Objective To investigate the risk factors of hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) .Methods 181 cases of patients after TIPS diagnosed in this department from January 2009 to December 2013 were reviewed .The patients were divided into two groups:42 cases with hepatic encephalopathy (HE group)and 139 cases without he-patic encephalopathy(control group) .To evaluate the possible risk factors such as age ,sex ,pathogeny of cirrhosis ,complications [(Child-Pugh score ,portal pressure gradient (PPG ) ,Child-Pugh grading ,fibrinogen ,hemoglobin ,serum natrium ] were recorded and analyzed .Unconditional logistic regression model(W ald test)was used to screen the independent risk factors .Receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted and the area under it was calculated to evaluate the diagnose performance .Results There was no significant statistical difference between HE group and control group about age ,sex and pathogeny of cirrhosis(P>0 .05) .Analysis of unconditional logistic regression model indicated that Child-Pugh score ,PPG ,Child-Pugh grading ,were single risk factors of HE after operation(OR=1 .29 ,1 .06 ,1 .22) ,while fibrinogen ,hemoglobin and serum natrium were protective factors .ROC curve was plotted and the AUC was calculated to evaluate the diagnose performance ,which indicated the sequence was that ,Child-Pugh score> PPG>Child-Pugh grading>hemoglobin>fibrinogen>serum natrium .Conclusion Child-Pugh score ,PPG ,Child-Pugh grading , fibrinogen ,hemoglobin and serum natrium were single hazard factors of HE after operation .

Objective To study the difference in occurrence of complications and health economics between early enteral nutrition (EN) and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in patients with alimentary tract carcinoma after surgical operation.Methods Totally,164 patients with alimentary tract carcinoma hospitalized at the Department of General Surgery in China-Japan Friendship Itospital,Beijing during September 2003 to December 2005 with nutritional intervention,84 cases with early EN and 80 with TPN within 24 to 48 hours after surgical operation,were reviewed.Nutrition index,complications,recovery of gastrointestinal movement,length of hospital stay after operation and total cost of the patients were analyzed. Results Serum level of prealbumin in EN group was (309?49) mg/L,significantly higher than that in TPN group of (277?46) mg/L (P

Objective To prepare a 10-hydroxycamptothecin (10-HCPT) loaded folate-receptor targeted phase-change contrast agent (FR-HCPT-PNPCA),and to study the general characteristics including drug loading,phase changing and targeting capability in vitro.Methods Using a method of two-step emulsification,the phase-change nanoparticles loading anticancer drug (10-HCPT) with lipids shell and liquid pefluorocarbon core were prepared.The entrapment efficiency and the drug-loading amounts were studied by high performance liquid chromatography,and the phase transition of the nanoparticles after heating was observed.The targeting ability was evaluated on liver cancer cell line 7721 in vitro.Results The FR-HCPT-PNPCA,with a drug encapsulation rate of about 70.42 ％ and drug loading amounts of about 20.05 ％,was prepared successfully.When being heated to 70℃,obvious phase changing and microbubbles generating could be observed under microscope.In addition,a large amount of FR-HCPT-PNPCA particles could adhere specifically around the 7721 cells.Conclusion The prepared FR-HCPT-PNPCA,which has a stable characteristic and high performance of drug loading and tumor targeting,is expected to become a promising multifunctional molecular ultrasound probe for diagnosis and treatment of tumor.

Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of h um an hepatocyte transplantation in the treatment of severe hepatitis induced by dr ugs. Methods The primary human hepatocytes were isolated from t he liver of a healthy donor, and they were then cryopreserved. The thawed hepato cytes were transplanted into the patient's spleen via a femoral artery catheter. 2?10~10 hepatocytes were harvested, and 70% of thawed hepatocytes were vi able, and 2?10~9 vital hepatocytes were transplanted. Results One month after the transplantation, clinical symptoms of the recipient were a meliorated obviously, and the levels of BIL, NH3, ALT and AST lowered, while PA elevated. 50 days after discharge from the hospital it was found that biochemica l parameters returned to normal values, and the hepatocyte signal could be detec ted in the spleen with MRI. Conclusion Hepatocyte transplantati on is safe and efficacious.

Objective To investigate the effects and safety of human hepatocytes transplantation in vivo for the treatment of liver failure. Methods The primary human hepatocytes were collected from normal liver tissue donated by healthy volunteers and preserved by cryopreservation technique. After thawing, the hepatocytes were transplanted into the spleen of patients with severe hepatitis through catheterization of the femoral artery. Then the changes in clinical symptoms, serum biochemical indexes and MRI signals of the spleen were observed in the patients. Results A total of 2?10 10 hepatocytes were isolated from normal liver tissue of healthy volunteers and 75% of the hepatocytes were alive after cryopreservation and thawing. The number of transplanted hepatocytes was 2?109. In the recipients, the clinical symptoms were markedly improved, serum levels of bilirubin, NH_3, ALT and AST were significantly reduced, but that of PTA remarkably increased, after hepatocyte transplantation. The follow-up examination was performed 80d and 270d after discharge from the hospital, and it was showed that all the serum biochemical indexes returned to normal and signals of the hepatocytes were found in the spleen. Conclusions Hepatocyte transplantation is a safe and effective therapy for severe hepatitis. The transplanted hepatocytes can proliferate and differentiate in the spleen to replace or partially compensate the liver function of synthesis, detoxication and metabolism. Contrast enhanced MRI can be a new method for follow-up study of transplanted hepatocytes.

AIM: To observe the mRNA expressions of Insulin-induced gene 2(Insig-2) and Vitamin D receptor(VDR) in HepG2 cell line and investigate the possible mechanism of berberine on regulating blood lipid. METHODS: HepG2 cells were incubated with Bet at different concentrations(1,3,10,30,100 ?mol/L),and incubated with 3 ?mol/L berberine for various times(0,12,24,48,72 h).Total RNA was extracted and the mRNA expressions of Insig-2 and VDR from HepG2 cells treated by berberine were quantified by RT-PCR.(RESULTS): After exposure to gradient concentrations of berberine for 24 h,the mRNA expressions of Insig-2 and VDR in HepG2 cells increased obviously peaked at 3 ?mol/L concentration,then the up-regulating effect declined gradually.The relative coefficient between them was(0.753)(P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term nebulized corticosteroids and inhaled bronchodilators therapy on asthma in long term poor controlled elderly patients.Methods Prospective,randomized control study was conducted.63 elderly asthma patients,who received inhaled corticosteroids or combined with other long-term medication treatment for asthma control for more than 3 months but were still in moderate to severe persistent asthma state,were randomly divided into nebulizer treatment group (n=31) and dry powder inhalation group (n=32),and they were treated correspondingly with Budesonide inhalation suspension 1 mg and Salbutamol 2.5 mg BidorBudesonide/Formoterol powder 320/9 μg inhalation Bid.Patients in the two groups were evaluated for the differences in lung function,acute exacerbations of asthma,asthma control test (ACT) and adverse effects after 12-week treatment.Results The improvement in morning peak expiratory flow (PEF) and ACT score were better in the test group than in the control group [(29.2 ±14.4) ml vs.(15.8±13.5)ml,(4.8±2.2) vs.(3.0±2.7),t=3.715 and 2.897,P=0.000 and 0.005],but there were no statistical differences in average daily use of relievers and severe acute exacerbations between the test and control groups (t=1.512,P=0.136;x2=2.238,P=0.135).The local adverse effects caused by inhaled corticosteroids had no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusions Compared with the powder inhalation,the nebulizer inhalation administration of corticosteroids and bronchodilators could improve the asthma symptoms and lung function better in elderly patients with serious asthma condition and shows a good safety in tbe12 weeks of continuous treatment.

Objective To analyze the difference of the delivery date reckoned by traditional and modified formula for calculating the expected date of confinement (EDC).Methods The data of 2055 women (37-41+6 week) were collected who gave monotocousa term spontaneous birth in the Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children from Jan.2014 to Feb.2015.Of which 1300 were primipara,and 755 were multipara;and the data of 1224 women (39-41week) were collected,of which 832 were primipara,and 392 were multipara.The expected date was calculated with traditional and modified calculating formula,and then the actual delivery date was used for comparison and statistical analysis.Results The coincidence of actual delivery date with the estimated due date reckoned by traditional formula (39-41week) was 8.4％ in primipara and 9.7％ in multipara,and the coincidence reckoned by modified formula was 11.9％ in primipara and 14.8％ in multipara.The EDC estimated by modified formula was more precise than that calculated by traditional formula (P＜0.05).Conclusion The EDC calculated with modified formula is more accurate than that calculated with traditional formula.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy of Felodipine sustained-release tablets(Ⅱ)in the treatment of elderly es-sential hypertension and its improvement effect on arterial elasticity,left ventricular remodeling and the quality of life. METHODS:A total of 96 elderly patients with essential hypertension in our hospital during Aug. 2014-Dec. 2015 were divided into observation group (50 cases) and control group (46 cases) according to random number table. Observation group was given Felodipine sus-tained-release tablets(Ⅱ)5 mg orally,qd,with empty stomach in the morning;control group was given Irbesartan tablets 150 mg, qd,with empty stomach in the morning. Both groups received treatment for 12 weeks. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were observed as well as 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP),indexes of arlerial elasticity [carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (CR-PWV),carot-id-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV)], indexes of left ventricular remodeling [diastolic interventricular septum thickness (IVST),diastolic left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LPWT),left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVIDd)] before and after treatment. The physiological function (PF),social function (SF),role-physical (RP),body pain (BP),mental health (MH),role-emotional(RE),vitality(VT)and general health(GH)score of SF-36 were observed in 2 groups before and after treatment. The occurrence of ADR was compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in total response rate be-tween 2 groups (P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in 24 hABP,CR-PWV,CF-PWV,IVST,LPWT,LVIDd,SF-36 score between 2 groups before treatment(P>0.05). After treatment,the levels of 24 hSBP,24 hDBP and 24 hMAP in 2 groups were decreased significantly,and 24 hSBP and 24 hMAP of observation groups were significantly lower than those of control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in 24 hDBP (P>0.05). The levels of CR-PWV,CF-PWV, IVST and LPWT in observation group were decreased significantly,and the levels of CR-PWV and LPWT in control group were also decreased significantly. The levels of CR-PWV,CF-PWV,IVST,LPWT and LVIDd in observation group were significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). SF-36 scores of 2 groups were increased significantly,and the scores of BP,VT,MH and GH in observation group were significantly higher than control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in scores of PF,SF,RP and RE. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR be-tween 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Felodipine sustained-release tablets(Ⅱ)exhibit significant effect and small blood pres-sure fluctuation in the treatment of elderly essential hypertension,and can improve the quality of life with good safety.

AIM: To investigate the genetic and epigenetic alterations of p14~ ARF gene and mutation status of p53 gene in human primary colorectal carcinomas and to analyze the relationship between the two gene changes and the role of abrogation of the p14~ ARF -p53 pathway in colorectal carcinogenesis. METHODS: The homozygous deletions, mutations, methylation of 5′ CpG islands, mRNA expression of p14~ ARF gene and mutations of p53 gene were assessed by PCR, direct sequencing, methylation-specific PCR, and RT-PCR in the tumorous and matched adjacent normal colorectal tissues from 56 patients with colorectal carcinoma. RESULTS: ① p14~ ARF alterations were detected in 27% (15/56) of colorectal carcinoma tissues studied, of which 1 case showed homozygous deletion, 14 cases showed 5′ CpG island methylation, and no mutation was found in any tumor. ②15 colorectal carcinomas with p14~ ARF alterations indicated lack of (13 cases) or at low level of expression (2 cases) of p14~ ARF mRNA, while expression of the p14~ ARF transcript was detected in the remaining 41 colorectal carcinomas and any matched adjacent normal colorectal tissues. ③ The mutations of p53 gene were detected in 48% (27/56) of colorectal carcinomas investigated. ④ Of these 56 cases, 12 had p14~ ARF alterations alone, 24 had p53 mutations alone, 3 had both p53 mutations and p14~ ARF methylation, and 17 had neither. 70% (39/56) of the samples had either or both abnormalities of the two genes, and p14~ ARF hypermethylation was related to wildtype p53 (P