.70%VS 69.07%, P=0.000)in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The incidence of adverse events in the study group was lower than that in the control group(5.38% VS 17.53%, P=0.009). There was no significant difference in the adenoma detection rate between the two groups (36.56% VS 26.80%, P=0.148). Conclusion Testa triticum tricum purif combined with polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder is superior to conventional method of polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder alone for colonoscopy bowel preparation in patients with constipation.

Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection ( ESD) with endoscopic piecemeal mucosal resection ( EPMR) for early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions with length more than 5 cm. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on data of 85 patients diagnosed as early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions with length more than 5 cm in Fujian Medical Association of Early Esophageal Carcinoma from January 2012 to July 2017. The patients were divided into ESD group (52 cases) and EPMR group (33 cases), and the effectiveness and safety between the two groups were compared. Results There was no significant difference on the complete resection rate between the two groups[86. 5％ (45/52) VS 87. 9％ (29/33), P>0. 05]. The operative time (58. 53±30. 50 min VS 32. 06±9. 12 min), postoperative fasting time (4. 18±1. 30 d VS 3. 67±0. 96 d), postoperative hospital-stay time (7. 45±2. 44 d VS 6. 54±1. 73 d), and postoperative antibiotics using time (3. 48±2. 33 d VS 1. 96±2. 20 d) in ESD group were higher than those in EPMR group (all P<0. 05). There were no significant difference in the rate of intraoperative complication and short-term postoperative complication, such as fever, chest pain, and postoperative bleeding, between the two groups ( all P>0. 05 ) . But the postoperative stricture rate of ESD group was higher than that of EPMR group[23. 1％ (12/52) VS 6. 1％(2/33), P<0. 05]. During the follow-up of 3-63 months, 5 cases recurred in ESD group and 1 case in EPMR group, with no significant difference ( P>0. 05). Conclusion ESD and EPMR have equivalent efficacy and safety on the treatment of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesion. EPMR has a shorter operative time, lower rate of post-operative stricture, and is easier to master.