[Objective]To find a better minimally invasive surgical operation in teenagers suffered from spontaneous hematopneumothorax caused by pulmonary bullae.[Methods]To analyse 86 cases of patients with pulmonary bullous through transaxilary minithoracotomy from February 2001 to February 2007.[Results]It was observed from 6 months to 6 years after operation with few recrudescence,more curative effects.[Conclusions]Compared with traditional methods,it was a perfect technique for its small traumatism,rapid resume,scarce syndrome and approving curative effect.

Objective To investigate the incidence changes, clinical characteristics and pregnant outcomes of pernicious placenta previa. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis on 316 cases with placenta previa in the Peking University First Hospital from January 2008 to December 2014. The research group were 60 cases with the patients of placenta previa with the history of cesarean section, and the control group were placenta previa without the history of cesarean section. Compared with the incidence, intraoperative blood loss, the pregnancy outcomes and so on. Results (1) The average incidence rate of placenta previa during the past 7 years was 10.96‰ (316/28 837). And the cases of pernicious placenta previa was 60 (2.08‰, 60/28 837), the incidence of pernicious placenta previa was rising from 2008 to 2014 (0.91‰-3.08‰). (2) There were 145 cases of placenta privia had been translation from other hospitals in the past 7 years. The referral rate of pregnant women with placenta previa was 45.9%(145/316), and the referral rate of pernicious placenta previa (63.3%, 38/60) was significantly higher than that of non-pernicious placenta previa group (41.8%, 107/256; χ2=9.080, P=0.003). Referral the outcomes of these patients were good, and no maternal death occurred. (3) The placenta in the research group were mainly adhered in the front wall of the uterine, and the incidence was 38.5%(15/39), higher than that in the group of non-pernicious placenta previa (12.1%, 21/174; χ2=57.636, P<0.01). The incidence rate of complicated placenta increased in research group was 53.3% (32/60), higher than that in the group of non-pernicious placenta previa, compared with the control group, there was significant difference (15.6%, 40/256; χ2=39.041, P<0.01). (4) The incidence of blood loss was more than 1 000 ml, blood transfusion rate, the rate of hysterectomy and the rate of asphyxia of newborn in the research group were respectively 41.7% (25/60), 38.3%(23/60), 8.3%(5/60), 15.0%(9/60), and the incidence of the group of non-pernicious placenta previa were respectively 4.7%(12/256), 12.9%(33/256), 1.2%(3/256), 8.6%(22/256), compared those in other two groups, there were not significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence rate of placenta previa increased year by year, patients with placenta previa has a history of cesarean section often combined with placenta in anterior wall of the uterus, and often with poor pregnancy outcomes. Hierarchical referral system is an effective means to reduce the mortality of the pernicious placenta previa.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of Cinnamic acid、Cinnamaldehyde in Guzhi Decoction. Methods:Defferent decoction were preparded and analyzed by L16(215)orthogonal design,the contents of the Cinnamic acid and Cinnamaldehyde in each decoction was determined by HPLC.Results:Different compatibilities have significantly on content of Cinnamic acid and Cinnamald.Conclusions The method is simple,effective,sensitive and feasible.

Diet survey in this country has indicated that the adequacy of the supply of vitamin B is mainly determined by the quantity of this vitamin presence in the staple food consumed. Analysis of milled kaoliang grain obtained in the market shows a much lower than adequate content of the vitamin. In a previous report, it has been shown that the distribution of various nutrients in this grain is similar to those in other cereals. It is apparent that the study of the effect of the milling process on the nutritive value of kaoliang is of considerable importance both to the improvement of human nutrition and to the conservation of this staple cereal.Experiment was made by running a quantity of red kaoliang sample eight times through a standard commercial mill. Samples were withdrawn after each run for determining the amount of various parts of the grain retained and for the analysis of thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, protein, fat, crude fibre and xylose. The weight of the whole grain removed was also estimated.More than 70％ of the pericarp was found to have been removed in the first run. When 20％ of the total weight was removed, the amount of pericarp left was negligible. This was in accordance with the loss of crude fibre and xylose which showed a greater rate of removal during the first few millings.With the increase of the degree of milling, the ateurone layer, the scutellum and the embryo were removed nearly at a similar rate. At the earlier stage of milling, the loss of thiamin was at a lower rate than that of nicotinic acid and riboflavin. After 15％ of the bran had been removed, its loss became more rapid and ran parallel with that of nicotinic acid, while the removal of riboflavin was at a comparatively lower rate. This can be satisfactorily explained by the uneven distribution of these vitamins in different parts of the grain.The percentage of fat removed at different stages of milling was about the same as that of riboflavin. High degree of milling also caused a lower content of protein in the grain.For better controlling the degree of milling and for reducing the friction in the milling process, a laboratory mill was used in a second experiment. The results obtained were nearly similar to those stated above with the exception of a better retention of scutellum during the early stage of milling.It is suggested that 80％ extraction is likely to be the most rational degree of milling. Owing to the differences between varieties, this may be varied accordingly.It seems that the content of xylose may be used as an index for the degree oi milling.

Objective To understand the cleaning status of hospital environment,and evaluate the effect of fluo-rescence labeling method plus feedback and training on hospital environmental cleaning effectiveness.Methods A total of 27 departments in a hospital were investigated,1 cleaning staff and 2 inpatients were selected from each de-partment,cleaning staff’s knowledge about cleaning and disinfection of environmental object surfaces,as well as cleaning status of inpatients’wards were surveyed,cleaning efficacy of hospital environmental object surfaces were detected with fluorescence labeling method,the surveyed results were performed timely feedback to clinical depart-ments,training on cleaning and disinfection knowledge was conducted,the effective cleaning rate of environmental object surface before and after the training was compared.Results A total of 27 cleaning staff were surveyed,the correct response rate for cleaning frequency was 96.30% ,awareness rate for section concept was 96.30% ,accuracy rate of cleaning order was 92.59% ,accuracy rate of post-cleaning immersion time of sanitary wares in disinfectant was 85.19% ,accuracy rates of replacing,drying,and repeated immersing wiping cloths were 81.48% ,48.15% ,and 25.93% respectively,rates of correct disinfectant formulating method and mop drying time were both 0. Among 54 investigated patients,bed units and ground of wards of 28 patients were cleaned both 1-2 times/day;bed units of 8 patients had never been wiped,18 patients in 9 departments cannot be conducted statistics due to completely in-consistent responses with the other patients of the same departments. The effective cleaning rates of environmental object surfaces before and after the training were 34.62% and 64.96% respectively,difference was significant(χ2=21.81,P<0.01).Conclusion Fluorescence labeling method plus feedback and training can improve cleaning efficacy of hospital environmental object surfaces.

Objective To investigate whether 5 different chemotherapeutic drugs and their combination of either two drugs could further promote the inhibition on the cell growth of HCC cell line (HepG2) in vitro in the hypoxic and hyponutritional culture medium (HHCM) mimicking the different scenarios of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).Methods The cells were treated by 5 drugs for 2 h, 4 h,6 h and 24 h, which include epirubicin (EPI), cisplatin (DDP), mitomycin-C (MMC), oxaliplatin (OXA) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in four concentrations of HHCM (5％, 10％, 25％ and 50％) mimicking the scenarios during TACE and the cell viability was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.The combinations of dual drugs treated for 24 h were also tested.Results The sensitive drugs with inhibition rates more than 30％ were EPI, MMC and OXA in 4 different concentrations of HHCM.The sensitivity of the drugs treated for 24 h was significantly increased compared with that for 2 h in 5％, 10％ and 25％ HHCM.The dual combinations did not increase the chemosensitivity of HepG2 cells.Conclusions EPI, MMC and OXA exhibited cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cells in various hypoxia and hyponutrition states.Prolonging the exposure time could increase the sensitivity of drug in HHCM, and the combination of dual drugs cannot enhance the cytotoxic effect.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Glutamic Acid ; physiology ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Neurons ; cytology ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Huaier (Trametes robiniophila) has been widely used as an adjuvant drug for cancer treatment in China. The anti-cancer effect of Huaier extract has been confirmed in liver cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, and so on. The main mechanisms by which Huaier exerts an anti-neoplastic effect include inhibition of the growth and proliferation of cancer cells, induction of apoptosis of cancer cells, suppression of angiogenesis, inhibition of the invasion and migration of cancer cells, regulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes expression, improving immunity, and reversal of drug resistance in cancer cells. In order to provide references for further study and clinical application on anti-tumor effect of Huaier, the latest research progress on anti-tumor effect of Huaier in recent years is summarized in this paper.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Trametes

Objective To evaluate the effect of csomeprazole with different dosage and usage regimes on intragastric pH of healthy volunteers. Methods It was a randomized, open-label, three-way crossover study. Fifteen healthy volunteers received esomeprazole with 3 different dosages (20 mg or 40 mg once daily or 20 mg twice daily) with 5 days each. Twenty-four continuous ambulatory intragastric pH was recorded at day 5 of each regime. Results The mean time of intragastric pH above 4 was higher in regime of 20 mg twice daily [(21.16 ±2.45) hours ] than that in regimes of 20 mg once daily [(18. 70±4.19) hours] and 40 mg once daily [(19.27±2.68 ) hours] (P<0.05). The percentages of the sleeping and active period that pH remained above 3,4,5 were significantly higher in regime of 20 mg twice daily(day time:95.0%±7.5% ,92.0%±10.6% ,86.7% ± 14.5% ;night time:93.2%± 13.1% ,87.8%±20.3% ,78.6%±28. 9 % )compared with regimes of 40 mg once daily(day time:87.9%±9.5% ,83.5%±11.7%,75.6%±15.50%, night time:75. 7%±20. 8%,66. 9%±23. 8%,53. 3%±30. 3%) and 20 mg once daily(day time: 85.1 % ± 16.3 %, 81.1 %± 18. 1%, 71.5 % ± 20.3 % ; night time: 72.9 % ± 30.5 %,67.2 % ± 31.9 %, 55.7 % ± 31.8 % ) (P< 0.05 ). Esomeprazole maintained intragastric pH above these pH thresholds for a similar propotion of sleeping and active periods with 40 mg once daily and 20 mg once daily.Conclusions Esomeprazole has strong inhibitory effect on intragastric acid. The regime of 20 mg twice daily is superior to 40 mg once daily and 20 mg once daily in both day and night time acid inhibition.There is no difference between esomeprazole 40 mg once daily and 20 mg once daily.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in tumor tissue on analgesic efficacy of morphine and buprenorphine in advanced cancer patients with pain. Methods One hundred and fifty advanced cancer patients with pain aged 51-64 yr weighing 54-65 kg were included in this study. The expression of P-gp was negative in the tumor tissue in 50 patients (group M1 and B1, n = 25 each) and positive in 100 patients (group M2 ,M3 ,and B2 ,B3, n =25 each). The PCA regimen for the 6 groups were listed in the table .Pain was assessed with VAS scores (0 = no pain, 10 = worst pain) and venous blood samples were taken for determination of blood morphine/buprenorphine concentrations at 4, 12, 24 and 48 h of PCIA. Results The six groups were comparable with respect to age, body weight, M/F sex ratio, types of cancer, baseline pain level and education. The analgesic efficacy of morphine and buprenorphine was better ( VAS scores were significantly lower)in P-gp expression negative patients (group M1 and B1 ) than in P-gp expression positive patients (group M2 and B2 ). Higher doses of morphine and buprenorphine provided better analgesic efficacy in P-gp expression positive patients in group M3 and B3 than in group M2 and B2. Plasma morphine and buprenorphine concentrations were comparable between group M1 , B1 and M2, B2 and were significantly higher in group M3 and B3 at each time point. Conclusion Positive P-gp expression in the tumor tissue can decrease the analgesic efficacy of morphine and buprenorphine in advanced cancer patients with pain.