To survey the current awareness of risk factors for osteoporosis in community health staff in Beijing.A total of 200 medical staff including general practitioners,community nurses and public health doctors from 4 Community Health Service Centers in Beijing were examined by purposeful sampling.Then their knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors was gauged by a questionnaire.The community health staff lacked a sufficient knowledge of osteoporotic risk factors.And the most knowledgeable factor was advanced age of which 41.5％ community health staff knew.The community health staff has an insufficient knowledge of osteoporosis so that its proper training should be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the awareness of osteoporosis and to evaluate the effect of related health education among Beijing community residents.Methods Total 1 000 patients,who visited in 4 community health service centers in Beijing from June to December 2011,were selected as study participants.The questionnaire survey on the awareness of osteoporosis was conducted in all participants,and the items of questionnaire included the risk factors,symptoms,prevalence of osteoporosis,the recommended daily calcium intake and risk of falls.Five hundred participants in 2 health service centers were designated as intervention group and 500 in another health service centers as control group.In intervention group the health education of osteoporosis was conducted every 2 to 3 months and the outpatient follow-up was provided every 2 months;the contents of health education included the clinical manifestation,prevention and control of osteoporosis,and the preveution of fall.In control group only the general outpatient consultation and referral were provided.The second questionnaire survey was conducted 2 years after intervention,the results were compared with baseline and the intervention effect was evaluated.Results Before intervention,58.0％ (580/1 000) participants had exercise,43.1％ (431/1 000) participants took calcium supplement and vitamin D,and 12.1％ (121/1 000)took medication following doctor's advance.The rates of fall prevention and administration of calcium vitamin D in intervention group before intervention [27.8％ (139/500) and 38.7％ (194/500)] were lower than those in control group [33.8％ (308/500) and 47.5％ (237/500)].After two-years of intervention the adoption rate of health behavior in intervention group was improved markedly,the highest one was diet control [increased by 38.4％ (192/500)] and the lowest one was medication [increased by 17.3％ (87/500)].Compared to control group the diet control rate in intervention group was significantly higher [74.0％ (370/500) vs.23.6％ (108/457),x2 =261.887,P=0.000].In addition,unhealthy behaviors were also reduced:55.0％ participants reduced caffeine consumption and 72.2％ participants reduced sodium intake in intervention group.Conclusion The awareness of osteoporosis among Beijing community residents is not satisfactory,but intervention focusing on osteoporosis prevention education is effective to change their behavior.

Objective:To investigate the mental health status and psychological intervention needs in community health service staff during the outbreak of COVID-19.Methods:From February 28 to March 2, 2020, a total of 554 questionnaires on the mental health status and psychological intervention needs were collected from community health service staff in Beijing, Zhejiang, Hebei and Shanghai. The mental health was assessed by physical symptoms and GAD-7. The status and effectiveness of psychological intervention was analyzed.Results:The survey found that 19.7% (109/554) of community health service staff needed psychological support. Most psychological supports were received from colleagues′ encouragement (59.6%, 330/554) and internet mental health knowledge (41.2%, 228/554); in contrast, less from group intervention (5.8%, 32/554) and one-on-one counseling (5.6%, 31/554). Higher proportion of staff with anxiety symptoms and physical symptoms needed psychological support than that without symptoms (χ 2=53.41, 71.47), and a higher proportion of responders thought that the existing psychological intervention was not helpful (χ 2=26.89, 17.79), the difference is statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:It is necessary to strengthen the mental health assessment of community health service staff and give effective psychological intervention according to their needs during the outbreak of COVID-19.

Objective To investigate gender differences of plasma glial cell line-derived neurotro-phic factor (GDNF) levels in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods MDD subjects (male 20,female 36) and healthy controls (HCs) (male 35,female 45) were divided into four groups by gender. Plasma levels of GDNF were measured and compared in different gender groups. The clinical symp-tom severity of MDD patients was evaluated by 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) and Hamil-ton Anxiety Scale (HAMA-17). Results (1)The plasma GDNF level in male patients with major depres-sive disorder (( 1. 55 ± 0. 43 ) pg/ml ) was significantly lower than that in healthy controls (( 1. 86 ± 0. 50)pg/ml,F=4. 64,P=0. 036). There was no significant difference in GDNF level between female de-pression patients((1.62±0.46)pg/ml)) and female healthy control((1. 64±0. 48)pg/ml,F=0. 18,P=0. 672). In HCs,the GDNF level of male was significantly higher than that of female((1. 86±0. 50)pg/ml, (1. 64±0. 48)pg/ml,F=2. 04,P=0. 045). There was no significant difference in GDNF level between male and female patients(P>0. 05). (2) GDNF level in male patients with major depressive disorder was nega-tively correlated with HAMA score(r=-0. 388,P=0. 034). Conclusion The expression of GDNF is affect-ed by sex factors,which may be related to the different pathogenesis of MDD.

Objective:To investigate the status quo of anticoagulant therapy for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in Beijing community health centers and to analyze the affecting factors.Methods:From September to December 2020, 164 patients with NVAF in five community health service centers in Xicheng District of Beijing were selected for a face-to-face questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included basic information of patients, complications, CHA 2DS 2-VASc score, HAS-BLED score and oral anticoagulant therapy, et al. SPSS 23.0 software was used to analyze the status of anticoagulant therapy in patients with different risk stratification of stroke, and chi-square was used to analyze the factors affecting anticoagulant therapy in high-risk patients with stroke. Results:In 161 NVAF patients with indication, 86 received anticoagulation therapy (53.4%), and the utilization rates of rivaroxaban, dabigatran and warfarin were 64.0% (55/86), 26.7% (23/86) and 9.3% (8/86), respectively. In 140 patients (85.4%, 140/164) at high risk of stroke (CHA 2DS 2-VASc score ≥2 points in males or ≥3 points in females), 30.0% (42/140) had never received anticoagulant therapy, and 29.3% (41/140) was treated with antiplatelet therapy, 17.1% (24/140) did not use any antithrombotic medication. Univariate analysis showed that gender, age, symptoms at first diagnosis and complications were not significantly associated with the application of anticoagulant therapy in NVAF patients at high-risk of stoke ( P>0.05). The qualitative study showed that the reasons for not receiving anticoagulant therapy were spontaneous cardioversion or recovery of sinus rhythm after ablation (15 cases), adverse drug reactions (7 cases), self-withdrawal of drugs (10 cases), concern about bleeding (3 cases) and so on. Conclusion:A large proportion of NVAF patients in the community are at high risk of stroke, while the overall rate of anticoagulant treatment is relatively low. Clinician in the community should actively initiate anticoagulant therapy for patients with AF and strengthen the continuous management and compliance management of anticoagulant therapy.

Objective:To investigate the knowledge status and health education needs of patients with atrial fibrillation in the community.Methods:From September to December 2020, 277 patients with atrial fibrillation from 5 community health service centers in Xicheng District of Beijing were selected using typical sampling method for online questionnaire survey. The questionnaire mainly contained basic information of patients, the knowledge of atrial fibrillation and the health education needs. Factors affecting patients′ knowledge level and health education needs were analyzed.Results:The overall awareness rate of disease-related knowledge in 277 patients with atrial fibrillation was 67.1% (1 860/2 770), and in aspects of antithrombotic effect of aspirin [12.3% (34/277)], the benefits and risks of anticoagulation therapy [52.7% (146/277)] and atrial fibrillation discontinuation [55.2% (153/277)], the awareness rates were relatively low. Compared with patients in the age group of 66-79 years and ≥80 years old, those aged ≤65 years had higher awareness rates in knowledge of purpose of anticoagulantion therapy [89.7% (70/78)] and adverse reactions of anticoagulation drugs [89.7% (70/78)] (χ2=6.72, 8.77; P<0.05), but the awareness rate of the benefits and harms of anticoagulation therapy [43.6% (34/78)] was lower (χ2=6.11, P<0.05). The top three health education needs of patients were the impact of atrial fibrillation on the body (3.66±1.77), the method of treating atrial fibrillation (3.65±1.13) and the prognosis with different treatments (3.62±1.15). Further analysis showed that in patients with disease duration ≤5 years, the education needs for the purpose of anticoagulation therapy (3.60±1.17), exercise methods (3.62±1.12), dietary taboos (3.63±1.16), and how to communicate with family and friends(3.33±1.29) were higher than those with a disease duration of more than 5 years ( t=2.03, 2.88, 2.05, 2.07; P<0.05). Doctors [98.6% (273/277)], nurses [40.8% (113/277)] and health education lectures [36.8% (102/277)] were the main sources for patients to acquire knowledge about atrial fibrillation. Most patients had the strongest motivation to obtain health education at the time of disease diagnosis [70.0% (194/277)]. Conclusions:There is insufficient understanding of the disease in patients with atrial fibrillation in the community, and the needs for patients to get health education are high. It is necessary to pay more attention to the early health education in patients with younger age and shorter course of disease.