objective: To study the development of available space of lower posterior arch. Methods: The sample consisted of 188 randomly selected subjects aged from 11 to 18 years, 76 males and 112 females. The distance from the distal surface of mandibular first molar to the anterior border of the ramus was measured on orthopantomography. All the data were analyzed statistically. Results: 1) The distance(mm) in female and in male was 14.45?3.54 and 13.29?4.17 respectively( P

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effect of manipulative reduction and lateral percutaneous K-wire fixation on supracondylar humerus fractures.

METHODSFrom Feb. 2004 to Jun. 2010,128 cases of supracondylar humeros fractures in children (96 boys and 32 girls) were treated by manipulative reduction and lateral percutaneous K-wire fixation. The average age of the children was 8 years old ranging from 2 to 15 years. Among them, 112 cases were extension fractures, 16 were flexion type; 102 cases belonged to ulnar deviation, and 26 cases belonged to radial deviation. After treatment, the elbow flexion range and carrying angle of the children were measured under the Flynn evaluation standard while considering the postoperative complications status to analyze the clinical effect on manipulative reduction and lateral percutaneous K-wire fixation.

RESULTSAll these children were followed up from 2 to 36 months (16 months on average). According to Flynn evaluation standard,the result were excellent in 116 children (90.6% of the total patients), good in 11 (8.6%), fair in 1 (0.8%). No infection, no ischemic muscular atrophy and no nerve damage had been found during the treatment.

CONCLUSIONThe manipulative reduction and lateral percutaneous K-wire fixation of supracondylar humerus fractures in children has small wound, is stable and reliable, easy to be operated, safe and effective and low cost. What's more, it can also avoid the complication caused by conservative treatment and operation. It is a good treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures in children.

Adolescent ; Bone Wires ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; therapy ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to analyse the stress distribution in the periodontium of the maxillary first molar and to search optimal loads pattern when distal movement to provide biomechanical basis for the clinical practice.

METHODSBy spiral CT scanning, a three-dimensional finite element model of the maxillary first molar was established, and then four different load patterns were added to the molar to obtain the optimal load partern for molar bodily distal movement.

RESULTSDifferent loads lead to different stress distributions when distal movement.

CONCLUSIONA distalizing force combined with a countertipping moment (Mt/F = 10) and a counterrotation moment(Mr/F = 6) can lead to a lower and uniform stress on the distal side of the periodontal ligament, it implys a tendency of translation of the maxillary first molar.

Biomechanical Phenomena ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Periodontium ; Tooth Movement Techniques

Purpose To investigate the diagnostic value of ~(18)F-flurorodeoxyglucose (~(18)F-FDG) PET/CT (positron emission tomography/computed tomography) on multiple myeloma.Materials and Method ~(18)FDG PET/CT imaging findings were retrospectively analyzed in 31cases with multiple myeloma proved by bone marrow aspiration or biopsy from August 2005 to June 2009. Results The PET/CT imaging characteristics were categorized into three types: ① osseous destruction (n=28): Osseous destruction with active metabolism was found in this type combined with no extramedullary organs involvement. The SUV_(max) ranged from 2.5 to 15.4, and the SUV_(arg) ranged from 2.0 to 11.3. ② Extramedullary organ involvement (n=2): Besides osseous destruction, extramedullary organs involvement were detected in this type demonstrating active metabolism in varying degrees. The SUV_(max) ranged from 2.2 to 8.3 and the SUV_(avg) ranged from 1.7 to 6.5. ③ Diffuse bone marrow infiltration (n=1): Diffuse hypermetabolism without osseous destruction was found in the whole body bone marrow with the SUV_(max) of 13.4 and SUV_(avg) of 8.8.Conclusions ~(18)FDG PET/CT can accurately demonstrate the morphology, extent and activity of multiple myeloma, thus facilitating the clinical staging, whereas multiple osteolytic osseous metastases and osseous lymphoma should be excluded for certain cases.

Objective:To investigate the effect of pulsed electric field (PEF) combined with low temperature plasma (LTP) on mouse liver cancer cell.Methods:H22 mouse liver cancer cells were divided into liver cancer group, PEF treatment group, LTP treatment group, combined group A (first PEF treatment immediately after LTP treatment), combined group B (first LTP treatment immediately after PEF treatment), combined group C (same as combined group A, but 20 minutes interval) and combined group D (same as combined group B, but 20 minutes interval). Cell viability was detected by cell counting, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, intracellular reative oxygen species (ROS) was marked by fluorescence and counted. Twenty healthy female Kunming mouse aged 4-6 weeks without specific pathogens were subcutaneous injected with liver cancer cells, and then were randomly divided into model group, PBS control group, PEF experimental group, LTP experimental group and combined group (LTP+ PEF, no interval) ( n=4). Tumor relative volume and tumor inhibition rate were measured. Results:The survival rates were liver cancer cell group (98.3±0.9)%, PEF treatment group (66.8±4.4)%, LTP treatment group (62.1±3.9)%, combined group A (43.7±3.7)%, combined group B (31.0±1.4)%, combined group C (46.8±2.9)%, combined group D (39.0±2.3)%. Compared with liver cancer cell group, the cell survival rate of all treatment groups was decreased, and the cell survival rate of the four combined treatment group was lower than that of PEF treatment group and LTP treatment group, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The survival rate of combined B group was the lowest. The results of apoptosis detection were consistent with those of cell survival rate. Under fluorescence microscope, the ROS fluorescence of cells in the combined group B was significantly increased, and the ROS fluorescence of cells in the LTP treatment group was more than that in the PEF treatment group, and the percentage of ROS positive cells in the combined group B was higher than that in the LTP treatment group and the PEF treatment group, with statistical significance (all P<0.05). Tumor relative volume and tumor inhibition rate in the combined group were better than those in the PEF and LTP groups, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion:LTP combined with PEF has a better killing effect on H22 cells than PEF or LTP treatment, which is expected to be a new tumor therapy.

Objective:To translate Career Success in Nursing Scale (CSNS) into Chinese and evaluate the reliability and validity of it.Methods:According to the translation principle of Brislin questionnaire, the English version of CSNS was translated, back-translated and culturally adjusted to determine the simplified Chinese version of CSNS items and form the Chinese version of CSNS. A total of 1 489 nurses from China-Japan Friendship Hospital were selected as the research objects from May to June 2021. The general information questionnaire and simplified Chinese version of CSNS were used to investigate them. Internal consistency and split-half reliability coefficient were used to evaluate the reliability of the scale. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between each dimension and the relationship between each dimension and the total scale. A total of 1 489 questionnaires were collected and 1 434 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective recovery rate of 96.3%.Results:The Chinese version of CSNS included 4 dimensions, such as "desired career development" "providing quality care" "effective self-regulation" and "fit between human and organization" , with a total of 39 items. The expert content validity was 0.984. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the four common factors was 74.71%. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale was 0.985 and the Cronbach's α coefficient of each dimension was 0.955-0.979. The split-half reliability of the total scale was 0.986 and the split-half reliability of each dimension was 0.957-0.979. The test-retest reliability of the scale was 0.966.Conclusions:The Chinese version of CSNS scale has good reliability and validity, which can be used to evaluate the psychological characteristics of nurses' career success.

Objective:To implement scoping review of the quality evaluation tool for mobile medical applications (mHealth APP) based on the perspective of health promotion, so as to provide reference for the development or introduction of tools suitable for China and provide inspiration for conducting high quality mHealth APP electronic health intervention research.Methods:Following the method of scoping review, mHealth APP quality evaluation tool development and validation articles published from January 2008 to February 2022 were systematically searched in Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL, PsyINFO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, WanFang Data and China Biomedical Literature Database. This study extracted the basic information of the tool and used topic analysis to summarize and integrate the content of the tool items.Results:A total of 27 studies were included, involving 14 mHealth APP quality evaluation tools. The theme analysis process of evaluating the content of items generated a total of 300 primary codes, which were classified into four themes, including software attributes, medical science, behavioral science, and user experience.Conclusions:As a cross disciplinary product, the mHealth app faces multiple challenges in terms of quality. At present, the focus of existing quality evaluation tools varies, among which scientific evaluation originates from the special positioning of mHealth APP and needs to be taken seriously. Different evaluation perspectives may be potential factors that affect the quality evaluation results, and as a key link, users' needs need to be further focused and explored.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG)in treating patients with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome(PC OS).Methods In this ret-rospective analysis,clinical materials of 60 patients with obesity and PCOS by LSG were analyzed,and postoperative improvements of PCOS symptoms were observed.Results A total of 60 patients had a pre-operative mean body mass index(BMI)of(39.4±5.4)kg/m2 and an average age of(26.3±6.1)years old,and all of them successfully completed LSG.After follow-up of 12 to 18 months,50 cases(83.3％)had normalized menstrual cycles,with an average recovery time of(4.5±2.2)months af-ter surgery,and 7 cases had natural pregnancy after surgery.Before surgery,ultrasound results in 35 patients indicated polycystic ovarian morphology(PCOM),and 29 cases(82.9％)regained normal o-varian status with an average recovery duration of(6.3±2.8)months.Complicated hyperandrogene-mia was observed in 31 patients,and 29 cases(93.5％)exhibited normalization of testosterone levels within 18 months after surgery.At 18 months after surgery,the BMI was(26.47±4.70)kg/m2,the average weight loss was(32.4±7.4)％.Conclusion LSG is a safe and effective treatment for obese PCOS.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG)in treating patients with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome(PC OS).Methods In this ret-rospective analysis,clinical materials of 60 patients with obesity and PCOS by LSG were analyzed,and postoperative improvements of PCOS symptoms were observed.Results A total of 60 patients had a pre-operative mean body mass index(BMI)of(39.4±5.4)kg/m2 and an average age of(26.3±6.1)years old,and all of them successfully completed LSG.After follow-up of 12 to 18 months,50 cases(83.3％)had normalized menstrual cycles,with an average recovery time of(4.5±2.2)months af-ter surgery,and 7 cases had natural pregnancy after surgery.Before surgery,ultrasound results in 35 patients indicated polycystic ovarian morphology(PCOM),and 29 cases(82.9％)regained normal o-varian status with an average recovery duration of(6.3±2.8)months.Complicated hyperandrogene-mia was observed in 31 patients,and 29 cases(93.5％)exhibited normalization of testosterone levels within 18 months after surgery.At 18 months after surgery,the BMI was(26.47±4.70)kg/m2,the average weight loss was(32.4±7.4)％.Conclusion LSG is a safe and effective treatment for obese PCOS.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of axillary single-site laparoscopic mastectomy in the treatment of gynecomastia.Methods From August to October of 2023,axillary single-site laparoscopic bilateral mastectomy was conducted in 31 patients with gynaecomastia.A 2-2.5 cm incision in the axilla was made,followed by lipolysis and liposuction in the anterior and posterior glandular spaces.After scalpel dissection of the subcutaneous Cooper's ligament,laparoscopic mastectomy was completed,with placement of a drainage tube in the area of the operation.Results The axillary single-site laparoscopic bilateral mastectomy was successfully completed in all the 31 cases.The median operating time was 70(60,90)min,the intraoperative hemorrhage was(12.6±2.3)ml,the time to remove bilateral drainages was(1.5±0.2)d,and the duration of hospitalization was(3.0±0.5)d.The weight of resected mammary gland was(66.1±25.9)g on the right side and 67.7(42.0,87.0)g on the left side.The differences in postoperative chest circumference,nipple to nipple distance,bilateral sternal notch to nipple distance,nipple to midline distance,and nipple height were statistically significant when compared with the preoperative period(P<0.05).Postoperative reduction in chest circumference was(6.52±3.12)cm,the distance between nipples reduced by(2.46±1.53)cm,the right nipple height shifted upwards by 0.82(0.17,1.47)cm,and the left nipple height shifted upwards by 0.87(0.00,1.40)cm.The bilateral nipple position was symmetry postoperatively.There was no statistically significant difference in the bilateral nipple to midline distance and height difference values(P>0.05).Numbness and discomfort in the area of the right nipple and areola occurred after surgery in 1 case,and the symptoms were largely resolved 2 months after surgery.Subcutaneous hemorrhage on the left chest wall occurred postoperatively in 1 case and was resolved by placing a tube through a small incision in the areola to irrigate and drain.No postoperative complications such as hemorrhages,effusions,infections,or nipple-areola necrosis occurred in the remaining 29 cases.Patients'subjective self-assessment of cosmetic results 2 months after surgery was very satisfactory(all were 15 points).Conclusion Axillary single-site laparoscopic mastectomy is a safe and effective treatment for gynecomastia,which is of high value for promotion.