Objective:To compare the differentiated endothelial cells from the embryonic stem cells in vitro with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Methods:Induction of the stem cells HUES9 to endothelial cells follows 2 steps.Stem cells were treated with CHIR99021 (10 μmol/L) and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (25 ng/mL) for 3 days to keep mesoderm state,then subsequent exposure them to VEGF165 (200 ng/mL) and Forskolin (2 μmol/L) to differentiate into endothelial cells.The morphology of differentiated endothelial cells were compared with HUVECs.The surface marker CD144 on differentiated cells and HUVECs were detected.The capabilities of two types of endothelial ceils in migration and angiogenesis were examined.Results:The differentiated endothelial cells show the same morphology with HUVECs.After 6 days of differentiation,the efficiency reached 73.4％.The positive percentage of CD144 for the differentiated endothelial cells and HUVECs was 86.6％ and 94.4％,respectively.Both of them show capabilities of migration and angiogenesis,especially when they were treated with SB431542 to inhibit TGF-β signal pathway.Conclusion:The method for induction of stem cells to endothelial cells is productivity and it can be used for further study.

OBJECTIVE:To comprehend the causes for adverse drug reactions (ADR)associated with the traditional Chinese medicine injections in order to improve therapeutic safety.METHODS:Through tracking visits and retrospective study of patient cases,100 control cases and 93 ADR cases are analyzed in terms of medicine,patient,prescribing and nursing,both by single-factor and multi-factor approach.RESULTS:The main causes of ADR associated with traditional Chinese medicine injections are:overdosing,combined administration of drugs,longer-than-required time gap between dispensing and transfusion,failure to do pre-dosing liver or kidney function checkup,irrelevance of indication,lack of detailed instruction about way of administration and dosing,and lack of remarks on pharmacological action.CONCLUSION:It’s vitally important to improve prescribing and nursing behaviors for the sake of enhanced safety of clinical use of drugs.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and the prevention of traditional Chinese medicine-induced death. METHODS: The traditional Chinese medicine-induced death cases from 1994 to 2006 collected by retrieving full-text data base of CHKD were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Of the total traditional Chinese medicine-induced death cases, drugs were chiefly administered by intravenous drip and oral administration, and allergic shock was the chief death causes. CONCLUSION: Clinicians and pharmacists should attach great importance on the ADRs induced by traditional Chinese medicines to ensure safe and effective drug use.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the safety of antibiotic injections in outpatient department. METHODS:In a prospective randomized control study,outpatients treated with antibiotic injections in 2007 were chosen to be the subjects. The subjects were randomized into control group and intervention group. Education,administration intervention and inspection were adopted in clinical intervention considering the factor of drug combination. The rationality of drug combination and the incidence of ADR before and after intervention were observed. RESULTS:As compared with control group,the rationality of drug combination in intervention group was improved obviously(P

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the chief factors influencing the adverse drug reactions (ADR) in outpatient use of antibiotics so as to formulate corresponding policies for intervention. METHODS: The patients who had been treated i.v with antibiotics from Mar. 2006 to Mar. 2007 were enrolled: 105 in trial group showed ADR, another 105 in control group showed no ADR. The ADR influencing factors were compared between the two groups from aspects of patients, nursing, and medication to find out the significant differences. RESULTS: The chief factors influencing the adverse drug reactions (ADR) in outpatient use of antibiotics included the indications of drugs, dosage, dosing interval, drug combination, and availability of medication guidance. CONCLUSION: The outpatient intravenous use of antibiotics is far from rational, which needes further intervention.

Objective To observe the effect of electric acupuncture on the infarct volume and amount of cerebral cortex and spinal neuron at different times of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)in stroke prone renovascular hypertensive rats(RHRSP)with middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO),and investigate the possible mechanisms of electric acupuncture on remote damage in ischemic stroke. Methods 480 male SPF Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were duplicated to form the RHRSP models by clamping both kidneys. 370 successful ones were selected by taking the tail artery blood pressure,and divided into hypertension group and sham operation group(each n=60)by random number table method. The MCAO models were created by stringing middle cerebral artery in the remaining RHRSP. The nerve function defect score(NDS)was graded by Longa 5 point method after the rats waked up from anesthesia,then the ones scored 1-3 were enrolled. Totally,there were 190 rats with MCAO successfully created from which 10 were randomly selected to determine the infarct size by 2,3,5-triphenyl four azole nitrogen chloride(TTC)staining. The remaining 180 MCAO rats were randomly divided into model group,electric acupuncture group and fake acupuncture group(each n=60). The sham operated group only received surgical trauma;the electrical acupunctures atBaihuiandDazhuiacupoints on Du channel were performed on the day of model establishment in electric acupuncture group,once a day for 28 days;in fake acupuncture group,sticked the acupuncture needles at the skin ofBaihuiandDazhuipoints,then gived the same electrical acupuncture treatment. On 1,7,14 and 28 days after treatment,the rats of each group were respectively sacrificed,and the brains were collected,then the infarct volume and spinal neuron number were calculated by Nissl staining. Results ①Cerebral infarction volume:No infarcts were found in hypertension group and sham operated group. On 1 day and 7 days after MCAO,the infarct volumes were increased gradually in model group,electric acupuncture group and fake acupuncture group〔infarct volumes on 1 day were(12.36±0.11)%, (12.19±0.15)%,(12.24±0.16)%,and on 7 days were(20.01±0.24)%,(19.54±0.61)%and(19.77±0.25)%, respectively〕,and on 14 days and 28 days after MCAO,the infarct volumes were decreased gradually〔infarct volumes on 14 days were(17.18±0.23)%,(16.96±0.11)%,(17.08±0.62)%,and on 28 days were(14.38±0.21)%, (13.95±0.46)% and(14.29±0.37)%,respectively〕,but the differences among three groups had no statistical significance(all P>0.05). ② Cortex area:On 1 day after MCAO,the differences in the cortical neuron numbers among all groups were not statistically significant(all P>0.05). On 7,14,28 days after MCAO,the cortical neuron number of sham operated group was more than that of hypertension group,but the difference had no statistical significance(all P>0.05). Compared with sham operated group,the cortical neuron number in model group began to increase significantly after 7 days;compared with model group,the cortical neuron number in electric acupuncture group was increased obviously(cell/HP,7 days:75.48±2.41 vs. 68.78±1.42,14 days:61.32±2.60 vs. 48.78±1.41,28 days:53.65±1.46 vs. 28.78±1.21,all P<0.05),while the cortex neuron number of fake acupuncture group was markedly reduced(7 days:67.75±1.43,14 days:47.50±1.25,28 days:27.50±1.25), but the differences had no statistical significance(all P>0.05).③Spinal cord area:On 1,7,14 days after MCAO, the differences of the spinal cord neuron numbers among all groups were not statistically significant(all P>0.05). On 28 days,compared with hypertension group,the cord neuron number of sham operated group was increased,but the difference had no statistical significance(P>0.05). Compared with model group,the cord neuron number in electric acupuncture and fake acupuncture groups was inecreased(cell/HP:21.32±1.60,16.17±1.05 vs. 15.02±1.18),the difference being statistical significant in electric acupuncture group(P<0.05)but no statistical significance in fake acupuncture group(P>0.05). Conclusions Generally,the secondary spinal(cervical part)neuron death occurs after cerebral infarction in rats. The therapeutic action of electric acupuncture may reduce the secondary spinal neuron damage at remote site after cerebral infarction,that is possibly the mechanism of electric acupuncture for the protection of brain in hypertensive rats from I/R injury.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the circulating levels of miR-214 in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients and to explore the relationship between the circulating levels of miR-214 and the degree of coronary lesion. METHODS: A total of 45 patients with AMI (AMI group) were enrolled from Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between September, 2011 and January, 2012. Twenty healthy volunteers served as a normal control group (n=20). According to the coronary artery lesion area, AMI group was also divided into a single-branch group, a double-branch group and a triple-branch group (n=20, 13, 12 respectively). Circulating levels of miR-214 and plasma levels of placental growth factor (PLGF) were measured by real time-PCR assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay respectively on the day when the patients admitted to the hospital. The plasma levels of miR-214 and PLGF were compared among the various branch groups. The correlation between miR-214 and PLGF was analyzed in AMI subgroups. RESULTS: The miR-214 levels in the AMI subgroups were lower than that in the control group. The more decrease in miR-214 level, the larger size of coronary lesion. There was significant difference in the different groups (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of plasma PLGF were significantly higher in the AMI subgroups. The more increase in PLGF level, the larger size of coronary lesion. There was significant difference in the different groups (all P<0.05). The plasma levels of miR- 214 were negatively correlated with that of PLGF in the AMI group (r=-0.588, P<0.01). CONCLUSION The circulating level of miR-214 was significantly decreased in the AMI group, which might be correlated with the extent of the coronary lesion. Circulating miR-214 may be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of severe AMI.
Biomarkers ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; blood ; Myocardial Infarction ; pathology ; Placenta Growth Factor ; Pregnancy Proteins ; blood ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADRs),the ratio of irrational drug use and the average daily drug costs after the initiation of clinical pharmacists' intervention on the combined use of antibiotic injections in the outpatient department.METHODS:By a controlled prospective study,500 patients in the intravenous center in outpatient department whose records were in line with inclusion criteria were included before intervention as controls,and after the initiation of clinical pharmacists' intervention on the combined use of antibiotic injection in the outpatient department,500 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled as trial group.A database was established and the results were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The irrational drug use was noted in 52 cases in the control group versus 21 cases in the trial group and the ADRs or adverse drug events were noted in 18 cases for the control group versus 9 cases for the trial group.The daily mean drug cost reduced by 29.84 yuan after intervention.CONCLUSION:The intervention measures contributed to the reduction in incidences of irrational drug use and ADRs and drug costs.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the change of serum MCP-1 level and CCR2 expression in isolated monocytes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and its possible relationship with ACS pathogenesis. METHODS: Thirty ACS patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum MCP-1 levels were determined by ELISA in all subjects. The protein expression of CCR2 in isolated monocytes was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Serum MCP-1 concentrations in ACS patients were higher than those in healthy controls (P<0.05) and the ratio of CCR2 protein expression in monocytes in ACS patients was higher than that in healthy controls (P<0.01). CONCLUSION The serum MCP-1 concentrations and protein expression of CCR2 in ACS patients are significantly higher than those in healthy controls, which might be associated with the pathogenesis of ACS.
Acute Coronary Syndrome ; blood ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemokine CCL2 ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes ; metabolism ; Receptors, CCR2 ; blood

OBJECTIVE; To improve the PIVAS quality management, reduce dispensing error and promote the safety of drug use.METHODS: The quality control circle (QCC) was used for quality management in PIVAS of our hospital. The reasons for dispensing errors were analyzed to determine the key improvement points using "the reduction of dispensing error of admixture drugs" as theme. Improvement plan was formulated, and effective countermeasures were determined by PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Action) cycle management. The tangible results (the rate of dispensing errors) and intangible results were compared before (Feb. 2016) and after QCC (Aug. 2016). RESULTS: Some effective measures were formulated and implemented, including unified arrangement, introducing PIVAS MATE process management software, personnel post training, refining drug withdrawal management, visual management, etc. The tangible results included the rate of dispensing error decreased from 1. 81‰ to 0. 53‰; the rate of goal achievement reached 108. 47％; the rate of target progress was 70. 72％. The intangible results included optimizing drug dispensing process, standardizing drug withdrawal systent and personal training system. Those achievement improved confidence, responsibility, sense of cooperation and cohesiveness of QCC members. Additional result was obtained, i. e. utility model patent for avoiding light storage box. CONCLUSIONS: QCC can effectively improve the management quality of PIVAS workflow and the safety of intravenous medication.