Sepsis,a common clinical syndrome,comparing to septicaemia or bacteremia,has a more comprehensive pathophysiological process.Its pathogenesis is complex,including pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine imbalance,intestinal bacterial translocation,immunosuppression,signal pathway activation,etc.Further study on the pathogenesis of sepsis is the theory foundation to explore the new method of sepsis.The diagnosis of sepsis pathogenesis,treatment principles and common virus infection induced sepsis are reviewed in this paper.

Objective To investigate the influence of surface grafting density of polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules on the interactions of nanoparticle with the biomembrane.Methods The dynamics of polymer as well as its shielding effect on the wrap of the membrane were investigated using coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics simulations.A coarse grained model force field,MARTINI,was employed for its ability to reproduce experimental properties of various lipid dynamics and some kinds of polymer as well.Results As a result,structural variations and energy changes of grafted PEG molecules on the nanoparticles,adsorbing dynamics of PEGs on the membrane as well as the wrap rates of the membrane were obtained to shed light on the PEGylation-mediated shielding mechanism in the adsorption of PEGylated nanoparticles on the membrane.Conclusions The surface grafting density of PEGylated nanoparicles has been found to play a crucial role in the stealth shielding behavior of PEGylated nanocarriers.These studies are consistent with experimental observations and to some extent give a molecular level interpretation of the macroscale observations of prolonged circulation half-life of stealth nanocarriers.

The objective of this article was to explore new channels of information transmission in public health emergencies.According to the requestments of information transmission in public health emergencies,the current situation and problems were analysed.To solve the problems,the authors put forward a number of constructive measures,and came to the conclusion that to strengthen the construction of the channels of information transmission is one of the fundamental ways of improving the efficiency of correct handling of public health emergencies.

Some basic knowledge of the outbreak and direction of earthquake, and shows that in some areas the medical resources are wasted severely are briefly introduced. A long-term mechanism and emergency draft be set up for antiearthquake and rescue is suggested, which should aim at different areas and districts manage in large scale and reasonably distribute the limited medical resources. In this way, the indemnification can be raised, the victims' life and property can be saved, and the disaster areas can obtain better service.

This paper analyzes the routine failures and operating flow of full-functional DR-EIDOS3000 and points out the design deficiencies of the detector stand,the elevating table and the console.At last,some countermeasures are suggested for the hidden trouble.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status about fungal infections in hospital and to provide the evidence to clinical treatment by identification,and susceptibility test for 62 strains of fungal infection in target population.METHODS The positive sample of blood culture was detected by Bio-Merieux Bact/Alert 3D fully automated microbial detect system,and the fungus identified by Bio-Merieux API 20C Aux yeast system,VITEK identification system,or YBC identification card.The susceptibility test perform by ATB Fungus 2 INT tip.The fungal strains were cultured with Sabouraud medium.RESULTS Among the 62 fungal strains,61 were Candida which accounted for 88.7%,from them C.albicans was predominan,accounted for 35.5%.Susceptibility rate to fluconazole,amphotericin B,itraconazole and flucytosine was 91.0%,100.0%,91.0%,and 100.0%.The distribution of fungi was higher in ICU accounted for 50.0% than in other wards.CONCLUSIONS The rate of the Candida especially C.albicans infection is increasing in Beijing Hospital.The result of susceptibility test showed that the fungi are good susceptibe to antifungal drugs.Highly resistant strain is rare,therefore,the clinics should choose the appropriate antifungal agents and minimize the incidents of resistance of fungal infections according to the culture and in vitro susceptibility of fungus.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the occurrence of injuries by sharp instrument among new medical staff and their preventive consciousness and measures.METHODS Through questionaires,one hundred and fifty four interns who graduated from 2004 to 2006 were surveyed retrospectively.RESULTS Of the new interns,126(81.8%)persons were injured 585 times by sharp instrument,87.8% of whom were injured twice.During the internship,83 persons had passed sharp instrument injury prevention training,and earned priorities in its prevention.In the group of 83 persons trained,59 persons(71.1%) were injured;in another group of 71 persons untrained,67 persons(94.4%) were injured,there was significant difference at the rate of injuries between two groups.Opening ampules,and manipulating needles of syringes or infusion devices were the three major causes due which sharp injuries happened,were accounted for 35%,27% and 22%.CONCLUSIONS New medical staff have high rate of the sharp instrument injuries during internship,the occurrences of injuries are mostly due to the inadequacy in consciousness,the inpreficiency in operating,the high rate of with sharp instrument.Therefore,to reduce the sharp instrument injuries,developing good operating habit;performing operating procedure conscientiously;using medical equipment which can prevent injuries are the effective measures.

Social capital is an invisible capital form that promotes the efficient allocation and utilization of resources.It plays an active role in the prevention and control of chronic diseases.The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of social capital on the three levels prevention of stroke by means of document retrieval.Social capital is associated with both morbidity and mortality of stroke.Social participation and social support at a high level can promote the rehabilitation of stroke patients,and have a beneficial effect on improving the quality of life and the ability of daily life.Social capital is correlated with stroke related behavioral factors,such as smoking,drinking,obesity,diet and physical activity.People with high social capital stock are more likely to choose healthy behavior patterns,thus reducing the risk of stroke.We should take full account of the social capital factors,and make more comprehensive and effective completion of the three levels of stroke prevention.

Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy

Objective To analyze the concentration changes of serum hypoxia stress peptide (HSP)and plasma nitrogen monoxidum(NO)in the entering mountain rapidly man and to explore the importance of HSP and NO in adaptation of man to altitude hypoxia.Methods The levels of serum HSP and plasma NO2-/NO3-were measured from 106 entering mountain rapidly men,105 altitude in habitant,105 altitude immigrant and 104 plain healthy controls,respectively by chromatometry and NO2-/NO3-reagent.Furthermore,the content of serum HSP was determined in 106 entering mountain rapidly men,respectively at the time of 24 h,48 h,76 h,l week and 1 month after entering mountain.Results The level of serum HSP was significantly higher in entering mountain rapidly men than in habitant,immigrant and plain controls(P＜0.05),while there was no statistical difference between in habitant,immigrant and plain controls(P＞0.05).At 24h after entering mountain rapidly,the level of serum HSP was significantly increased and reached the peak.At 48h and 76h,it was slightly decreased,but still maintained a high level.At 1 week and 1 month,it gradually and significantly went down,but was still significantly higher than that in plain controls.Similarly,the level of plasma NO2-/NO3-was significantly elevated in entering mountain rapidly man,compared with inhabitant,immigrant and plain controls(P＜0.05).It was lower in inhabitants and immigrants than plain controls,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion The present results demonstrated that the levels of serum HSP and plasma NO were significantly up-regulated in healthy adults after en tcring mountain rapidly in order to adapt to altitude stress,and restored gradually to the normal level as time went by.