Objective: To explore antitumor responses induced by recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing a p53 antigenic peptide (rVV p53 M) and enhanced effect of recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing costimulatory molecule B7 (rVV B7). Methods: A 135 Cys to Tyr point mutation p53 transduced P815 mastocytoma (P815 mp53) was used as an experimental tumor and the p53 protein as the model of tumor associated antigen. rVV p53 M and rVV B7 were used as vaccine to test their induction of CTL and antitumor immunity. Results: Immunization of BABL/c mice with rVV p53 M could elicit specific CTLs, which could specifically lyse P815 mp53 cells. Immunization of mice with rVV p53 M could survive a part of mice challenged with 1?10 6 P815 mp53. Treatment with rVV p53 M could significantly prolong the survival of tumor bearing mice. Admixture at 1∶1 ratio of rVV p53 M and rVV B7 could enhance antitumor responses induced by rVV p53 M. Conclusion: Immunization with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing antigenic peptide is a useful alternative to peptide based vaccine. Costimulatory molecule B7 can enhance antigenic peptide to induce antitumor responses.

Objective: To explore antitumor responses induced by recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing a p53 antigenic peptide (rVV-p53M) and enhanced effect of recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing costimulatory molecule B7 (rVVB7). Methods: A 135 Cys to Tyr point mutation p53-transduced P815 mastocytoma (P815-mp53) was used as an experimental tumor and the p53 protein as the model of tumor associated antigen． rVV-p53M and rVV-B7 were used as vaccine to test their induction of CTL and antitumor immunity. Results: Immunization of BABL/c mice with rVV-p53M could elicit specific CTLs, which could specifically lyse P815-mp53 cells. Immunization of mice with rVV-p53M could survive a part of mice challenged with 1×106 P815-mp53. Treatment with rVV-p53M could significantly prolong the survival oftumor-bearing mice. Admixture at 1:1 ratio of rVV-p53 M and rVV-B7 could enhance antitumor responses induced by rVV-p53M. Conclusion: Immunization with recombinant vaceinia virus expressing antigenic peptide is a useful alternative to peptide-based vaccine. Costimulatory molecule B7 can enhance antigenic peptide to induce antitumor responses.

Objective To improve microbial specimen detection rate before therapeutic antimicrobial use.Methods A system of selective targeted management by clinical department was established,before management was as control group (July-September 2013),after management was as intervention group(October-December 2013),microbial specimen detec-tion in patients before antimicrobial use was compared between before and after management.Results Of all hospitalized pa-tients,11 254 received therapeutic antimicrobial agents,3 426 were sent specimens for microbial detection,the specimen detection rate was 30.44%;specimen detection rate in control and intervention group was 28.80% and 31.89% respective-ly ,the difference was significant(χ2 =12.71,P <0.05).3 716 patients(46.61%)received restrained antimicrobial therapy, and 1 418 (79.20%)received special antimicrobial therapy,compared with control group,the difference were both signifi-cant(χ2 =32.86,19.31,respectively,both P <0.05).Conclusion Applying selective targeted management can improve microbial specimen detection rate before therapeutic use of antimicrobial agents.

Objective To investigate the correlation between neonatal infectious disease and brain injury.MethodsClinical data of 1266 newborns with infectious diseases were collected from Peking University First Hospital from November 2005 to August 2010.The occurrence of brain injury was summarized.Related factors of brain injury caused by infection and the risk factors for severe brain injury were analyzed by Logistic regression model. Results Among the newborns with neonatal infectious diseases, the incidence of brain injury was 8.6％(108/1266), including 101 (8.0％)mild cases and seven (0.6％) severe cases. The incidence of brain injury for the newborns with severe infectious diseases was higher than those with mild infectious diseases [38.7％(29/75) vs 6.7％(79/1191),x2=92.787,P=0.000].The incidence of brain injury for the newborns withobviousinflammatoryreactionwassignificantlyhigherthanthosewithout [(13.0％(26/200) vs 7.5％ (77/1025),x2=6.544,P=0.011].Severe infection was independent risk factor for severe brain injury by Logistic regression model analysis (OR =15.750,95％ CI:1.756-141.281,P=0.014).ConclusionsIniectious diseases could cause injury on central nervous system,especially when there are severe infections or inflammatory reactions. The severer the infection,the severer the brain injury,especially when complicated by some factors such as asphyxia and hypoglycemia.

ObjectiveTo investigate an optimal treatment of localized low flow type venous malformation located in the oral and maxillofacial region.MethodsFifty seven patients with localized low-flow venous malformation were treated by intralesional injection of PYM.The injections was repeated at an interval of 10 to 14 days,but not more than 3-5 sessions within a therapeutic period.If necessary,the secondary therapeutic period was performed 1 month later.The general and local adverse responses and the appearance improvement were recorded.The clinical outcomes and aesthetic effects were assessed with a follow-up of 1 to 3 years.ResultsAfter 3-8 injections,complete clinical resolutions were achieved in 52 patients.The deformity disappeared thoroughly.The surface skin and the appearance of lesions showed normal.4 patients received completed lesion control and showed nor mal skin or muco but a little hypertrophy tissue.One venous malformation reduced 2/3 volume after 8injections but improved slowly.The therapeutic time seemed to be related with the size of lesion.Diameter less than 3 cm could be usually cured within 1 treatment period.No ulcerations or scars were presented in injection regions.The function of nerves in oral and maxillofacial region remained normality in all patients.The systematic complication included transient pyrexia and poor appetite appeared in several cases.No allergy was found.No clinical recurrence was observed during the follow-up.ConclusionsTreatment of localized low-flow venous malformations in oral and maxillofacial region with PYM sclerotherapy reveals a high rate of complete clinical resolution,a fair cosmetic and function result,and does not damage facial nerves or form local scars.And it might be regard as an optimal therapeutic method to localized low-flow venous malformations.

Objective To explore the relationship between lecithin cholesterol acy ltransferase (LCAT) gene 608C/T and 511C/T polymorphisms and stroke in Chinese Han population in Hunan province. Methods One hundred fifty patients with cerebral infarction, 150patients with cerebral hemorrhage, and 122 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were selected.LCAT gene 608C/T and 511C/T polymorphisms were detected by using polyrnerase chain reaction, single strand conformation polymorphism, and restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Results The CT genotype frequency (14. 0% ) and T allele frequency (7. 0% )of the LCAT gene 608C/T in the cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P ＜0. 05), while there were no significant differences in the CT genotype frequency (7. 3% ) and T allele frequency (3.7%) between the cerebral hemorrhage group and the control group (P ＞ 0. 05). The CT genotype frequency (10. 0% ) and T allele frequency (5. 0% ) of the LCAT gene 511C/T in the cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P ＜0. 01), while there were no significant differences in the CT genotype frequency (3.3%) and T allele frequency (1.7%) between the cerebral hemorrhage group and the control group (P ＞0. 05). Conclusions The 608C/T and 511C/T polymorphisms may be associated with the occurrence of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction in Chinese Han population in Hunan province. They may be the predisposing factors for atherosclerotic cerebral infarction in this population; however, they are not associated with cerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To investigate the inflammation levels of 2-diabetes patients before and after 3 months of improving glycemic control.Methods A longitudinal study was performed in a subgroup of 48 subjects with T2D and poor glycemic control.Forty-four healthy individuals were taken as control group.The serum concentration of C-reactionprotein (CRP),interleukin-6 (IL-6),interleukin-6 (IL-8),transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and transforming growth factor-β1 (MCP1) in all participants were measured simultaneously by multiplexed Luminex assay.Results The serum levels of CRP,MCP-1 of 2-diabetes patients were 3.96 (3.45,5.58) mg/L and (195.0± 129.8) ng/L,significant higher than those in control group (2.25 (1.24,3.22) mg/L,(148.5±85.7) ng/L),and the differences were significant(t=-2.580,P=0.010;t=-2.118,P =0.047).No significant difference was found in the serum levels of IL-6,IL-8,TGF-β lbetween the two groups (P＞0.05).TGF-β1 level in patients with good glycemic control decreased to 26.85 (23.17-31.12) ng/l,significant lower than that before glycemic control (43.5(26.5-62.25) g/L;Z=-2.191,P=0.028),and there were no significant differences among the other 4 kinds of inflammatory factors before and after blood glucose control(CRP:Z =-0.937P =0.372;IL-6:Z =-0.875,P =0.396;IL-8:Z =-1.215,P =0.286;MCP-1:t =-1.846,P=0.065).Conclusion Low grade systemic inflammation status in T2D patients.Improvement of glycemic control reduces TGF-β1 levels and plays a key role in delaying the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective This paper was to study the absorption and metabolism differences of intestine and liver for multicomponent licorice.Methods The components were identified with the UPLC-MS/MS. In situ closed-loop method was used to carry out the comparative experiments of absorption and metabolism differences between intestine and liver.Results 13 components were identified by UPLC-MS/MS. The absorption and metabolism results indicated some components in licorice water extract could be absorbed into blood and metabolism happened during this process. 14 metabolites were detected in the plasma sample. The hepatic metabolism results indicated many components could experience complex metabolism and more metabolites could be generated.Conclusions Liver was the major metabolism organ for licorice water extract and some components could be metabolized along with the absorption process in intestine. The absorption and metabolism differences between intestine and liver were significant.

Objective The expression of chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 13 (CXCL13) within liver in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients is significantly increased, but its origin and mechanism is not clear yet.The study aimed to investigate the expression of CXCL13 in the liver of mice through establishing a mouse model of PBC.Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into experiment group (n=20) control group(n=10).The mice in the experimental group were intraperitoneally injected with polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (Poly I:C) while the mice in control group were injected with PBS of the same volume.The level of serum AMA was quantified by ELISA and intrahepatic inflammatory cells were assessed by HE staining.Kupffer cells, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and infiltrating lymphocytes in the liver of mice were collected by in situ perfusion enzyme digestion and magnetic bead separation methods.The transcriptional level of intrahepatic CXCL13 in liver tissues and cell subpopulations were detected by qPCR.Results The serum AMA titers of the mice in experiment group increased gradually with the prolonging of modeling time and the positive rates at the 4th, 8th, and 12th week after the first injection of Poly I:C were 5.9%, 52.9% and 76.5% respectively.While the serum AMA titers of the mice in control group were at a lower level through the modeling process, with only 2 mice presenting a little higher level above positive cutoff value at the 12th week.The results of HE staining in liver tissues of both groups showed that there were a great amount of intensely infiltrating inflammatory cells in the mice of experimental group while no inflammatory cell infiltration were found in the mice of control group.The separation purity of Kupffer cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in the mice of experiment group tested by flow cytometry were 76%-80%, 68%-72% respectively.Compared with the CXCL13 mRNA level in Kupffer cells [2.34(0.22-8.64)], the expression levels in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and infiltrating lymphocytes declined[0.27(0.03-1.64), 0.05(0-0.22), P<0.05].Conclusion The chemokine CXCL13 is predominantly produced by Kupffer cells in the liver of PBC mice established by Poly I:C injection.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy of high-flow nasal cannulae oxygen (HFNC) in patients with respiratory failure.Methods Computerized PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, VIP, Wanfang Database up to March 31st, 2017, all published available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cohort studies about HFNC therapy for patients with respiratory failure were searched. The control group was treated with face mask oxygen therapy (FM) or non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV), while the experimental group was treated with HFNC. The main outcomemeasurements included endotracheal intubation rate, patient comfort, and the secondary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The quality of the literature was completed by two professionally trained evidence-based medical students, and meta-analysis was performed on quality-compliant literature. Funnel plot was used to analyze the publication bias.Results A total of 17 articles were enrolled including 15 RCTs and 2 cohort studies. There were 3909 patients enrolled, 1907 patients in HFNC group, and 2002 in control group (1068 patients with FM, and 934 with NIPPV). Meta-analysis showed that HFNC had a significant advantage over FM in reducing the tracheal intubation rate of patients with respiratory failure [odds ratio (OR) = 0.51, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.29-0.89,P = 0.02], but there was no significant difference as compared with that of NIPPV (OR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.54-1.17,P = 0.25). It was shown by pooled analysis of two subgroups that compared with FM/NIPPV, HFNC had a significant advantage in reducing tracheal intubation rate in patients with respiratory failure (pooledOR = 0.66, 95%CI = 0.47-0.94, P = 0.02). Compared with FM, patients with respiratory failure were more likely to receive HFNC for comfort [standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.41, 95%CI = -0.56 to -0.26,P < 0.00001]. There was no significant difference in hospital mortality between HFNC and FM (OR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.55-1.24,P = 0.35) or NIPPV (OR = 0.66, 95%CI = 0.37-1.17, P = 0.16). The results of pooled analysis of two subgroups were still unchanged (pooledOR = 0.75, 95%CI = 0.54-1.05, P = 0.09). It was shown by the funnel analysis that there was a bias in the study of tracheal intubation rate in the literature, while the bias of patient comfort and hospital mortality was low.Conclusions Compared with FM, HFNC could reduce the rate of tracheal intubation in patients with respiratory failure, but no difference was found as compared with NIPPV. Compared with FM, HFNC made patients more comfortable, and it was easier to be accepted and tolerated. However, there was no difference in hospital mortality among FM, NIPPV, and HFNC.