AlM:To construct recombination eukaryotic expression plasmid of human thyrotropin receptor extracellular domain encapsulated with cationic liposomes.
METHODS:We amplified the target gene of shuttle vector PHMCMVTSHR289, conjugated the target gene and eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3. 1 +, and accredited whether pcDNA3. 1+/TSHR289 was connected or not by enzymatic digestion and sequencing. Cationic liposomes encapsulated the recombination plasmid pcDNA3. 1+/TSHR289.
RESULTS: Recombination plasmid pcDNA3. 1+/TSHR289 digested with enzyme Hindlll and the fragment through 0. 8% gel electrophoresis showed 512bp strip. Recombination plasmid pcDNA3. 1+/TSHR289 were found synonymous mutation through forward ( AAC to AAT ) and reverse sequencing ( GCG to GCT) . The volume ratio of cationic liposomes and recombinant plasmid was 3:1.
CONCLUSlON: lt is successful to construct the recombination plasmid pcDNA3. 1+/TSHR289 by accredit it through enzymatic digestion and sequencing.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the influences of conditioned medium from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) on cancer stem cell phenotype of human hepatoma cells. HUVEC and human hepatoma cells (MHCC97H) were cultured, respectively, and then the MHCC97H cells were co-cultured with conditioned medium from HUVEC (EC-CM) with Transwell system. Anti-cancer drug sensitivity, colony-formation, migration/invasion ability, expression of cancer stem cell marker and sphere formation were performed to determine the cancer stem cell phenotype in MHCC97H cells. We found that MHCC97H cells co-cultured with EC-CM exhibited significantly higher colony-formation ability and lower sensitivity of anti-cancer drugs 5-FU and Cis. Transwell assay showed that treatment with EC-CM obviously increased migration and invasion of MHCC97H cells. Moreover, increased sphere forming capability and expression of CD133 in MHCC97H cells were observed after co-cultured with EC-CM. These results suggested that EC-CM could promote cancer stem cell phenotype of hepatoma cells.
Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Coculture Techniques ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacology ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; chemistry ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Phenotype

Objective To improve the teaching quality of medical genetics. Methods A medi-cal genetics questionnaire survey was designed and conducted among 2012 grade undergraduates of Kunming Medical University. The results of the questionnaire were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-wallis test. Results The students felt that, there were differences in the importance and difficulty of teaching sections (Z=395.818,Z=117.786,P<0.001). The practical abilities were different after learn-ing (Z=139.364,P<0.001). Most of the students had strong demand for clinical practice and genetic counseling, there were differences in the degree of demand in students of different majors (Z=8.432, P=0.038). Conclusion Method of adjusting teaching content and method was proposed and adding clinical practice in the future was recommend to improve the teaching quality .

Objective To summarize the clincical experience of transumbilical Laparoendoscopic Single-site (LESS) nephrectomy and to evaluate its safety and efficacy. Methods From December 2008 to August 2010, we have performed 20 cases of transumbilical LESS nephrectomy by Tri-Port system, of which 9 patients underwent LESS radical nephrectomy (left 8, right 1, stage T1 ), 1 patient underwent LESS radical resection of right ureteral carcinoma, 10 patients underwent LESS simple nephrectomy (left 5, right 5). The Tri-Port system was inserted transperitoneally through a 2 cm umbilical incision. A 5-mm 30° telescope was introduced through the port to visualize the operative field. Flexible equipment and standard laparoscopic equipment were used to perform the procedures.The incisions were extended to about 6cm in order to remove the specimens. Results Conversion to open surgery was necessary in one LESS radical resection of right ureteral carcinoma and one LESS simple nephrectomy, while the remaining 18 cases were successful (the addition of a single 5-mm port was necessary in 2 cases of LESS radical nephrectomy). The mean operative time was 197 min (85-510 min), mean estimated blood loss was 126 ml (50-400 ml), without blood transfusion in the perioperative period, mean postoperative hospital stay was 6.3 d (3-14 d), and mean duration of catheter drainage was 3.6 d (0- 14 d). Conclusions Transumbilical LESS nephrectomy is feasible, safe,minimally invasive and cosmetic. Long-term follow-up and a clinical control study are needed for evaluating clinical outcomes.

Enhancing medical students' humane quality education is an urgent requirement for modem medical mode transformation for medical education.The pharmacology teachers of Chongqing Medical University follow the modem education concepts and fully search the human spirit materials hidden in pharmacology,then actively explore how to integrate the humanity spirit education into the pharmacology teaching to achieve the changes of from exam-oriented education to quality education.

How to practice effective bilingual teaching is an urgent problem to solve for western medical school.According to the actual conditions of students and teachers of western medical school,the teaching objective is established as knowledge first,language second.On the basis of students first and step by step proceeding,some teaching methods are used to achieve this teaching objective.The result shows this teaching is effective.

Objective To construct the competency model of excellent and common clinical medicine undergraduates according to the competency theory . Methods Literature search was used to screen competency model. Behavioral event interview was used to interview 32 excellent clinical experts. Open questionnaire survey was conducted to 100 clinical medical undergraduates. We compiled the primary competency dictionary based on the above results. To determine the final competency dictionary, Delphi method of 50 experts was used to determine the final competency dictionary. According to the competency dictionary, a questionnaire survey was made to test the excellent and ordinary undergraduate students. Results The 38 features of behavioral event interview and 42 features of open questionnaire survey were combined to 51 features, which were used as the first round of expert questionnaire. Two rounds of expert consultation reached a high degree of coordination. 4 first level indicators: knowledge and skills, social role+values+service characteristics, self-concept and consciousness, personality quality and motivation and 36 features were established as final compentency model. 80 excellent clinical medical undergraduates got score of 143.65 ±23.53, while 100 ordinary undergraduates got score of 133.55 ±35.31 (t=2.29,P=0.023), which indicated the competency model could distinguish excellent and ordinary clinical under-graduates . Conclusion This competency model of clinical undergraduate students is reliable and practical, which can be used in future clinical undergraduate training and evaluation.

AIM and METHODS: To detect the changes of amyloid protein (?-AP) and polypeptide growth factor levels and study their role in the possible pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). We detected serum ?-AP, transforming growth factor- ?(TGF-?) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-Ⅱ) levels by radio immunoassay in 8 patients with AD,15 patients with VD and 63 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease(ICVD) and 38 cases healthy volunteers. RESULTS: In AD and VD groups, serum ?-AP, TGF-? and IGF-Ⅱ were significantly higher than that in ICVD and control group; Serum ?- AP,TGF-? and IGF-Ⅱ contents in ICVD group were obviously higher than that in normal control, the highest increase occurred in sequel of cerebral infarction(SCI) and vertebrobasislar ischemia(VBI) groups. There are positive correlation among ?- AP, TGF-? and IGF-Ⅱ in AD and VD groups.CONCLUSION: ①?- AP is a risk factor in the pathogenesis of AD and VD. ② TGF- ? and IGF-Ⅱ play roles in the neurotoxin effect that lead to dementia. ③ ?-AP plays a important role in formation of senile plaque.

Objective To analyze the results of the Objective Structured Clinical Examination(OSCE) of medical interns in Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,and to assess the role of OSCE in clinical teaching and practice. MethodsAtolal of 104 medical interns of five-year education program in 2002 and seven-year education program in 2003 in School of Medicine had taken part in OSCE of gynecology and obstetrics.The OSCE consisted of six stations: gynecologic examination,obstetric examination,oral test,interrogation of standardized-patients(SP),drawing partogram,and non-stress test(NST) explanation.After gathering the data of each station,the software of SPSS 11.0 was used to make statistical analysis. Results The median scores were as follows: 92.0 for gynecologic examination,91.0 for obstetric examination,83.5 for oral test,80.0 for interrogation of SP,80.0 for drawing partogram,and 70.0 for NST explanation.There was no significant impact of familiarity to OSCE on the results of the test.The results showed that medical interns did good job in basic performance,but lack of clinical practice skills in some complicated practice of gynecology and obstetrics.Conclusion The grading system and stations setup of OSCE in Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital show objectivity and equity.The OSCE can be widely applied in the after-department examination and even graduation examination.

· AIM: To report a rare case of mesenchymalchondrosarcoma in the orbit and to explore its clinicmanifestations, pathologic characters, management andprognosis. · METHODS: We report a case of mesenchymalchondrosarcoma of the orbit. The clinical materials,including ophthalmological examination, computed tomo-graphy scan of the orbit, histopathology and immunohis-tochemistry of the biopsy specimen was reported, and itspertinent literatures were reviewed.· RESULTS: A 36-year-old female was seen with proptosisand decreased vision. Histopathology demonstrated anadmixture of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells andislands of mature hyaline cartilage. Immunohistochemicalstudies revealed positivity for vimentin and S-100, whichwas consistent with the diagnosis of mesenchymalchondrosarcoma.· CONCLUSION: Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in theorbit is extremely rare malignant tumor. Multi-modalitytreatments (surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy)may lead to long-term survival.