1.Correlation between the primary tumor size of endometrial carcinoma and lymph node metastasis and recurrence
Congmin GUO ; Yibo DAI ; Jing GENG ; He LI ; Yangyang DONG ; Zhiqi WANG ; Jianliu WANG
Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021;56(4):264-270
Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of the primary tumor size in patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC).Methods:A total of 385 patients with EC admitted to Peking University People's Hospital from January 2006 to December 2016 with complete follow up data were selected, whose tumor size data before biopsy were retrospectively studied.Results:(1) The mean diameter of the primary tumor was (3.6±1.8) cm (range: 1-15 cm). And 48 cases were 0-<2 cm, 78 cases were 2-<3 cm, 92 cases were 3-<4 cm, 73 cases were 4-<5 cm, 94 cases were ≥5 cm. The diameter of the tumor was associated with age <60 years old, premenopause, CA 125≥35 kU/L, non-parturition, poor differentiation, stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, depth of myometrial infiltration ≥1/2, cervical interstitial involvement, adnexal metastasis and lymph node metastasis (all P<0.05), but not associated with body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, pathology, lymph-vascular space invasion (all P>0.05). (2) Among the 334 patients underwent lymphadenectomy, 45 (13.5%, 45/334) cases with lymph node metastasis were observed. Stratified analysis showed that lymph node metastasis and recurrence rate of patients with EC gradually increased with the increase of tumor size ( P<0.05). Adopting 2, 3, 4 and 5 cm as cut-off values of tumor size, there were significant differences in the rate of lymph node metastasis and recurrence among them observed ( P<0.05), except for lymph node metastasis rate and recurrence rate when the cut-off value was 2 cm ( P>0.05). (3) An receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that a tumor diameter of 4.25 cm was the cut-off prognostic value to predict lymph node metastasis and recurrence of EC. Conclusions:Tumor diameter is significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and recurrence in patients with EC. Tumor size should be considered in determining the scope of surgery and adjuvant therapy.
2.Influence of stereotactic body radiation therapy on the survival of patients with early stage pancreatic cancer
Yangyang GENG ; Nilong LIU ; Xiaofei ZHU ; Yin TANG ; Xianzhi ZHAO ; Huojun ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Pancreatology 2019;19(1):25-29
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) on the survival of patients with early stage pancreatic cancer.Methods The clinical data of 103 T1-2N0M0 pancreatic cancer patients treated by CyberKnife SBRT at the Department of Radiation Oncology of Changhai Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016 was retrospectively analyzed.Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards model was utilized to identify survival related factors.Results The median overall survival(OS) of T1-2N0M0 pancreatic cancer patients who had unresectable pancreatic cancer or refused surgery was 17.7 (16.1-19.3) months.1-year and 2-year OS rate were 86.3% and 24.6%,respectively.The median progression free survival(PFS) was 13.0(10.7-15.3) months.1-year and 2-year PFS rate were 54.5% and 6.3%,respectively.Patients with chemoradiation,BED10 ≥60 Gy and CA19-9 decrease > 50% after treatment had longer OS and PFS.Conclusions SBRT is a safe and effective treatment for patients with T1-2N0M0 pancreatic cancer.
3.The application of different Auto-shells and optimization steps of CyberKnife treatment plans for pancreatic cancer
Yangsen CAO ; Jian LI ; Chunshan YU ; Yongjian SUN ; Xiaoping JU ; Xiaofei ZHU ; Yangyang GENG ; Yin TANG ; Huojun ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Pancreatology 2018;18(1):35-38
Objective To propose the method of dose distribution calculated by one-step optimization with 7 shells (Cao method) and compare with that by three-step optimization with 4 shells (Blanck method) and CyberKnife treatment plans for pancreatic cancer. Methods 20 cases of pancreatic cancer who underwent CyberKnife treatment were retrospectively analyzed,and CT was performed to localize and delineate the target area and endangering organs. Dosage was optimized and evaluated with Blanck method and Cao method. The planning target volume (PTV) conformity index (CI), new conformity index (nCI), homogeneity index (HI),gradient index (GI), coverage, dose-volume and doses to organs at risk were compared. Results Compared with Blanck method, CI (1.11 ± 0.05 vs 1.15 ± 0.05), nCI (1.20 ± 0.06 vs 1.23 ± 0.06), coverage [(92.48 ± 1.85)% vs (93.53 ± 2.15)%], volumes encompassed by 100% and 30% prescription dose line (36.46 ± 16.64 vs 38.19 ± 17.68; 286.19 ± 126.52 vs 320.93 ± 154.82) and monitor unit (56 369 ± 20 019 vs 57 814 ± 20 531) were significantly decreased,while GI was increased (3.22 ± 0.19 vs 3.11 ± 0.19), and all the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Additionally, Dmax of the intestine (21.17 ± 2.90 vs 20.63 ± 3.13), D10cc of the stomach (12.78 ± 2.57 vs 13.11 ± 2.43), D5ccof the duodenum (11.01 ± 3.45 vs 11.50 ± 3.25), D10ccof the duodenum (9.30 ± 3.31 vs 9.78 ± 3.07) and D0.35ccof the spinal cord (6.09 ± 0.98 vs 6.59 ± 0.92) were all significantly decreased (P<0.05). No significant differences were found on other parameters. Conclusions Better dose distributions are accessible by one-step optimization with 7 shells in CyberKnife treatment plans for pancreatic cancer.
4.Analysis on the therapeutic effects of re-irradiation with stereotactic body radiation therapy for the advanced recurrent locally pancreatic cancer
Yuxin SHEN ; Xiaofei ZHU ; Xiaoping JU ; Yangsen CAO ; Shuiwang QING ; Fei CAO ; Yangyang GENG ; Xianzhi ZHAO ; Fang FANG ; Zhen JIA ; Lei GU ; Huojun ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Pancreatology 2018;18(3):153-158
Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of re-irradiation with stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT) for treating locally recurrent advanced pancreatic cancer.Methods From 2014 to 2017,7 patients with stage Ⅲ pancreatic cancer were treated by re-irradiated with SBRT at Shanghai Changhai Hospital.SBRT was delivered via the G4 type cyberknife robotic stereotactic radiosurgery system in all the patients.The median dose of the first SBRT was 35Gy/5-7 fx,and the median dose of re-irradiation with SBRT was 31 Gy/5-8 fx.6 patients had undergone sequential chemotherapy either with gemcitabine or S-1 based therapy except one patient who refused the chemotherapy.Results There were 5 male and 2 female patients.The median overall survival (OS) of 7 patients was 30 months.Patients were re-irradiated with SBRT after a median interval of 10 months after the first SBRT.Median OS and locally relapse-free survival (LFRS) from re-irradiation were 13 months and 11 months,respectively.Three months after re-irradiation,3(42.9%) patients had partial remission and 4 patients had stable disease.Pain disappeared in 4 patients at the end of reirradiation and significant pain was alleviated in 2 patients 1 month after re-irradiation.There were no toxicities of grade 3 or higher grade during two courses of SBRT.Conclusions For patient with locally recurrent advanced pancreatic cancer,SBRT re irradiation regimen was associated with acceptable toxicity,which can effectively alleviate the pain,prolong the survival and improve the life quality.
5.Influence of combined treatment sequence of stereotactic body radiation therapy and chemotherapy on the survival of very elderly patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer
Xianzhi ZHAO ; Haidi LU ; Xiaofei ZHU ; Yangyang GENG ; Yu ZHANG ; Haiyan YU ; Yin TANG ; Xiaoping JU ; Huojun ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Pancreatology 2018;18(6):369-374
Objective To investigated the influence of different combined treatment sequence of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and chemotherapy (CT) on the survival of very elderly patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer ( LAPC) .Methods The data of LAPC patients ≥60 years old treated by CyberKnife SBRT at Shanghai Changhai Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016 was retrospectively analyzed.According to treatment sequences , patients were divided into three groups:CT+SBRT group ( first chemotherapy and then SBRT ) , SBRT+CT group ( first SBRT and then chemotherapy ) and CT+SBRT+CT group ( first chemotherapy , then SBRT and finally chemotherapy ) .Patients were recommended to receive a 6-month chemotherapy .Intravenous administration of 1000 mg/m2 gemcitabine was initiated on day 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks or S-1 was orally given at a dose of 80 mg/m2 for 28 days followed by a 14-day rest , which repeated for 6 cycles.Radiotherapy parameters: the median total prescription dose was 36(30-45)Gy; the median per fraction dose was 7(5-9)Gy;the median number of fractions was 5(5-8) fractions;the median biological equivalent dose (BED10) were 61.92(48-85.5) Gy, respectively.The interval between SBRT and chemotherapy ranged from 2 to 3 weeks.Patients were followed every 3 months.The main outcome measures were overall survival ( OS) and median progression free survival ( PFS) .Second outcome measure was adverse events.Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0 (CTCAE 4.0) was employed to evaluate adverse events , and RTOG/EORTC was used to assess the adverse events of radiotherapy .Overall survival (OS) and PFS were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression model were used to analyze the independent risk factors .Results A total of 260 patients were enrolled in the study , including 28 patients treated with CT+SBRT, 163 patients undergoing SBRT +CT and 69 patients treated with CT+SBRT+CT.The median OS and PFS were 13.2(95%CI 12.8-13.6)months and 8.2(95%CI 7.7-8.7)months, respectively.OS in CT +SBRT, SBRT +CT and CT +SBRT +CT group was 12.2 (10.9-13.9),13.4 ( 12.9-13.9 ) and 13.1 ( 12.7-13.5 ) months, and the differences were not statistically significant(P=0.425).PFS in CT+SBRT, SBRT+CT and CT+SBRT+CT group was 6.4(5.9-6.9), 8.3(7.8-8.8) and 8.2(7.2-9.2)months, and the differences were statistically significant (P=0.008).In univariate analysis , ECOG, SIRI, the extent of decreased CA 19-9 after treatment and BED 10 were important factors of OS.In multivariate analysis, the CA19-9 response and BED10 were independent factors for OS . Multivariate analysis showed that the extent of decreased CA 19-9 after treatment and BED 10 were important factors of OS.In CT+SBRT group, patients had lower ECOG score (χ2 =115.325,P<0.001) and earlier clinical staging (χ2 =24.788, P<0.001 ).In SBRT +CT group, patients had advanced staging (χ2 =159.759,P<0.001) and lymph node metastasis(χ2 =40.925,P<0.001).Only 1 patient experienced grade 3 radiotherapy associated duodenitis .The adverse events of patients who were first treated by chemotherapy included grade 3 neutropenia in 4 patients and grade 3 gastrointestinal reaction in 5 patients.The adverse events of patients who were first treated by radiotherapy included grade 3 neutropenia or/and leucopenia in 18 patients and grade 3 abdominal pain, nausea or vomit in 16 patients.The adverse events of CT +SBRT+CT patients included grade 3 neutropenia or/and leucopenia in 4 patients and grade 3 abdominal pain or nausea in 5 patients.There was no grade ≥4 adverse events.Conclusions For very elderly patients with LAPC , the survival of patients who received pre-SBRT chemotherapy , post-SBRT chemotherapy and pre-and post-SBRT chemotherapy was comparable , but SBRT+CT group and CT +SBRT+CT group had longer PFS than CT +SBRT group.
6.Effect of stereotactic body radiation therapy on the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer recurrence after surgery
Haiyan YU ; Xiaofei ZHU ; Yin TANG ; Xianzhi ZHAO ; Lingong JIANG ; Yangyang GENG ; Chunyan QIU ; Di CHEN ; Xiaoping JU ; Huojun ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Pancreatology 2019;19(1):30-33
Objective To identify the effect of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) on the survival of patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer after surgery.Methods The data of 104 patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer after surgery who underwent SBRT in the Department of Radiation Oncology of Changhai Hospital,Navy Medical University from February 2012 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The prescription doses ranged from 35-40 Gy/4-8 f.Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method,and relevant factors affecting patients' survival were screened by the Cox proportional hazards model.Results The median overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) was 12.5 (11.0-14.0) months and 7.3 (6.0-8.7) months,respectively,while the 1-year rate of OS and PFS was 55.8% and 22.1%,respectively.Multivariate analysis indicated that tumor stage,biological effect dose (α/β =10,BED10),the decrease of CA19-9 level after treatment,and follow-up chemotherapy were all related factors affecting overall survival;tumor stage,BED10,the degree of pain relief and the decrease of CA19-9 level after treatment were related factors affecting PFS.Conclusions Patients suffering recurrent pancreatic cancer with early tumor stage,normal CA19-9 level and mild pain before treatment could be better treated by SBRT,BED10 ≥60 Gy and follow-up chemotherapy after radiotherapy can prolong the survival of patients.
7.Efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiation therapy for very elderly patients with pancreatic cancer
Yin TANG ; Xiaofei ZHU ; Xianzhi ZHAO ; Yangyang GENG ; Lingong JIANG ; Haiyan YU ; Hongyu MENG ; Yu ZHANG ; Huojun ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Pancreatology 2018;18(2):95-99
Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for very elderly patients with pancreatic cancer.Methods The clinical data of a total of 149 patients aged from 75 to 90 years with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer treated by SBRT in Changhai Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.Prescription doses ranged from 3.6-9Gy/fractions,and the total doses were 19.5-49Gy in 3-8 fractions.The level of serum cancer antigen 19-9(CA19-9) before and 3 months after treatment was compared and the radiotherapy biological effective dose (BED10) was calculated.The adverse events of the radiotherapy were observed.Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were recorded through follow-up,and the factors influencing the patients' survival were investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results All the patients' median OS and PFS were 12.9and 8.3 months,respectively.One-year OS and PFS rate were 55.9% and 19.5%,respectively.Tumor stage and the decrease of CA19-9 levels >50% at 3 months after treatment and BED10 were independent factors of OS and PFS.No grade 3 or higher toxicities were recorded in all the patients.Conclusions SBRT is safe and effective for very elderly patients with locally advanced or medically inoperable pancreatic cancer.Tumor stage,the decrease of CA19-9 levels after treatment and BED10 were associated with prognosis.
8.Study on Preparation and in vitro Release Characteristic of Ursolic Acid/PF 127/TPGS-doxorubicin Mixed Nanomicelles
Yangyang CHEN ; Xue GENG ; Zihui QU ; Xueying LI ; Qi WANG ; Yuanzi HUO ; Ruoyi HAO ; Xueying YAN
China Pharmacy 2019;30(20):2789-2795
OBJECTIVE: To prepare Ursolic acid (UA)/Pluronic F127 (PF127)/TPGS-doxorubicin (DOX) mixed nanomicelles, and to characterize it and study its in vitro release behavior. METHODS: UA/PF127/TPGS nanomicelles were prepared by thin film hydration method. Using encapsulation efficiency of UA as index, combined with the results of single factor tests, L9(34) orthogonal test was used to optimize drug dosage of UA, molar ratio of PF127 to TPGS, hydration temperature and hydration volume, validation test was performed. On the basis of succinylated TPGS, TPGS-DOX was synthesized and mixed with UA/PF127/TPGS to prepare UA/PF127/TPGS-DOX mixed nanomicelles, the appearance, particle size and critical micelle concentration (PF127/TPGS) were investigated. The drug release behavior was examined by dialysis bag diffusion method. RESULTS: The optimal preparation technology of UA/PF127/TPGS nanomicelles was as follows as drug dosage of UA 8 mg, molar ratio of PF127 to TPGS 3 ∶ 7, hydration temperature 50 ℃, hydration volume 4 mL. Average encapsulation efficiency of UA in nanomicelles was 89.00% (RSD=0.43%, n=3). The prepared UA/PF127/TPGS-DOX mixed nanomicelles solution was clear with opalescence. The nanomicelles were spherical and uniform in size; average particle size was (115.00±9.42) nm; critical micelle concentration of PF127/TPGS (molecular ratio 3 ∶ 7) was 0.001 3%. The in vitro drug release of UA and DOX in the mixed nanomicelles was significantly slowed down, compared with raw materials or substance control. The drug release process of the two drugs in the nanomicelles conformed to Weibull equation. CONCLUSIONS: UA/PF127/TPGS-DOX mixed nanomicelles are successfully prepared with uniform particle size, good stability and good sustained-release effect.
9. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of cardial mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma
Yangyang SUN ; Liulan QIAN ; Wenxian GU ; Gengfang WANG ; Wei GAO ; Xiang GENG ; Xudong ZHANG ; Xiaoli ZHOU
Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery 2019;18(12):1163-1170
Objective:
To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of cardial mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) and analyze its prognostic factors.
Methods:
The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 34 patients with primary cardial MANEC who were admitted to the Changzhou No.2 People′s Hospital of Nangjing Medical University from January 2008 to January 2018 were collected. There were 20 males and 14 females, aged from 39 to 81 years, with an average age of 66 years. All the 34 patients underwent resection of cardia cancer and postoperative pathological examination. Observation indicators: (1) surgery and treatment; (2) clinical manifestations and pathological conditions; (3) pathological examination of surgical resection specimens; (4) follow-up and survival; (5) analysis of prognostic factors. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was conducted to detect the survival of patients and tumor recurrence and metastasis up to December 2018. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as