Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is the inhalation of 100％ oxygen at a pressure higher than one atmosphere absolute (ATA),and has been used as an auxiliary therapy for various skin diseases.It has been proved that HBO can increase the oxygen content in skin tissues,accelerate aerobic metabolism of skin,promote epithelial regeneration and wound healing,relieve adverse stimuli on peripheral nerves and sensors in the skin,inhibit apoptosis of neurons,enhance the function of regulatory T cells,alleviate inflammation,and mobilize vascular stem/progenitor cells (SPCs) from the bone marrow to peripheral blood and ulcer tissues.At present,HBO has been widely applied in the auxiliary treatment of psoriasis,atopic dermatitis,postberpetic neuralgia,chronic refractory cutaneous ulcer,pyoderma gangrenosum,fungal infection,vascular embolization after cosmetic facial filling,and some other skin diseases.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a commonly encountered degenerative disease in clinic which gets widespread attention due to its high incidence and disability. The biomechanics is a relatively cause of KOA. This paper reviewed the biomechanics from the aspects of articular stability, adduct torque, gait and alignment.

Kinetic model analysis is a useful tool for understanding the regulation and control of cellular metabolism and thus offering a guideline for rational design of high efficiency cell factory. Based on previously published models and experimental measurement of enzyme kinetics data, we developed a kinetic model for the threonine biosynthesis pathway in Escherichia coli. This model integrates the central pathways that produce precursors, ATP and reducing power with the threonine biosynthesis pathway from aspartate. In contrast to the previous models, we considered the energy and reducing power balance rather than artificially set their concentrations. Metabolic control analysis of the model showed that enzymes PTS, G6PDH, HDH etc. have great flux control coefficients on the threonine biosynthesis flux. This indicates higher threonine synthesis flux could be achieved by overexpressing these enzymes.
Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Industrial Microbiology ; Kinetics ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Models, Biological ; Threonine ; biosynthesis

BACKGROUND:Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene is a kind of porous polymer materials which is commonly used as clinical implants, and it has good biocompatibility, and is not easy to deformation or metamorphism. There is no existence of inflammation absorption reaction, and it al ows the cel migration and tissue ingrowth.
OBJECTIVE:To study the biocompatibility of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene scaffold and human adipose-derived stem cel s.
METHODS:The passage 4 human adipose-derived stem cel s were co-cultured with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene scaffold in vitro. The morphology and function of cel s adhered to the scaffold were observed by inverted phase contrast microscope, and cel adhesive rates and proliferation rates were also calculated by MTT assay.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The inoculated cel s were round and bright, distributed on the surface of scaffolds uniformly, with good cel viability. After 3 hours a large number of adherent cel s were observed from the micrograph;after 24 hours there were a smal amount of short-spindle adipose-derived stem cel s. After cultured for 3 days, the short fusiform or polygon cel s could be seen clearly. After cultured for 7 days, the number of cel s increased significantly, few cel s fel off from the scaffold, and cel adhesion rate was up to an average of 95.7%. Meanwhile, the cel s revealed normal splitting proliferation rate. These findings indicate that human adipose-derived stem cel s are able to attach, grow and proliferate wel on the scaffold. Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene reveals excel ent cel ular compatibility and can be used as a vehicle for adipose tissue engineering.

BACKGROUND:The establishment of a good blood supply is a key mechanism for successful implantation of engineered tissues. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on the migration of human adipose-derived stem cells via implanting the human adipose-derived stem cells and sodium hyaluronate composite graft at the subcutaneous site of BALB/C mice, in order to explore an optimal scheme for soft tissue reconstruction. METHODS:Human adipose-derived stem cells were isolated from the adipose tissue of healthy cosmetic patients which received liposuction, and the cells were subcultured. Then 5×109/L passage 3 cellsuspension labeled by cm-dil was prepared. The working solution containing 2 mg/L basic fibroblast growth factor was prepared. Composite tissue al-lografts which were the mixtures of 0.25 mL sodium hyaluronate, 0.2 mL cellsuspension and 0.05 mL working solution or DMEM were implanted into the subcutaneous site of both sides of the mouse back. Specimens were taken at 6 weeks after operation and were evaluated histological y after hematoxylin-eosin and vascular immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No necrosis, liquefaction, nodular tissue or gel remained in operated position. The hematoxylin-eosin staining showed the main components of the specimens were the adipose tissue and the loose connective tissue. The immunofluorescence staining showed the overlaps between the cm-dil fluorescence from human adipose-derived stem cells and the FITC fluorescence from the vascular endothelium in the experimental group were more than those in the control group (P<0.05). Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes the migration and the differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells in the sodium hyaluronate scaffold into vascular endothelium.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and adenoid size as well as tonsil size in Children. METHOD: A total of 545 patients, 338 OSAHS patients (treated group) diagnosed by PSG and 207 patients with vocal cord nodules but symptoms of upper airway obstruction (control group), were enrolled from inpatient and outpatient between June, 2008 and October, 2010. The oropharynx and electron-nasopharyngolaryngoscopy examination records of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed. The patients in the treated group were also divided into mild group, moderate group and severe group according to obstructive apnea index (OAI) or AHI. SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULT: In the treated group, 89.7% had grade III-V adenoid and 68.4% had grade III-IV tonsil, compared with 30.9% (adenoid) and 13.5% (tonsil) in the control group. The significant differences were found (all P < 0.01). The comparison between patients with different grades of adenoidal size and tonsil size in the treated group had indicated that patients with grade IV adenoid or grade IV tonsil have a higher risk of OSAHS than patients with grade III adenoid or grade III tonsil. In the treated group, the ratio of patients with different severity of adenoid or tonsil had increased with the severity of OSAHS (P < 0.01). This retrospective study had also found that most of the grading results from Electron-nasopharyngolaryngoscopy examination were consistent with that from oropharynx examination. 13 (37.1%) of 35 patients with grade I or II tonsil diagnosed by Oropharynx examination were considered as grade III by Electron-nasopharyngolaryngoscopy examination. CONCLUSION Adenoidal hypertrophy and tonsil hypertrophy are the risk factors for OSAHS in children. The risk of OSAHS and the severity of OSAHS are positively associated with the severity of adenoid and tonsil. The electron-nasopharyngolaryngoscopy examination is an important examination method for diagnosing OSAHS in children, as well as determination of tonsil size.
Adenoids ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Child ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; complications ; pathology ; Laryngoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Organ Size ; Palatine Tonsil ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; classification ; etiology

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the improvement and rectification effects about prescription checking and intervention skills of pharmacists. METHODS:By retrospective investigation,2417 outpatient prescriptions and 1698 outpatient prescriptions were respectively selected from some one hospital during Oct.-Dec. 2015 (before improvement and rectification) and Jan.-Mar. 2016 (after improvement and rectification). According to standards,guidelines and references as Prescription Administrative Poli-cy,Prescription Review Management Standard(trial)and drug instructions,irrational drug use and prescription checking and inter-vention skills of pharmacists were compared before and after the implementation of rectification measures as optimizing hospital in-formation system,improving comprehensive skills of pharmacists,strengthening pharmacists'concept,establishing feedback mech-anism. RESULTS:After the implementation of rectification measures,unsuitable indications,clinical diagnosis inconsistent with medication,antibiotics use without indications,unsuitable usage and dosage,unsuitable drug combination and irrational drug use were all decreased,but repeated drug use was increased,without statistical significance (P>0.05). The number of non-standard prescriptions and unsuitable prescriptions checked by pharmacists were decreased,without statistical significance(P>0.05). The in-cidence of checking missing,excessive checking and checking error were all increased from 2.40%,0.99%,3.39% before im-provement and rectification to 0.47%,0.29%,0.77%,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The improvement and rectification measures of the hospital can improve comprehensive prescription checking and intervention skills of pharmacists. Ir-rational drug use should be further standardized.

Objective To analyze the clicinal feature and therapy of the children with severe pancreatitis.Methods The clinical data of 12 children with severe pancreatitis were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Results All the cases had acute onset,10 cases had abdominal pain and fever,6 cases had abnormal blood glucose,2cases had gastrointestinal bleeding.All these cases had abdominal distention,hypoactive bowel sounds,ascites,intestinal obstruction.All these cases had a higher level of blood and urine amylase than normal,and abnormal liver function.9 cases had elevated WBC,3 cases had descendant blood calcium,edematous and inflammatory thymus were presented in 12 cases,2 of whom were associated with expancreatical damage,such as liver,intestinal,and biliary tract stones.Conclusion The early stage of severe pancreatitis is not obvious in symptoms and signs,and is prone to multiple organ damage or failure to which all pediatric clinicians should have high alert.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and management of functional pancreatic endocrine tumor.Methods Clinical data of 19 cases of functional pancreatic endocrine tumor were retrospectively analyzed.Results 15 cases of insulinoma,2 cases of gastrinoma and 2 cases of glucagonoma were qualitatively diagnosed.The positive rate of preoperative diagosis for type B ultrasonic inspection,CT,MRI,EUS,selective portovenous sampling and intraoperative type B ultrasonic inspection was 15.8％ (3/19),67.5％ (10/16),71.4％ (5/7),87.5％ (7/8),100％(2/2) and 85.7％(6/7) respectively.Of the total 19 cases,7 cases underwent open surgery,11 cases unde rwent laparoscopic surgery,and one case didn't undergo any surgery as liver metastasis had occurred when glucagonoma was diagnosed.The operation methods included tumor enucleation (n=13),distal pancreatic resection (n=3),distal pancreatic resection plus splenectomy (n=1),and pancreatic head resection with duodenum preserved (n=1).Conclusions The measurement of serum insulin,gastrin and glucagon is the main basis for qualitative diagonosis of pancreatic endocrine tumor.Two stage spinal CT thin scanning is the main method for tumor location.Intraoperative type B ultrasonic inspection is the supplement to preoperative location.Tumor enucleation is the main choice of treatment.

Objective To explore the anti-tumor effect and the influence of antitumor immunity of PD-L1/PD-1 blocked by PD-1 antibody combined with cisplatin. Methods Tumor models were established by injecting TC-1 cells into C57BL/6 mice, and the mice were divided into four groups (n = 4). The tumor growth curves and survival curves were drawn to observe the anti-tumor effect. The tumors were then removed; and the PD-L1 and CD8+ T cells were analyzed by immunohistochemical method. Results The anti-tumor effect was greater in the cisplatin group , PD-1 antibody group , and PD-1 antibody plus cisplatin group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Expression of PD-L1 in the tumor tissues was markedly increased in the cisplatin group and it was obviously decreased in the combination group (P < 0.05). CD8+ T cells decreased in the cisplatin group; and expression of CD8+ T cells was significantly increased the combination group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The anti-tumor effect and anti-tumor immunity of cisplatin are enhanced by blocking PD-L1/PD-1 pathway with PD-1 antibody.