The mRNA expression levels of resistin in omental and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissues were measured by one-step semi-quantitative RT-PCR in normal controls and metablic syndrome patients with or without type 2 diabetes. The results suggest that there is no relationship between resistin mRNA expression in omental and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue and metablic syndrome.

Objective To explore the efficacy and toxicities of S-1 in the maintenance treatment of advanced esophageal cancer. Methods A total of 52 advanced esophageal cancer patients who benefited from the first-line treatment were randomly divided into experimental group (26 cases received S-1 orally as maintenance treatment) and control group (26 cases received placebo orally) by means of coin toss. After treatment, the efficacy and toxicities of the two groups were observed comparatively. Results The overall response rates (ORR) in experimental group and control group were 84.6% (22/26) and 76.9% (20/26), respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups (χ2=3.885, P=0.049). The median progression free survival (PFS) time of experimental group was 14.4 months, and that of control group was 12.5 months (χ2= 3.885, P= 0.049). The main adverse reactions of the two groups were grade 1-2, and grade 4 adverse reactions did not appear in all patients. Conclusion S-1 is effective and well-tolerated in the maintenance treatment of advanced esophageal cancer.

Objective To analyze and summarize the experiences in diagnosis and treatment of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) so as to increase the cure rate and survival rate. Methods A retrospective study was made on the diagnoses and treatment of 4 462 cases of sTBI inclu-ding 3 298 males (73.9%) and 1 164 females (26.1%). The most frequent cause for injury was traffic accident, accounting for 35.5% (1 583/4 462). Closed bead injury ocurred in 3 654 cases (81.9%) and open head injury in 808 (18.1%). The most commen clinical manifestations included unconscious-ness, changes of pupils and life signs. Of all, 1 158 cases (26.0%) were found with combined injury and 1 356 (30.4%) with complications. Treatment measures included first aid, surgery or conventional treatment. Emphasis was put on the treatment of secondary insults. Results Surgery was performed in 3 023 cases (67.7%) including craniotomy for hematoma clearance in 856 cases and hematoma clearance plus decompression in 2 167, with mortality rate of 17.9%. Conventional treatment was carried out in 1 439 cases (32.3%), with mortality rate of 23.7%. There were 2 462 eases (55.2%) with fair recov-ery, 508 (11.4%) with mild disability, 339 (7.6%) with severe disability, 272 (6.1%) under vege-tative state and 881 (19.7%) deaths on discharge according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale. Conelu-sions Active diagnoses and treatment, strict medication rules and prevention and treatment of secondary insults may be key to higher eure rate as well as lower morbidity and mortality of sTBI.

To report the clinical, imaging and pathological feature of a case of primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT) with multiple brown tumors whose complain was repeated epistaxis, and to conduct a retrospective analysis with relevant literatures. A postmenopausal middle-aged woman, with a history of joint pain, fracture, and kidney stone which were neglected due to the lack of specificity of symptoms for years, went to hospital due to repeated epistaxis. Laboratory results showed high blood calcium, hypophosphatemia, alkaline phosphatase(ALP), and parathyroid hormone(PTH) levels, as well as increased urinary calcium. Imaging examination showed systemically multiple brown tumors and extensive osteoporosis. Meanwhile an abnormal mass was found behind the right thyroid. Taking all findings into account, the diagnosis was made with PHPT, and the histopathology further confirmed that the lesion was a parathyroid adenoma. This case seems to be a rare case of multiple brown tumor caused by parathyroid adenoma, which compressed and destructed nasal blood vessels, thus induced a repeated nasal discharge. After resection of parathyroid adenoma, the patient experienced a transient hypocalcemia and PTH level elevation. After 5-month follow up, part of the brown tumors spontaneously regressed, bone density increased, and her clinical symptoms were mostly relieved.

Objective To screen the active antidiarrheal components of salt-processed Alpiniae oxyphyllae Fructus-Foeniculi Fructus medicines(YZYH)and investigate its pharmacological basis and quality markers by examining its"spectrum-effect"relationship.Methods A spleen and kidney yang deficiency model of diarrhea was established in rats.The pharmacodynamic indexes of YZYH in petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,and water fractions were measured,including behavioral indicators such as body weight,anal temperature,diarrhea incubation period(DIP),diarrhea index(DI),and biochemical indicators such as nitric oxide synthase(NOS),cGMP,and creatinine phosphokinase(CPK).We analyzed the components of YZYH by high performance liquid chromatography,and analyzed the"spectrum-effect"relationship between the chemical components and the antidiarrheal efficacy indicators using the grey correlation method.Results Compared with the blank control group,rats in the model group developed watery stools after 15 days,which was the key pathological index of the main syndrome of diarrhea.Rats in the model group also developed abdominal distension,loss of appetite,and back arching,as secondary symptoms of spleen and kidney yang deficiency diarrhea.Administration of the therapeutic drugs improved both the main and secondary symptoms of diarrhea.The positive drug and YZYH-M significantly prolonged DIP(P＜0.01)and decreased DI(P＜0.01)after 28 days.These key indexes of diarrhea,as well as body mass,24 h food intake,water intake,anal temperature,and the serum biochemical indexes NOS,cGMP,CPK were all improved in the positive drug and YZYH-M groups.Examination of the spectral effect relationship showed that anisaldehyde,chromatographic peak 4,and other components were correlated with the pharmacodynamic indexes of DIP,DI,NOS,cGMP,and CPK.Conclusions The ethyl acetate fraction was the active antidiarrheal fraction of salt-processed Alpiniae oxyphyllae Fructus-Foeniculi Fructus medicines.It acts by inhibiting gastrointestinal hyperfunction,regulating energy metabolism and immunity.Ingredients such as anisaldehyde and peak 4 served as quality indicators for its antidiarrheal effect.

Objective: To identify the clinical manifestations, imaging findings, and genetic mutation characteristics in a rare case of adrenoleukodystrophy(ALD)with adrenocortical dysfunction(Addison′s disease)as the first manifestation. Methods: The clinical data of the proband and his family members were comprehensively collected, and ABCDl gene sequencing was meticulously performed for the proband and his mother using high-throughput sequencing method. Results: The patient presented with systematical skin pigmentation accompanied by fatigue in early stage, arose stroke-like episodes manifested as a sudden loss of consciousness and incontinence induced by high fever, and followed by progressive unclear speech, unstable walking and worsening vision. Serum very long-chain fatty acid(VLCFA)concentration increased over normal range. The brain MRI showed an abnormal signal of the symmetric distribution of the bilateral corpus callosum. A new c. 874_876del GAG hemizygous variation in the patient′s ABCD1 gene was detected, while his mother had a nucleotide heterozygous variation to this site . Conclusion The diagnosis of ALD requires a combination of clinical manifestations, imaging examination, and serum VLCFA level measurement, while the detection of ABCD1 gene mutations is considered to be the most reliable approach.

Diabetic patients with poor glycemic control are exposed to media containing mold spores, and spores enter the body, which may lead to refractory infections. This article combines case and literature reviews, proposes the diagnosis and treatment method of mold infection, and provides some guidances for subjects who long-term exposure to mold groups such as farmers and immunocompromised people.

OBJECTIVE To explore the specific application and evaluation effect of objective structured clinical examination(OSCE)-guided scenario-based practical teaching mode in training clinical pharmacists. METHODS Fifty-six trainees who participated in the clinical pharmacist training program in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from October 2020 to September 2022 were selected as the research objects. OSCE-guided teaching was conducted, and the application effect of OSCE-guided teaching mode in clinical pharmacist training was explored and analyzed by using theoretical examination results and OSCE assessment results as evaluation indicators. RESULTS Through comparative analysis, it was found that the OSCE-guided teaching mode not only enabled students to better grasp the theoretical knowledge points required by the training outline, but also improved their clinical thinking ability, problem-solving ability, and communication and coordination skills to varying degrees. CONCLUSION For clinical pharmacist trainees, the OSCE teaching mode is conducive to the comprehensive improvement of clinical pharmacist skills and is suitable for cultivating clinical pharmacists who are capable of independently carrying out clinical pharmacy services in the new situation.