Thirty New Zealand albino rabbits of both sexes were used for the experi-ments which was (1) To observe the febrile response induced by microinjection of TNFinto the lateral ventricle; (2) To measure the PGE_2 & cAMP contents of the plasma andcerebrospinal fluid. The results showed that injection of TNF (50ng/each) into the lateralventricle did induce a definite raise of body temperature (T=0.79?0.14℃). The PGE_2concentration increased markedly in c. s. f. while that in plasma remain unchanged ascompared with the control. However cAMP lever in both, plasma and c. s. f. had nochange. These results suggested that (1) The injection of TNF into the lateral ventriclecaused a raise in PGE_2 synthesis in the brain while there was no alterations of PGE_2found in peripheral blood (2) The increase in PGE_2 didn't followed by an increase incAMP which indicated that the fever induced by TNF must have a different mechanismfrom that induced by leucocyte pyrogent (LP or In-1). PGE_2 might be involved in thefever inducing mechanism but these results don't support the hypothersis that the raiseof PGE_2 level may increase the cAMP content which in turn reduced the fever.

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a cognitive impairment caused by cerebrovascular disease and its risk factors,its mechanism is very complex Recent studies have shown that cerebral microbleed (CMB) is correlated with VCI.This article reviews the relationship between CMB and VCI.

Autophagy generally exists in organisms as a protective mechanism against external pressure, and myocardial autophagy plays a vital role to maintain myocardial function. Early exercise-based rehabilitation improves health-related quality of life and functional capacity after acute myocardial infarction. This paper summarized the role of autophagy in sport rehabilitation for myocardial infarction and possible mechanisms.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and assess the computer-assisted fabricated individual titanium mesh technique applied for reconstruction of fractured orbital walls to correct post-traumatic enophthalmus and diplopia. Methods: Twenty patients (12 males and 8 females) were inclu-ded in this study. All of patients suffered from unilateral impure orbital fractures. Group A included 8 patients who were reconstructed for the fractured orbit with computer-assisted fabricated titanium mesh technique. Group B had 12 patients treated with traditional methods (titanium meshes in 2, autogenous bone grafts in 7 and Medpor implantation in 3). CT data of group A was input into a image software to rebuild a 3-D orbit and then mirror the unaffected side onto the affected side to replace the demolished orbit. A resin model of the reshaped orbit was then produced and was used to develop custom-fabricated titanium mesh for repair of the fractured orbital wall. The fabricated mesh was used in operation to reconstruct the orbital wall. Treatment was assessed in comparison with traditional way by means of clinical examinations and CT measurements. Results: The difference between pre-operative and post-operative enophthalmos: the mean value of group A was 2.6 mm, group B was 2.0 mm;the difference between the pre-operative and post-operative enlargement volume of traumatic orbit: the mean value of group A was 4.3 mL, group B was 3.7 mL; Index of Medial orbital wall of both groups was 100% and Index of inferior wall reconstruction of group A was 84.7%, group B was 53.3%; The mean depth of implants of group A was 31.2 mm, of group B was 28.3 mm; Improvement of diplopia of group A was 1.5 quadrants, that of group B was 1 quadrant. There were no infection, gaze restriction, or graft extrusion in all patients after operation. Conclusion: Computer-assisted fabricated titanium mesh technique could provide more accurate orbital reconstruction and improve the correction of enophthalmus and diplopia.

Objective To evaluate the value of the fusion of 99m Tc-MIBI imaging technology apply in the diagnosis of malignant lung tumor. Methods Thirty - four cases with lung nodules proved by X-ray and/or CT scanning, a total of 48 lung nodular lesions. And the imaging with-99m Tc-MIBI of chest performed at 10 minutes and 2 hours delayed after injection by GE Infinia Hawkeye 4 SPECT-CT. then the regions of interesting ( ROI) were drawn in the tumor and contra lateral position to calculate the radioactivity ratios of tumor to normal ( T/NT) , and fused with the spiral CT scanning image in the same machine, and reading the early and delayed image respectively. Judged the result of the image develops, and statistical analysis of the ratio (T/NT) according to the final pathologic consequence. Results All cases with total of 48 nodular lesions, 21 nodules were positive in early imaging, 16 nodules were positive in delayed imaging (the ratio T/NT over 3. 33). defined the delayed image positive as the final criterion, The(T/NT)ratios of Malignant lung lesions were significantly higher than the benign lesions ( P ＜0. 05). Negative nodes 27, 13 cases of lung cancer lesions were malignant, confirmed by postoperative pathologic examination. The falsepositive nodules 3, false-negative nodules 2. The sensitivity was: 88.88%, the specificity was: 90.9% positive predictive value ( +PV) was: 84. 21% , negative predictive value (-PV) is: 93.75%. Conclusion 99mTc-MIBI as a tumor positive imaging agent is highly sensitivity to lung lesions, but specificity is not so high.

Objective To evaluate the effect of mild hypothermia on the recovery from cisatracurium blockade during the recovery from anesthesia in patients .Methods Thirty ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients , aged 18-64 yr , with body mass index 18-25 kg/m2 , scheduled for elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia ,were enrolled in the study .The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the body temperature recorded when cisatracurium infusion was stopped at the end of surgery .The body temperature 36.0-36.9 ℃served as normothermia group (group N , n=14 ) and 34.0-35.9 ℃ served as mild hypothermia group (group H , n= 16 ) . The body temperature was measured by a thermocouple placed in the nasopharynx . Neuromuscular function was monitored by measuring the evoked mechanical response of the adductor pollicis muscle to supramaximal train-of-four (TOF) stimulation (frequency 2 Hz ,wave length 0.2 ms ,intensity 50 mA ,interval 15 s) of the ulnar nerve at the wrist using TOF-Watch SX? .Cisatracurium was intravenously infused at 1-3μg·kg-1 ·min-1 during surgery to maintain neuromuscular block with 1%

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ?-asarone injection in infants with asthmatic pneumonia.Methods 142 patients aged from 4 months to 6 years were randomly divided into a treatment group(78 cases) and a control group(64 cases).Two groups were the same basically on the conventional therapy.The treatment group was administrated with ?-asarone injection.Every 0.5mg/kg(maxium dose

Objective To investigate the risk factors for vascular cognitive impairment and the effet of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) on cognitive function in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods The data of patients with ischemic stroke over the age of 50 were collected.The Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scale and Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale were used to evaluate cognitive function.Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) was used to evaluate the depression status in order to exclude the patients with depression.The patients with ischemic stroke were divided into either a cognitive impairment group or a non-cognitive impairment group according to the scale evaluation results.The demographic and clinical characteristics in both groups were compared,and the multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to look for the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke.The Spearman rank correlation method was used to analyze the degree of CBMs,total score of MoCA,and the correlations of all cognitive domains scores.Results A total of 169 patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled in the study.There were 80 patients in the cognitive impairment group and 89 in the non-cognitive impairment group; 34 patients had CMBs and 135 had no CMBs.The age was older (71.99 ±6.01 years vs.64.47 ±6.15 years; t =8.014,P =0.000),years of education were fewer (4.51 ± 1.534 years vs.6.94 ±2.357 years; t =8.023,P =0.000),systolic blood pressure was higher (156.19± 17.53 mm Hg vs.142.04± 16.03 mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa; t =5.479,P =0.000),scale of white matter lesion was higher (7.33 ± 2.04 vs.4.39 ± 2.17; t =8.951,P =0.000),cerebral infarction volume was larger (7 123.8 ± 1 587.1 mm3vs.5 628.4 ± 1 017.8 mm3;t =7.201 ; P =0.000),proportion of the patients with history of previous stroke or transient ischemic attack was higher (46.2％ vs.28.1％;x2 =5.982; P=0.014),and number of CBMs was larger (x2 =17.565; P=0.000) in the cognitive impairment group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age (odds ratio [OR] 1.115,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.013-1.227; P =0.026),years of education (OR 0.490,95％ CI0.325-0.793; P=0.001),systolic blood pressure (OR 1.048,95％ CI 1.014-1.083; P =0.005),scale of white matter lesion (OR 2.044,95％ CI 1.466-2.851; P =0.000),and cerebral infarction volume (OR 2.204,95％ CI 1.386-3.503; P =0.001) were all the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke.Compared to the non-CBM group,the age was older (72.06 ± 5.59 years vs.67.01 ±7.15 years; t =4.427; P =0.000),years of education were fewer (3.97 ± 1.381 years vs.6.25 ±2.317 years; t =7.367,P =0.000),systolic blood pressure was higher (155.03 ±20.16 mm Hgvs.147.16 ±17.32 mm Hg; t =2.290,P =0.023),scale of white matter lesion was more higher (7.03 ±2.139 vs.5.47 ±2.591; t =3.247,P =0.001),cerebral infarction volume was larger (6 968.5 ± 1 507.4 mm3 vs.6 177.0 ±1 477.1 mm3; t =2.735,P =0.007),and proportions of hypertension (82.4％ vs.41.5％ ;x2 =18.149,P =0.000),hyperlipidemia (88.2％ vs.39.3 ％ ;x2 =26.067,P =0.000),history of previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (70.6％ vs.28.1％ ;x2 =21.061,P =0.000) and coronary heart disease (94.1％ vs.45.2％ ;x2 =26.278,P=0.000) were higher in the CBM group.The MoCA total score (M[Q1 ～ Q3]; 24 [24 ～25]vs.28 [27 ～ 28] ; Z =-7.092,P =0.000) as well as the scores of attention (6 [5 ～ 6] vs.6 [6 ～ 6] ; Z =-2.502,P =0.012),abstraction (2[1 ～2] vs.2[2 ～2] ; Z =-2.382,P =0.017) and visuoexecutive (2[1 ～2] vs.4[4 ～5]; Z=-7.321,P=0.000) in the CMB group were significantly lower than those in the nonCBM group.The Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the CMB grade was negatively associated with the MoCA total score (rs =-0.879,P =0.000) as well as the scores of visuoexecutive (rs =-0.895,P =0.000),attention (rs =-0.337,P =0.005),and abstraction (rs =-0.333,P=0.006).Conclusions The age,years of education,systolic blood pressure,degree of white matter damage,and cerebral infarction volume are the risk factors for vascular cognitive impairment.The visuospatial executive dysfunction,attention and abstract thinking decline significantly in ischemic stroke patients with CBMs.CMBs and their numbers are closely associated with cognitive impairment.The more the CMB numbers are,the more obvious the cognitive impairment will be.

To investigate the relationship between development of traumatic brain edema and changes in posterior hypothalamus excitability, different nuclei of the hypothalamus were excited with electrical stimulation. According to the stimulation method, forty rabbits were randomly divided into the following groups. Group A animals( n =8) were not stimulated and used as the sham control. Group B animals( n =8) underwent stimulation of the posterior nucleus of hypothalamus (PH), Group C ( n =8) stimulation of the dorsal medial nucleus of the hypothalamus (DMH), and Group D ( n =8) stimulation of the ventral medial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH). In group E animals( n =8), ? receptor antagonist Regitine was injected intravenously before stimulating PH. During the course of stimulation, intracranial pressure (ICP) was monitored continuously. 3h later, the animals were sacrificed and their cerebral tissue was examined for content of water, K + and Na + . Changes in blood brain barrier (BBB) were traced by a colloidal gold technique. The results showed that stimulation of the three nuclei caused an acute elevation of ICP,which was significantly higher than that before stimulations ( P

Objective To explore the clinical and CT characteristics of extreme lateral lumbar disc herniations and improve the diagnosis. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical and CT manifestations in 15 patients with extreme lateral lumbar disc herniations proved by operation was done. Results Extreme lateral lumbar disc herniation at L4/5 level is more common. Intraforaminal lumbar disc herniations combined with extraforaminal herniation were seen in most cases. The clinical findings often presented lumbar bi-root compression syndromes. Conclusion The clinical presentation combined with CT image is the key to the correct diagnosis.