Purpose:To study LPS induced iNOS mRNA expression and NO production by murine peritoneal macrophages, and their relationship with cytotoxic function of activated macrophages.Methods:LPS induced iNOS mRNA expression, production of NO and effects of activated macrophages on anti tumor were investigated separately by RT PCR, nitrate reductase method and 3HTdR incorporation.Results:LPS can upregulates iNOS mRNA expression in a dose dependent manner. L NIL(specific inhibitors of iNOS) pretreatment significantly reduced cytotoxic effect on the proliferation of HL 60 cells, but had little effect on the K562 tumor target cells on condition that NO production is sufficiently inhibited. Conclusions:LPS can effectively induce iNOS mRNA expression and NO production in murine peritoneal macrophages. NO is one of the important effector molecules in unspecific immunity of activated macrophages, but it plays different roles in cytotoxic effects of macrophages on different target tumor cells.

AIM:To observe the expression of Smad7 and Smad ubiquition regulatory factor-Smurf2 in rat glomerular mesangial cells (GMC) stimulated by the high concentration of glucose,and to investigate the effect of the ubiquition on Smad signaling by adding MG132 as a proteasome differential inhibitor. METHODS:Cultured rat GMC were divided into normal group (the concentration of glucose:5.6 mmol/L),high glucose group (20 mmol/L,30 mmol/L,respectively),therapy group (30 mmol/L glucose with MG132). The expressions of Smurf2 and Smad7 in each group were measured by indirect immunofluorescence and laser scanning confocal microscope. RESULTS:(1) The expression of Smurf2 in GMC in normal group was weak (25.93?3.35) whereas the expression of Smad7 was strong (64.09?7.43). (2) The expression of Smurf2 in high glucose group was stronger than that in normal group (P

Chinese medicinal formulae( CMF) were often used in the clinics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) which were critical for modernization of Chinese medicine to shed light on the interaction between CMF and biological organisms. In current studies, correlation between system and part, macroscopic actions and microcosmic mechanism, ADME process and pharmacologic actions were often neglected. Thus, we put forward integrative pharmacology, which could integrate the correlation between CMF and biological organisms from multi-levels and multi-dimensional views. Integrative pharmacology would reveal the molecular mechanism of CMF for ailments treatment and screen out effective material systematically, which would be the new paradigm of TCM research.
Absorption ; Computational Biology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; trends ; Pharmacology ; methods ; trends ; Tissue Distribution

extraction hours. No significant difference of flavonoids content was observed among the different collecting time of C. morifolium. Conclusion The optimum extraction conditions were 75% ethanol, refluence for 1 5 h at 100 ℃ water bath for three times. The flavonoids would not be bound up with the harvest time.

Luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome (LUFS), a specific type of ovulation disorder, is for a cause of female infertility. Acupuncture therapy has a good effect for LUFS. In order to understand the clinical effects and research situation of acupuncture therapy for LUFS, the author analyzed and reviewed the relevant literature. It was indicated by the findings that acupuncture therapy and integrative therapy of acupuncture and Chinese herbs have good therapeutic effect for this disease. Acupuncture therapy has the effect to promote ovulation. By the therapeutic principle to tonify the kidney and circulate blood, acupuncture therapy mostly was adopted in the period of ovulation. The acupoints are mostly selected from the lower abdomen and lower limbs, possibly based upon syndrome differentiation at the same time. The needling techniques are of certain characteristics. But, the issues of low quality, un-standardized inclusive, exclusive criteria and effective criteria still exist in the current clinical study.

BACKGROUND:Conservative treatment is mostly invalid in treatment of severe degenerative lumbar scoliosis-induced low back pain, so surgical intervention is general y required. Repair methods are decompression, rigid fixation, and selective interbody fusion for the“responsible vertebra”to re-establish normal lumbar curvature, spinal balance and good stability. OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical curative effect of local decompression and selective interbody fusion with pedicle screw fixation technique for the treatment of degenerative lumbar scoliosis. METHODS:Data of 57 cases of degenerative lumbar scoliosis from Armed Police Corps Hospital of Hunan Province from January 2011 to January 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. According to clinical characteristics of the patients, selective fusion, local decompression and pedicle screw fixation were used for repair. The imaging analysis and Suk criteria were used to evaluate fixation, decompression and bone fusion. Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores were utilized to assess therapeutic effect. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Operation time was 157-255 minutes, averagely 176 minutes. Amount of bleeding was 480-1 700 mL, averagely 835 mL. Postoperative drainage volume was 140-210 mL, averagely 155 mL. (2) 57 patients were fol owed up for 12-38 months. Postoperative X-ray revealed that Cobb’s angle was (3.8±2.1)° on the coronal plane after treatment, and the correction rate of lordosis was 54%. The sagittal Cobb’s angle was (6.3±10.5)°, and the correction rate of lordosis was 35%. According to Suk standard, the fusion rate of vertebra was 95%. According to low back pain score system recommended by Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores, the effective rate was 91%at the end of fol ow-up. (3) There were 2 cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage, 1 case of nerve injury, and 1 case of pedicle screw failure, no infection, no blood vessel injury. (4) These findings suggest that according to imaging data and self clinical features, local decompression and selective interbody fusion with pedicle screw fixation technique for the treatment of degenerative lumbar scoliosis can rebuild and stabilize degenerative lumbar scoliosis in the coronal and sagittal planes to different degrees, with satisfactory clinical curative effect.

Objective To observe the effect of vitamin D on angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression in Wister rat models of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Methods The rat models of ALI induced by LPS were established by intravenous injection of LPS via tail vein.Thirty Wistar rats were randomly (random number) divided into 6 groups:normal control group,LPS group,calcitriol (25 μg/kg) group,LPS + calcitriol 1 μg/kg group,LPS + calcitriol 5 μg/kg group and LPS + calcitriol 25 μg/kg group.The changes of general condition,lung pathology,lung wet/dry weight ratio and changes of VDR mRNA and ACE2 mRNA expressions and protein levels of VDR and ACE2 in rats were observed.Results The clinical manifestations (rapid shallow breathing;listlessness;the oral and nose hemorrhage) in LPS group were obvious,and the clinical manifestations and pathological changes of lung tissues in the LPS + calcitriol groups were significantly milder than those in LPS group.The expressions of VDR mRNA and ACE2 mRNA in LPS group was significantly lower than those in normal control group and calcitriol group (P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of VDR mRNA and ACE2 mRNA in LPS + calcitriol groups were significantly higher than those in LPS group (P ＜ 0.05),and lower than those in normal control group significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,among LPS + calcitriol groups,there was no significant difference in expression of VDR mRNA (P ＞ 0.05) and there was significant difference in ACE2 mRNA expression (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Calcitriol can increase the expressions of VDR mRNA and ACE2 mRNA and protein levels of VDR and ACE2 in rat models of LPS-induced ALI,thus suggesting the increased expressions of ACE2 mRNA and VDR mRNA playing a role in protection against the development of ALI.

In order to investigate the possibility that oxytocin (OT) is involved in stress reaction, the effect of OT or antioxytocin serum (AOTS) on rat swimming maintaining time was observed. On intraventrncularly administrating 0.625, 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0ng OT 5min before swimming,the swimming maintaining time was 29.32?5.84%, 44.92?4.54%. 60.18?4.21% and 80.48?3.62% shorter than that before injection,respectively.All the swimming maintaining time of the experimental groups was shorter significantly than that of the control group which was intraventricularly injected saline (p

Objective To explore the influences of indoor and outdoor sources of air pollutants on NO 2 concentra tions in indoor air.Methods The dynamic variations of NO 2 concentrations in indoor and outdoor air were continuously monitered by ML 9841B chemiluminescence continuous monitoring analyzer in2families of White haven town of west Cumbrra,UK.Results During the period of indoor air monitoring,typical background concentrations of NO 2 in air in the center of White haven were between19and28?g /m 3 (10min-mean),and rose to38-47?g /m 3 (10min-mean)during the morning and evening rush of traffic.NO 2 concentration increased about 190?g /m 3 (10min-mean)after the use of a gas cooker in the kitchen A1-hour mean concentration of253?g /m 3 was recorded in the kitchen air of one of the houses,which substantially exceeded the NAQS standard of200?g /m 3 .Conclusion The increase of NO 2 concentration in kitchen air induced by the use of gas appliances played a more important role in influencing the indoor air quality than outdoor air did.

Objective To supply anatomic foundation for TRAM and DIEP flaps breast reconstruction with both sensory innervation and rectus abdominis muscle function preserved. Methods Dissections of T8～T12 nerves in anterior abdominal wall were performed on 9 embalmed female cadavers (18 sides). By reconstructing DIEP flaps in 15 cases, the natures of the intercostal nerves and the relations with deep inferior epigastric perforators were investigated. Results Most intercostal nerves pierced the rectus abdominis muscle in the lateral one third. There were interconnections between muscular branches of segmental nerves. Sensory branches traveling with vascular perforators were divided into medial branch and lateral branch. The mean length of pure sensory nerve was (27.6?12.2)mm. Conclusion It is possible to preserve sensory innervation by coapting lower intercostal nerves to the 4th thoracic nerve in TRAM and DIEP breast reconstruction. Sparing lateral one third of rectus abdominis muscle does not cause denervated atrophy in the rectus abdominis muscle after TRAM breast reconstruction.