OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the improvement and rectification effects about prescription checking and intervention skills of pharmacists. METHODS:By retrospective investigation,2417 outpatient prescriptions and 1698 outpatient prescriptions were respectively selected from some one hospital during Oct.-Dec. 2015 (before improvement and rectification) and Jan.-Mar. 2016 (after improvement and rectification). According to standards,guidelines and references as Prescription Administrative Poli-cy,Prescription Review Management Standard(trial)and drug instructions,irrational drug use and prescription checking and inter-vention skills of pharmacists were compared before and after the implementation of rectification measures as optimizing hospital in-formation system,improving comprehensive skills of pharmacists,strengthening pharmacists'concept,establishing feedback mech-anism. RESULTS:After the implementation of rectification measures,unsuitable indications,clinical diagnosis inconsistent with medication,antibiotics use without indications,unsuitable usage and dosage,unsuitable drug combination and irrational drug use were all decreased,but repeated drug use was increased,without statistical significance (P>0.05). The number of non-standard prescriptions and unsuitable prescriptions checked by pharmacists were decreased,without statistical significance(P>0.05). The in-cidence of checking missing,excessive checking and checking error were all increased from 2.40%,0.99%,3.39% before im-provement and rectification to 0.47%,0.29%,0.77%,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The improvement and rectification measures of the hospital can improve comprehensive prescription checking and intervention skills of pharmacists. Ir-rational drug use should be further standardized.

Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)is one of the most commom cause of liver fibrosis. Accurate assessment of liver fibrosis is essential for the strategy of treatment and judgement of prognosis . Liver biopsy is the gold standard for staging fibrosis,but it is invasive with high cost,low reproducibility and poor acceptance by patients. Therefore,it is urgent to explore a noninvasive modality for the assessment of liver fibrosis. Recent evidence highlights that elastographic techniques, biochemical markers and the diagnostic model consisted of several serum markers have the potential for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis. This article reviewed the progress in noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with CHB.

Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) is positioned to provide various strategies for people with disabilities for achieving the embracing development of the community. CBR is also the terminal of the three-level rehabilitation service system. This paper analyzed the status of domestic community-based rehabilitation based on the document, discussed the possible problems referred to the international concepts about CBR, and suggested a new service pattern of CBR based on the internet and information technology.

Objective To evaluate the effect of sevoflurane preconditioning on autophagy in the operated lung tissues of the patients undergoing one-lung ventilation.Methods Forty patients of both sexes,with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,aged 30-80 yr,weighing 45-84 kg,scheduled for elective radical operation for lung cancer performed via video-assisted thoracoscope under general anesthesia,were divided into control group (C group) and sevoflurane preconditioning group (SP group),with 20 patients in each group.In SP group,sevoflurane was inhaled for 30 min with the final concentration of 2.0％,followed by washout.The normal lung tissues (the distance from the edge of the lump＞2 cm) around the lump were obtained for detection of the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ by Western blot.Results Compared with C group,the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ in lung tissues was significantly up-regulated in SP group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane preconditioning can enhance autophagy in the operated lung tissues of the patients undergoing one-lung ventilation,which may be related to the lung protective effect.

Objective To observe the changes of the cells of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2)using RNA for silencing the expression of COMMD7 gene,and investigate related mechanism of COMMD7 gene promoting HepG2 proliferation.Methods COMMD7 gene shRNA was designed and constructed into COMMD7-shRNA plasmid.HepG2 cells were divided into the HepG2 group,control-shRNA group (empty vectors were infected) and COMMD7-shRNA group (positive vectors were infected).Cells shapes were observed by fluorescence microscope after infecting.The expression of COMMD7 and expression and phosphosylation of extracellular regulated protein kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) and MEK1/2 protein were measured by Western blot.The cell vitality was measured by cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8),and the apoptosis of cell was detected by flow cytometry.The measurement data with normal distribution were presented as (x) ± s.The comparisons among groups were evaluated with the one-way ANOVA,and pairwise comparison was analyzed by the LSD-t test.Results The cells were oval or spindle shapes and displayed green fluorescent after infected successfully.The results of Western blot showed that the relative quantitative expression of COMMD7 protein in the HepG2 group,control-shRNA group and COMMD7-shRNA group were 0.90 ±0.18,1.03 ±0.05 and 0.23 ±0.03,respectively,with a significant difference among the 3 groups (F =152.08,P ＜ 0.05),and the expression of COMMD7 protein in the COMMD7-shRNA group was significantly lower than those in the other 2 groups (t =20.74,21.16,P ＜ 0.05).The results of CCK-8 showed that the scores of the HepG2 vitality in the HepG2 group,control-shRNA group and COMMD7-shRNA group were 1.193 ±0.024,1.225 ±0.034 and 1.147 ±0.021,respectively,with a significant difference among the 3 groups (F =6.90,P ＜ 0.05),and the HepG2 vitality in the COMMD7-shRNA group was significantly lower than those in the other 2 groups (t =3.53,3.69,P ＜ 0.05).The results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of HepG2 in the HepG2 group,control-shRNA group and COMMD7-shRNA group were 6.1％ ± 0.3％,7.8％ ± 0.5％ and 20.9％ ± 1.4％,showing a significant difference among the 3 groups (F =270.80,P ＜0.05),and the apoptosis rate of HepG2 in the COMMD7-shRNA group was significant higher than those in the other 2 groups (t =21.77,19.36,P ＜0.05).The results of Western blot showed that the relative quantitative expression of phosphorylation (p)-ERK1/2 and p-MEK1/2 in the HepG2 group,control-shRNA group and COMMD7-shRNA group were 0.932 ±0.046,0.945 ±0.017,0.553 ±0.052 and 0.452 ±0.031,0.468±0.027,0.263 ± 0.022,respectively,showing significant differences among the 3 groups (F =93.61,49.16,P ＜ 0.05),and the relative quantitative expression of p-ERK1/2 and p-MEK1/2 in the COMMD7-shRNA group were significantly lower than those in the other 2 groups (t =11.94,12.17,9.33,8.65,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions COMMD7 gene can promote HepG2 proliferation via activating ERK/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway,and its mechanism may be promoting the phosphorylation of expression of ERK1/2 and MEK1/2.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and related factors of emotional problems of newly identified patients with HIV/AIDS in Changsha, Hunan Province, and to provide scientific evidence for the mental health intervention in this special population. METHODS: A total of 370 patients with HIV/AIDS who were newly identified by the Center for Disease Prevention and Control in Changsha City from March 1, 2013 to February 28, 2014 were investigated. Self-designed questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), HIV/AIDS Stress Scale and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were performed to assess the prevalence of depression, the anxiety symptoms, the HIV related stress and the status of social support. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression and anxiety were 40.3% (PHQ-9 ≥ 10 points) and 30.5% (GAD-7 ≥ 10 points), respectively. Severe depressive symptoms (PHQ-9≥20 points) and severe anxiety (GAD-7 ≥ 15 points) accounted for 8.1% and 14.3%, respectively. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the status of employment (b=-3.407, P<0.001; b=-2.799, P=0.001), the sexual orientation (b=1.903, P=0.008; b=1.314, P=0.034), the resident status (b=-1.995, P=0.012; b=-2.167, P=0.002), the emergence of HIV-related symptoms(b=4.578, P<0.001; b=3.652, P<0.001) and the HIV related stress (b=0.081, P<0.001; b=0.090, P<0.001) were the predictors for both depressive and anxious emotional problems whereas the social support (b=-0.046, P=0.044) was the predictor for depressive emotional problems. Both anxiety (ΔR2=54.7%, P<0.001) and depression (ΔR2=55.8%, P<0.001) were strong predictors for patients with HIV/AIDS. CONCLUSION Depression and anxiety are prevalent among the newly identified patients with HIV/ AIDS. Psychosocial support and basic mental health services should be integrated into the current HIV/AIDS care system.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; psychology ; Anxiety ; epidemiology ; Depression ; epidemiology ; HIV Infections ; psychology ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Prevalence ; Regression Analysis ; Social Support ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective: To investigate the status of immunization of National Immunization Program (NIP) and its adverse reaction rate in children with tuberous sclerosis. Method: Questionnaire survey was adopted to identify the vaccination coverage and its adverse events; 72 cases of children with tuberous sclerosis and 78 normal controls (healthy children completing age-appropriate NIP) admitted to Chinese People′s Liberation Army General Hospital from December 2014 to November 2015 were involved into this study. Result: The age-appropriate NIP coverage rate of tuberous sclerosis was 36%(26/72). The coverage rate of bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG), hepatitis B vaccine 1^st to 3^rd doses (HepB1-3), oral poliovaccine 1^st dose (OPV1), diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus 1^st dose (DPT1), DPT1-3, meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine group A (MPVA), measles amd rubella vaccine/measles vaccine 1^st dose (MRV/MCV1), and Japanese encephalitis vaccine 1^st dose (JEV1) were 100%(72 cases), 75%(51 cases), 97%(66 cases), 91%(62 cases), 82%(56 cases), 66%(45 cases), 69%(42 cases), and 61%(37 cases) respectively. The reasons why the children did not complete the vaccination plan were that parents were concerned about vaccination-induced seizures or seizures had not been controlled. Among 72 children with TSC, the rate of adverse events or suspected adverse events after vaccination was 17% (12 cases), which was higher than the normal control children (2 cases, 3%) (χ²=8.799, P<0.05). The main adverse events were seizure events, which accounted for 92%(11 cases). Conclusion The age-appropriate NIP coverage rate among children with tuberous sclerosis is low. The high incidence of adverse events may be associated with a fact that there are some nervous system abnormalities in cases with tuberous sclerosis. TSC children vaccination is relatively safe, with no serious adverse events.

OBJECTIVETo provide basis for effects of an early psychological intervention on parents of children with cleft lip/palate, and investigate the effects of an early psychological intervention to them.

METHODSOne self-administered questionnaire (SCL-90) was applied in 102 parents of children with cleft lip/palate, compared to 126 parents of healthy individuals on the day of admission. They were given the psychological intervention during hospitalization and 3 months after discharge. The questionnaire (SCL-90) was again applied to them on the day of discharge and 3 months after discharge.

RESULTSUsing the questionnaire (SCL-90), the answer scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive, depression and anxiety etc. were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). There were no statistical differences during 3 subgroups in the case group (P > 0.05). There were no statistical differences on the day of admission and on the day of discharge (P > 0.05), but there were statistical difference on the day of admission and 3 months after discharge (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn this study, the psychosomatic states of parents of children with cleft lip/palate is poor. It's important and greatly significant that we conduct early psychological intervention to parents of children with cleft lip/palate and to the children's psychosomatic health.

Objective:To preliminarily explore the association of pregnancy factors with cow's milk protein allergy in infants.Methods:This study was based on data from a subcohort of a study called ge-netic susceptibility to cow's milk allergy in Chinese children,including infants born in Peking University People's Hospital between March 1,2020,and December 31,2020.The infants were divided into a cow's milk protein allergy(CMPA)group and a control group according to whether they had developed cow's milk protein allergy at the age of 1 year.We retrospectively collected the clinical data of infants and their mothers before and during pregnancy,and analyzed the association of multiple factors during pregnancy with cow's milk protein allergy in infants.Results:A total of 278 infants were enrolled in this study,including 52 infants with CMPA and 226 infants without CMPA.Among them,there were 143 boys and 135 girls.The proportion of male infants in the CMPA group(69.2％)was higher than that in the control group(47.3％),and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.004).There were no significant differences in the distribution of birth weight,gestational age at birth,low-birth-weight in-fants,premature,umbilical cord entangle neck,and neonatal asphyxia between the CMPA group and the control group(P＞0.05).The proportion of mothers complicated with autoimmune diseases,anemia or antibiotics exposure during pregnancy in the CMPA group was higher than that in the control group,and there were statistical differences between the two groups(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the distribution of other pregnancy complications between the two groups(P＞0.05),such as eclamp-sia/preeclampsia,chronic hypertension/gestational hypertension,diabetes/gestational diabetes,thyroid diseases,and so on.There was no significant difference in the overall distribution of some blood routine indexes during pregnancy between the CMPA group and the control group(P＞0.05).Multivariate Lo-gistic regression analysis showed that male infant,mothers complicated with autoimmune diseases or ane-mia,antibiotic exposure during pregnancy were independent risk factors for cow's milk protein allergy.Conclusion:Male infant,mothers complicated with autoimmune diseases or anemia,antibiotic exposure during pregnancy were independent risk factors for cow's milk protein allergy.