Objective:To evaluate the effect and safety of rifabutin combined with multi-drugs in the treatment of multi-drug resist-ant tuberculosis with long-term therapy. Methods:Totally 86 cases of patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis were divided into the control group and the treatment group with 43 ones in each according to a random number table method. The two groups were trea-ted with levofloxacin, pasiniazid, ethambutol, protionamide and amikacin etc. The control group was treated with rifapentine, and the treatment group was treated with rifabutin additionally. After 18-month treatment, the negative conversion ratio of sputum smear and sputum mycobacterium tuberculosis culture, lesion absorption rate and cavity closure rate of X-ray chest radiograph and adverse reac-tions in the two groups were compared. Results:The negative conversion ratio of sputum smear and sputum mycobacterium tuberculosis culture in the treatment group was 41. 86% and 32. 56%, respectively, which were similar with those in the control group ( P >0. 05). There were no significant differences in lesion absorption rate and cavity closure rate of X-ray chest radiograph and adverse re-actions between the two groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion:Rifapentine or rifabutin combined with multi-drugs in the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis can improve the negative conversion rate of sputum mycobacterium and lesion absorption and cavity closure with high safety.

Objective: To observe the effects of linezolid on the levels of inflammatory factors and T lymphocytes in patients with severe tuberculosis. Methods: Sixty patients with severe tuberculosis treated in Jinhua Guangfu Hospital from April 2016 to November 2017 were selected and divided into control group(n=30) and observation group(n=30) according to different treatment options.The control group was treated with personalized anti-tuberculosis regimen.The observation group was treated with linezolid on the basis of the control group, and both two groups were treated for 9 months.The changes of interleukin-1(IL-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α), IL-6, IL-10 and CD₃⁺, CD₄⁺, CD₈⁺ and CD₄⁺/CD₈⁺ were observed before and after treatment.The incidence of liver injury, thrombocytopenia, myelosuppression, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea were observed. Results: Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, CD₃⁺, CD₄⁺, CD₈⁺, CD₄⁺/CD₈⁺ between the two groups(all P>0.05). At 9 months after treatment, the levels of IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 in the control group were (10.94±1.31)ng/L, (3.03±0.49)ng/L, (183.43±13.24)ng/L, (134.93±34.51)ng/L, respectively, which in the observation group were (6.89±1.29)ng/L, (2.49±0.45)ng/L, (129.48±10.74)ng/L, (189.35±43.27)ng/L, respectively, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t=12.195, 11.214, 8.414, 11.291, all P<0.05). The CD₃⁺, CD₄⁺, CD₈⁺, CD₄⁺/CD₈⁺ in the control group were (47.61±7.16)%, (15.49±6.64)%, (20.58±5.61)%, (0.79±0.19) , respectively, which in the observation group were (65.46±8.31)%, (30.23±7.85)%, (34.59±7.41)%, (0.87±0.24) , respectively, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t=10.497, 7.865, 12.128, 10.291, all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of liver function impairment, thrombocytopenia, myelosuppression, nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea between the two groups(all P>0.05). Conclusion Linezolid in the treatment of severe tuberculosis can reduce the level of inflammatory factors, improve the cellular immune level of patients, and has a lower incidence of adverse effects.