Objective: To analyze the trends in incidence of thyroid cancer in Fuling District, Chongqing Municipality from 2016 to 2020 and predict the incidence of thyroid cancer from 2021 to 2023, so as to provide insights into thyroid cancer control. Methods: The data pertaining to incidence of thyroid cancer in Fuling District from 2016 to 2020 were collected through National Central Cancer Registry of China. The crude incidence rate ( CR ) of thyroid cancer, the standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer by Chinese standard population ( ASR China ) and by world standard population ( ASR world ) were calculated. The trend in thyroid cancer incidence was analyzed using annual percent change ( APC ). The GM ( 1, 1 ) grey model was created to predict the crude incidence of thyroid cancer in Fuling District from 2021 to 2023, and the fitting effect and predictive accuracy of the model were evaluated using posterior error ratio ( C ), small probability error ( p ) and mean absolute percent error ( MAPE ). Result: A total of 686 new cases of thyroid cancer were reported in Fuling District from 2016 to 2020, with CR of 11.84/105, ASR China of 11.93/105 and ASR world of 10.02/105. Among the 686 new cases of thyroid cancer, there were 165 male cases, with CR of 5.69/105, ASR China of 5.66/105 and ASR world of 4.81/105, and 521 female cases, with CR of 18.02/105, ASR China of 18.17/105 and ASR world of 15.24/105. The CR appeared a tendency towards a rise among the whole population and women in Fuling District from 2016 to 2021, with APC values of 38.40% ( t=3.369, P=0.043 ) and 38.68% ( t=4.035, P=0.027 ). The incidence of thyroid cancer peaked among patients at ages of 25 to 34 years and 50 to 54 years, with CR of 22.82/105 and 39.06/105, respectively. The GM ( 1, 1 ) grey model was qualified to fit the incidence of thyroid cancer among the whole population ( C=0.56, p=0.75 ) and women ( C=0.53, p=1.00 ). In addition, the CR of thyroid cancer was predicted to be 19.48/105, 22.51/105 and 26.03/105 ( MAPE=9.93% ) among the whole population, and 31.43/105, 37.37/105 and 44.46/105 ( MAPE=11.30% ) among women, respectively. Conclusions The incidence of thyroid cancer appeared a tendency towards a rise in Fuling District from 2016 to 2021, and is projected to increase among the whole population and women from 2021 to 2023. Women and the elderly are at high risk of thyroid cancer.

Objective Through summarizing quality management practices of international cooperative academic clinical studies funded by Peking University Health Science Center,analyzing its present major challenges of implementation in China,this paper proposed related measurements and suggestions to improve the quality of clinical research.Methods To sort the project management archive data,as well as descriptive analysis of the common monitoring/auditing findings.Results From the year 2011 to 2016,there were 14 such studies funded by Peking University health science center,common findings during monitoring and or auditing were classified as following categories,study files problem (100.0％),ethics problem (71.4％),protocol noncompliance (64.3％),data quality issues (71.4％),communication problem in study teams (14.3％),export problems of bio-specimens (14.3 ％),recruiting delay (14.3 ％) and cooperation termination in advance (7.1 ％).Conclusions In order to obtain credible and reliable data,peer recognized research conclusion and accurate answered scientific questions,it is essential for investigators to comply with laws and regulations and being strongly supported.Furthermore,researchers also need to establish and strictly follow study protocols,standard operating procedures (SOPs),research quality management system and relevant national laws and regulations that are comply with actual requirements in China.

Objective To investigate the effects of tea polysaccharides (TPS) on blood lipids and liver trace elements in hyperlipidemic rats. Method The hyperlipidemic rats were treated by gavage with tea polysaccharides of three purities, named TPS I, TPS II, and TPS III at 27.43%,57.82%,and 89.50% purity, respectively for 4 w. Then the rats were killed and the influence of TPS on concentrations of total cholesterol (TC)、triglyceride (TG)、low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood serum, and Ca,Fe,Zn,Cu and Mg ion in liver were determined. Results The TC and MDA concentrations in blood serum of the experimental rats decreased significantly(P

Objective: To analysis the relationship between glucocorticosteroids (GCS) usage and side effects in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Methods: All clinical records of probable SARS patients in Beijing were collected and input into an Epi6 database, in which 1 291 patients had entire information and met the clinical criteria of SARS. The usage of GCS and GCS associated side effects were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Patients accepted GCS therapy were 83.96% (n= 1 084), whereas 16.04%(n=207) did not take GCS. The average dosage of GCS was 160 mg/d in the first week, and then reduced to 80 mg/d and 40 mg/d in the second and the third weeks, respectively. Initial blood glucose, systolic pressure (SBP), and diastolic pressure (DBP) were no significant difference between GCS group and non-GCS group. The highest blood glucose during the treatment in GCS group was markedly higher than that in non-GCS group [(8.68? 4.80 ) mmol/L vs (6.39?3.71) mmol/L, P05). After GCS administration, SBP and DBP were increased gradually, and reached their peaks in the fourth week [SBP (117.2?14.0) mm Hg and DBP (72.5?9.1) mm Hg vs SBP (120.0?12.5) mm Hg and DBP (74.5?8.7) mm Hg, P

Objective To evaluate effectiveness of guideline-oriented training for community healthcare workers (HCWs) with The Applied Standards for Hypertension Prevention and Control at the Grassroots to provide guidance to hypertension management in communities. Methods In 2003, four community health-care service centers in Beijing were selected and assigned as intervention (one at urban and one at rural) and control (one at urban and one at rural ) groups, respectively. HCWs in the intervention group received guideline-oriented training based on The Applied Standards for Hypertension Prevention and Control at the Grassroots, while HCW in the control group did not. All HCWs participated in tests of the knowledge of hypertension management using the same questionnaire before and after the training to analyze their changes in awareness scores with a full of 32. Results There were 39 and 33 HCWs in the intervention group and 15 and 16 HCWs in the control group, respectively at urban, and 30 and 33 HCWs in the intervention group and 21 and 22 HCWs in the control group, respectively at rural before and after the training were involved in the tests, respectively. After training, overall knowledge scores of hypertension prevention and control in HCWs in the intervention group at urban increased obviously, with an average score of 26 of 32 ( 81.0% ) after training from 15 of 32 (45. 6% ) before it ( P ＜ 0. 01 ) , with a net increase of 28.5% (9/32), as compared to HCWs in the control group. Those at rural increased to 6. 6% (20/32) after training from 40. 7% (13/32) before it ( P ＜ 0.01 ), with a net increase of 22. 2 percent (7/32), as compared to HCWs in the control group. Their awareness of knowledge of hypertension prevention and control significantly improved, with the most obviously in the target of blood pressure control (51.7% vs. 31.5% ) and principles of pharmaceutical therapy (42. 2% vs. 27. 6% ). Conclusions Guideline-oriented training based on The Applied Standards for Hypertension Prevention and Control at the Grassroots can effectively improve community HCWs' awareness of knowledge of hypertension management and should be widely promoted in communities.

Objective: To explore the progression rate of cortid maximal plaque area and the risk of new ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) in a rural cohort in Beijing.
Methods: The PRC-USA collaborative study had been regularly conducted in Shijingshan area in Beijing. The carotid ultrasound examination, ICVD risk factor and acute cardiovascular events follow-up were conducted in those participants. A total of 1479 subjects who received at least 2 carotid ultrasound examinations and had no cardiovascular disease before the second ultrasound were studied. They were divided into 5 groups:①Control group, the participants had no plaque detected by 2 ultrasounds; ② New plaque group, new plaque was found at the second ultrasound examination; ③ Plaque regression group; ④ Plaque stabilized group and ⑤ Plaque progression group. The hazard ratio (HR) between the progression rate of corotid maximal plaque area and new ICVD events was estimated by Cox proportional hazard regression analysis .
Results: Compared with Control group, the HR for new ICVD events were higher in groups②,③,④and⑤at 3.5, 5.7, 6.2 and 7.3 respectively, all P<0.05. The increasing trend of HRs remained signiifcant with the adjusted age and gender, P<0.001.
Conclusion: The progression rate of maximal corot id plaque area rate could predict the risk of new ICVD events in clinical practice.

Objective To establish the quality control system of the Capital's Funds for Health(CFH),strengthen the process management,and improve the clinical research capacity.Methods The framework,contents and implementation method of the quality control system were developed with comprehensively adopting methodologies of literature analysis,expert discussion,summaries of policy and practice experiences.Results This quality control system of the Capital's Funds for Health is comprised of three tiers.The first tier is self-assessment,the principle investigator takes the responsibility;the second tier is the sponsor verification,the sponsor organization takes the responsibility;the third tier is the independent audit,the CFH office takes the responsibility.The contents of quality control focus on the compliance with ethical approval and informed consent,data authenticity,protocol deviation,progress of project,and quality assurance methods taken during the project implementation.Conclusions This three-tier quality control system of the Capital's Funds for Health provides a new idea and scheme for the quality control of clinical research projects supported by funding agencies in China,and its impacts will be evaluated in next implementation practices.

Objective More and more investigator initiated studies have been funded in China.Both institutions and investigators should take the responsibility for meeting the scientific validity,ethical requirement,feasibility and interdisciplinary management requirements during the clinial research project design and initiation.This article hereby analyzed and summarized the most common review comments on clinical research applications.Methods Summarize the problems identified during the review of Shenzhen Second People's Hospital Clinical Research Program applications.Results The most common findings in turn as follows:inappropriate sample size calculation,study design,parameters,unclear study aims,insufficient study rational.Conclusions To fund clinical research programs with significant scientific values and appropriate design,it is vital for the research management department to provide more supervision and technology support.

DECIDE-Diet trial was taken as a case to introduce the methods of blinding and blinding assessment for feeding trials, report the details of blinding, conduct a blinding survey and calculate Jame's BI and Bang's BI. Jame's BI was 0.683 (95% CI: 0.593~0.772). The Bang's BI for the intervention group was 0.340 (95% CI: 0.199~0.481), and for the control group was 0.086 (95% CI: -0.060~0.231). The blinding of the DECIDE)-Diet was generally successful, but the intervention group may infer their group to a certain extent. Feeding trials should report the details of blinding and consider blinding assessment.

Objective:To explore the clinical outcomes of recipients with refractory heart failure requiring an insertion of mechanical circulation support(MCS)device prior to heart transplantation(HT).Methods:From March 2017 to December 2021, retrospective review is performed for clinical data of 7 recipients with refractory heart failure requiring a bridging placement of MCS.There are 2 males and 5 females with an average age of(39.0±16.3)years(7~56 years)and an average weight of(57.6±19.9)kg(7~56 kg).The primary diseases of recipients are dilated cardiomyopathy(4 cases)severe viral myocarditis(2 cases)and ischemic cardiomyopathy(1 case).All of them develope acute decompensation of congestive heart failure.Before implanting MCS, two or more inotropic drugs are offered at maximal doses ages or IABP device, 6 cases required cardio-pulmonary resuscitation treatment and another patient for Heartcon assistance.All the patients bridge to heart transplatation.Results:Adjuvant therapy of MCS was offered for(20.0±11.5)d(7~34 d).Emergency HT is performed.Two post-HT deaths occurr due to multiple organ failure(1 case)and severe infection(1 case).The remainders recover smoothly during a follow-up period of(6~24 months).Conclusions:MCS device is recommended as a bridging too for HT recipients with refractory heart failure.It is imperative to improve clinical outcomes with MCS support before an onset of multiple organ dysfunction.Despite a perioperative mortality, long-term prognosis is generally satisfactory.